[Changes in phospholipid components of pulmonary surfactant in experimental influenza infection and their correction by remantadin and deitiforine].

Changes in the levels of total phospholipids and phospholipid fractions of pulmonary surfactant fractions of albino mice intranasally infected with influenza A/Aichi/2/68(H3N2) virus in a dose of 5 LD50 were studied. Reproduction of influenza virus in mice is paralleled by fluctuations in the level of total lipids and changes in the phospholipid components of pulmonary surfactant. Antiviral drugs remantadin and deitiforine injected in accordance with the treatment and prophylaxis protocol to infected animals exerted a protective effect as regards the studied pulmonary surfactant phospholipids.

[The suppression of cellular Na+/H+ exchange leads to the inhibition of influenza virus activity].

It was shown that amiloride, orthovanade and uabain induced almost a two-fold decrease in the rate of incubation medium oxidation by the chick embryo fibroblasts due to the Na+/H+ exchange and inhibited by more than 95 per cent the influenza virus activity. The following mechanism for inhibition of the influenza virus multiplication in the cells under the effect of the above mentioned substances was proposed: suppression of the cellular Na+/H+ exchange responsible for the decrease in pH value in the virus-carrying endosomes----prevention of the decrease in the intraendosomal pH value to the critical level----blocking of the acid dependent process of the virus uncoating----inhibition of the influenza infection as a whole.

[New methods and equipment for studying the hemostatic system (review of the literature)].

The author analyzes the principles and reviews the ranges of application of conductometric, filtration rapid method for studies of formed element aggregation in stabilized blood, hemostographic, photodynamic method for blood clotting registration, superfusion method for assessment of hemocoagulation tissue factor release reaction. He comes to a conclusion that the diagnosis may become objective, rapid, reliable, and accurate if biophysical characteristics of the hemostasis are investigated, their informative value assessed, and measuring equipment for hematologic laboratories designed and commercially produced.

[Pathology of the reproductive apparatus of cells under the action of remantadine and deitiforin].

The antiviral effect of chemical agents remantadine and deutephorine on the reproductive apparatus of MDCK-cells was studied. It was established that the action of the chemical agents during 3-4 days induced enhancement in pathologically transformed mitoses. This enhancement was in direct proportion to the doses used and to the cultivation time.

[A photodynamic method of studying hemocoagulation].

Herein are offered some principles, photodynamic method and the specialised unit (photocoagulograph) for investigation of the optical and rheological properties of the coagulated substrate. On the basis of the results of recalcified plasma, rich in thrombocytes, the quantitative parameters for description of component hemocoagulation phases are offered, i.e.

[Blood coagulation evaluation of the biocompatibility of dental plastics].

Using thromboelastography the authors have studied the effect of fluorax and ethacryl manufactured by compaction and centrifugal moulding on the coagulation properties of patients. An analysis of the mechanism of the plastic surface and monomer effects on the blood coagulation phases and platelets allow the authors to conclude that the considered stomatological materials are biocompatible and that centrifugal moulding is superior to compaction.

[The molecular mechanism of the antiviral action of 2-(1'-aminoethyl)-bicyclo (2.2.1) heptane hydrochloride].

The interaction of 2-(1'-aminoethyl)-bicyclo (2.2.1) heptane hydrochloride possessing anti-influenza activity with flat bilayer lipid membranes was studied.

[Effect of the matrix protein of the influenza virus on oxidative phosphorylation in preparations of isolated liver mitochondria from white mice].

The effect of matrix proteins (M proteins) of influenza A/MRC-11 and B/Lee viruses on oxidative phosphorylation in preparations of isolated mitochondria of white mice liver was studied. M proteins were shown to cause disorders in the system of oxidative phosphorylation leading to reduction of the coefficient of respiratory control and amplification coefficient recorded by the polarographic method. It was also shown that an anti-influenza compound 2-(1'-aminoethyl)-bicyclo(2.

[Conductometric method of studying hemocoagulation].

A conductometric method for studying flowing blood coagulation is proposed. Phases of conductograms characterizing the kinetics and intensity of blood cells aggregation, release of biologically active compounds, fibrin formation, its mechanical properties, retraction process and fibrinolysis of clot are analysed on the basis of their biophysical mechanisms.

[Interaction of isolated influenza virus hemagglutinin with flat lipid membranes].

The interaction of isolated influenza virus hemagglutinin with cell membranes was studied on the model of flat lipid membranes from lecithin and azolectin. Protein molecules were shown to adsorb on the membrane, and permeability of the latter increases when a certain concentration is reached. At the stages of adsorption and penetration into the lipid bilayer the hemagglutinin (HA) showed positive cooperation in interaction with the membranes.

[Characteristics of the degree and spectrum of antiviral activity of 2-(1'-aminoethyl)-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane hydrochloride].

A high activity of a bicycloheptane derivative against influenza viruses, poor activity against Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis and parainfluenza type 3 viruses, and the lack of activity against herpes simplex, vaccinia, ECHO 6, adenovirus type 3 replicating in tissue cultures were demonstrated. The efficacy of the drug in orthomyxovirus infection of tissue culture includes the viruses with the antigenic formula A (H3N2) and A (H1N1), is poor with the A/PR8/34 (H0N1) virus, and lacking with influenza B virus. The characteristics of antiviral activity of the drug obtained in tissue culture, chick embryos, and white mice were not inferior to that of remantadine.

[Method of recording isotonic blood clot retraction].

The method and the device for photometric registration of blood clot isotonic retraction when the preset constant force is applied to the blood clot are described. The mathematic model enabling one to derive kinetic and energy parameters of the considered process is built. These parameters include: a velocity constant, a half-period of fibrinosis, a latent period, phase durations of contraction and tension, a specific working capacity, velocity constants of clot retraction and relaxation.

[Dynamics of peripheral nerve procoagulant and fibrinolytic activity upon electrical stimulation].

The amount of procoagulative and fibrinolytic agents in cellular organoids was studied in the cat n. ischiadicus. All cellular fractions revealed high thromboplastic activity.

[Method of determining the aggregational properties of the formed elements in blood].

A theoretical analysis of the filtration dynamics showed that the hydrodynamic resistance of the filter and the time of the blood flow proportional to it is determined by the degree of aggregation and adhesion of the constituents. The design of the device and the sequence of operations for investigating the influence of the pharmacological agents on the aggregation of cells are described. A micromethod with the use of Panchenkov's device has been devised, which enables the aggregation of cells in the blood drawn through a puncture of the finger to be investigated.

[Electrokinetic properties of formed elements in blood exposed to physical factors].

Constant magnetic field (300 Oe), sound oscillations (40 Db 50-20000 Hz) and electromagnetic field (3 V/cm, 50--20000 Hz) decrease the electrophoretic mobility of erythrocytes and trombocytes of dogs and human blood red cells in in vitro experiments. Bitemporal effect of alternating electric current (0,05--0,2 mA/cm2) in the same frequency region is accompanied with a similar fall of electrokinetic index of dog formic elements. The greatest effect is recorded in the range of 5000--1000 Hz both for sound oscillations and electromagnetic field.