Polyethylenimine-Induced Alterations of Red Blood Cells and Their Recognition by the Complement System and Macrophages.

In practical applications, biomedical materials introduced in vivo may interact with various host cells and/or biomacromolecules and alter their physiological characteristics. Biomaterial-altered cells and/or biomacromolecules may be recognized as "non-self" by the host immune system and may consequently cause further immune responses. In the present work, the gene carrier material branched polyethylenimine (1.

[A case-control study on genetic and environmental factors regarding polydactyly and syndactyly].

Objective: To explore the genetic and environmental factors related to the development of polydactyly and syndactyly, and to provide evidence for prevention on birth defects.

Methods: A hospital-based case-control study was conducted. 111 cases and 222 controls were interviewed with standardized questionnaires.

[The status on care and nutrition of 774 children staying in rural areas while parents were in towns].

Objective: To understand the status on care and nutrition of children living in the rural areas (so called 'left-behind' children) while their parents were seeking for jobs in the urban areas.

Methods: Cross-sectional study was employed in this investigation. The group of 'left-behind' children (n = 774) and the comparison group (n = 774) were identified.