The limits of sustained self-excitation and stable periodic pulse trains in the Yamada model with delayed optical feedback.

We consider the Yamada model for an excitable or self-pulsating laser with saturable absorber and study the effects of delayed optical self-feedback in the excitable case. More specifically, we are concerned with the generation of stable periodic pulse trains via repeated self-excitation after passage through the delayed feedback loop and their bifurcations. We show that onset and termination of such pulse trains correspond to the simultaneous bifurcation of countably many fold periodic orbits with infinite period in this delay differential equation.

Temporal Dissipative Solitons in Time-Delay Feedback Systems.

Localized states are a universal phenomenon observed in spatially distributed dissipative nonlinear systems. Known as dissipative solitons, autosolitons, and spot or pulse solutions, these states play an important role in data transmission using optical pulses, neural signal propagation, and other processes. While this phenomenon was thoroughly studied in spatially extended systems, temporally localized states are gaining attention only recently, driven primarily by applications from fiber or semiconductor lasers.

Delay-induced switched states in a slow-fast system.

We consider the two-component delay system εx'(t) = - x(t) - y(t) + f(x(t - 1)), y'(t) = ηx(t) with small para- meters ε, η and positive feedback function f. Previously, such systems have been reported to model switching in optoelectronic experiments, where each switching induces another one after approximately one delay time, related to one round trip of the signal. In this paper, we study these delay-induced switched states.

An SIQ delay differential equations model for disease control via isolation.

Infectious diseases are among the most prominent threats to mankind. When preventive health care cannot be provided, a viable means of disease control is the isolation of individuals who may be infected. To study the impact of isolation, we propose a system of delay differential equations and offer our model analysis based on the geometric theory of semi-flows.

Consequences of delays and imperfect implementation of isolation in epidemic control.

For centuries isolation has been the main control strategy of unforeseen epidemic outbreaks. When implemented in full and without delay, isolation is very effective. However, flawless implementation is seldom feasible in practice.

Chaotic bursting in semiconductor lasers.

We investigate the dynamic mechanisms for low frequency fluctuations in semiconductor lasers subjected to delayed optical feedback, using the Lang-Kobayashi model. This system of delay differential equations displays pronounced envelope dynamics, ranging from erratic, so called low frequency fluctuations to regular pulse packages, if the time scales of fast oscillations and envelope dynamics are well separated. We investigate the parameter regions where low frequency fluctuations occur and compute their Lyapunov spectra.

Switching from oral risperidone to flexibly dosed oral paliperidone extended-release: core symptoms, satisfaction, and quality of life in patients with stable but symptomatic schizophrenia: the RISPALI study.

Objective: The purpose of this prospective study was to evaluate the effects of switching from oral risperidone to flexibly dosed oral paliperidone extended-release (ER) in Brazilian adults with schizophrenia because of lack of efficacy, intolerability, or nonadherence after a minimum trial of 30 days on adequate (labeled) doses of oral risperidone, according to individual clinical judgment.

Research Design And Methods: Subjects with Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale total scores above 78, and/or intolerable adverse effects, with risperidone received open-label paliperidone ER 3 to 12 mg daily for 26 (main phase) to 52 (extension phase) weeks.

Clinical Trial Registration: Clinicaltrials.

Long-acting injectable risperidone in partially adherent and nonadherent patients with schizophrenia.

Background: Long-acting injectable antipsychotics may improve medication adherence, thereby improving overall treatment effectiveness. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness, safety, and tolerability of risperidone long-acting injection in schizophrenic patients switched from oral antipsychotic medication.

Methods: In a 12-month, multicenter, open-label, noncomparative study, symptomatically stable patients on oral antipsychotic medication with poor treatment adherence during the previous 12 months received intramuscular injections of risperidone long-acting injection (25 mg starting dose) every 2 weeks.

Attributes of response in depressed patients switched to treatment with duloxetine.

Background: This study was designed to assess clinical and functional outcomes associated with switching to duloxetine treatment in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) experiencing emotional and painful physical symptoms in their current episode.

