Specific differences and novel key regulatory genes of sex in influencing exceptional longevity phenotypes.

Background And Aims: Although the life expectancy of women systematically and robustly exceeds that of men, specific differences and molecular mechanisms of sex in influencing longevity phenotypes remain largely unknown. Therefore, we performed transcriptome sequencing of peripheral blood samples to explore regulatory mechanisms of healthy longevity by incorporating sex data.

Methods: We selected 34 exceptional longevity (age: 98.

Whole Genomic Analysis Revealed High Genetic Diversity and Drug-Resistant Characteristics of in Guangxi, China.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB), caused by (), is a major public health issue in China. Nevertheless, the prevalence and drug resistance characteristics of isolates vary in different regions and provinces. In this study, we investigated the population structure, transmission dynamics and drug-resistant profiles of in Guangxi, located on the border of China.

Identification and replication of novel genetic variants of ABO gene to reduce the incidence of diseases and promote longevity by modulating lipid homeostasis.

Genes related to human longevity have not been studied so far, and need to be investigated thoroughly. This study aims to explore the relationship among ABO gene variants, lipid levels, and longevity phenotype in individuals (≥90yrs old) without adverse outcomes. A genotype-phenotype study was performed based on 5803 longevity subjects and 7026 younger controls from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS).

Infectivity of Genotypes and Outcome of Contact Investigation in Classroom in Guangxi, China.

Objective: To evaluate the infectivity of () genotypes of index cases in the classroom of adolescent schools in Guangxi, China.

Methods: Adolescent school tuberculosis (TB) contact investigations were conducted for all reported index TB cases from November 2016 to December 2017 in Guangxi, China. Genotypes of index cases and contact cases were identified by 15-loci mycobacterial interspersed repetitive units-variable number tandem repeat and spoligotyping.

Tuberculosis Transmission in Households and Classrooms of Adolescent Cases Compared to the Community in China.

The aim of this paper is to evaluate the link between the history of exposure to tuberculosis (TB) in the household and diagnosed TB cases at school, and to compare the detection rate of active TB among household contacts and classroom contacts of adolescent TB cases with the rates among contacts of healthy controls. From November 2016 to December 2017, a prospective matched case-control study was conducted using passively identified index adolescent student cases from the TB surveillance system and healthy controls (matched by county, school type, sex, age and ethnicity). Contacts in households and classrooms of index cases and of controls were investigated.

Adolescent tuberculosis associated with tuberculosis exposure in classrooms and dorm rooms in Guangxi, China.

Objective: Quantify tuberculosis (TB) risk attributable to dorm room exposure in addition to classroom exposure.

Methods: Adolescent school contact investigations were conducted for every reported index TB case, and similar contact investigations were conducted in selected community-control classes from November 2016 to October 2017 in Guangxi, China.

Results: A total of 6263 contacts of 112 index TB cases and 6130 classmates of 112 controls were investigated.

Drug Resistance in Newly Presenting and Previously Treated Tuberculosis Patients in Guangxi Province, People's Republic of China.

Drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains are a major threat to the control of tuberculosis (TB), but the prevalence of drug-resistant TB is still unknown in the southern ethnic region of China. A cluster-randomized sampling method was used to include the study population. Isolates were tested for resistance to 6 antituberculosis drugs, and genotyped to identify Beijing strains.

Risk factors associated with Tuberculosis (TB) among people living with HIV/AIDS: A pair-matched case-control study in Guangxi, China.

Background: As one of the poorest provinces in China, Guangxi has a high HIV and TB prevalence, with the annual number of TB/HIV cases reported by health department among the highest in the country. However, studies on the burden of TB-HIV co-infection and risk factors for active TB among HIV-infected persons in Guangxi have rarely been reported.

Objective: To investigate the risk factors for active TB among people living with HIV/AIDS in Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region, China.

Southern East Asian origin and coexpansion of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Beijing family with Han Chinese.

The Beijing family is the most successful genotype of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and responsible for more than a quarter of the global tuberculosis epidemic. As the predominant genotype in East Asia, the Beijing family has been emerging in various areas of the world and is often associated with disease outbreaks and antibiotic resistance. Revealing the origin and historical dissemination of this strain family is important for understanding its current global success.

Transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in China: a population-based molecular epidemiologic study.

Background: Understanding the transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis is essential for the development of efficient tuberculosis control strategies. China has the second-largest tuberculosis burden in the world. Recent transmission and infection with M.