Methods: In this 8-week, multinational, multicentre, single-arm, open-label clinical trial, 242 MDD patients were switched to duloxetine 60 mg/day after selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) or serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) treatment. The primary analysis compared mean change from baseline in Brief Pain Inventory-Modified Short Form (BPI-SF) interference score between initial responders [≥ 50% reduction from baseline on the 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD(17)) Maier subscale] and initial non-responders after 4 weeks.

Patients' preference for olanzapine orodispersible tablet compared with conventional oral tablet in a multinational, randomized, crossover study.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare patients' preference for olanzapine orodispersible tablet (ODT) with oral conventional tablet (OCT).

Methods: A 12-week randomized, crossover, multinational, open-label study was conducted to estimate the proportion of patients preferring ODT or OCT. Outpatients with stable schizophrenia on OCT monotherapy were randomly assigned 1:1 to ODT or OCT.

Once-daily duloxetine 60 mg in the treatment of major depressive disorder: multicenter, double-blind, randomized, paroxetine-controlled, non-inferiority trial in China, Korea, Taiwan and Brazil.

The aim of the present paper was to compare the efficacy and safety of duloxetine with paroxetine in the acute treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD). In a randomized, double-blind trial of 8 weeks active treatment, patients with non-psychotic MDD were randomized to duloxetine 60 mg (n = 238) or paroxetine 20 mg (n = 240) once daily. Efficacy was primarily measured on change in the 17-item Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD(17)) using a non-inferiority test with a margin of 2.

Weight gain management in patients with schizophrenia during treatment with olanzapine in association with nizatidine.

Objective: Weight gain is associated with treatment with many psychotropic agents. Nizatidine, H2 receptor antagonist, has been proposed to have weight-reducing effects. This was a 12-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy of nizatidine in reducing/limiting weight gain in patients with schizophrenia who have been under treatment with olanzapine.

Endometrial response to a cyclic regimen of percutaneous 17beta-estradiol and low-dose vaginal micronized progesterone in women with mild-to-moderate hypertension.

Endometrial response to natural estradiol and low-dose vaginal progesterone replacement therapy was evaluated in 20 postmenopausal women with chronic, mild-to-moderate hypertension. A cyclic hormone replacement therapy (HRT) regimen was used (21/28 days) with percutaneous estradiol (1.5 mg/day) and vaginal micronized progesterone (100 mg/day).

One year follow-up of hormone replacement therapy with percutaneous estradiol and low-dose vaginal natural progesterone in women with mild to moderate hypertension.

Objective: The effects of natural estradiol and progesterone replacement therapy on lipoprotein and cardiovascular parameters were assessed in 20 postmenopausal women with mild to moderate systemic arterial hypertension.

Design: After confirming hypertension in the absence of antihypertensive treatment, blood pressure control was achieved by administration of amlodipine at individually adjusted doses. Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) was introduced in a cyclic regimen (21 of 28 days) with percutaneous estradiol (1.

Placebo-controlled study of tianeptine in major depressive episodes.

The efficacy and safety of tianeptine were compared, in the course of a multicentre randomised, double-blind, parallel group study, to those of placebo in the treatment of Major Depressions and Bipolar Disorder, Depressed with or without melancholia, without psychotic features. After a 1-week run-in placebo period, 126 depressed out-patients presenting DSM-III-R Major Depression or Bipolar Disorder, Depressed, with a total MADRS score of at least 25, were treated for 42 days with either tianeptine (25-50 mg/day) or placebo. Efficacy assessments were MADRS, CGI, HARS, Zung Depression Self Rating Scale and a VAS.

[The Checklist for Evaluation of Somatic Symptoms (CHESS). Its use in anxious and depressive pathology. Factor structure].

The CH.E.S.

[Factorial analysis of the Hamilton depression scale, II].

A factorial analysis (principal components with Varimax rotation) was performed on 85 ratings of the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale obtained in 1979-1980 on inpatients with a major depressive illness. Using a replicable statistical technique, 4 factors were obtained. These factors do not overlap with those obtain on a similar sample with a similar technique nor with those obtained by other authors.

[Factorial structure of the Hamilton depression scale. I].

A development version (N I M H 67) of the Hamilton depression rating scale with 26 items was scored on 125 depressed inpatients recently hospitalized for a major non schizophrenic depressive illness. The data were obtained before any antidepressant treatment or after an adequate wash out period. A principal component factorial analysis with Varimax rotation was used.