Physiological, Biochemical, and Molecular Analyses Reveal Dark Heartwood Formation Mechanism in .

is highly valued for its commercial applications, with the heartwood exhibiting a range of colors from dark to light among its various clones. The underlying mechanisms contributing to this color variation, however, have not been fully elucidated. In an effort to understand the factors that influence the development of dark heartwood, a comparative analysis was conducted on the microstructure, substance composition, differential gene expression, and metabolite profiles in the sapwood (SW), transition zone (TZ), and heartwood (HW) of two distinct clones, SR14 and SR25.

Comparative physiological, biochemical, metabolomic, and transcriptomic analyses reveal the formation mechanism of heartwood for Acacia melanoxylon.

Acacia melanoxylon is well known as a valuable commercial tree species owing to its high-quality heartwood (HW) products. However, the metabolism and regulatory mechanism of heartwood during wood development remain largely unclear. In this study, both microscopic observation and content determination proved that total amount of starches decreased and phenolics and flavonoids increased gradually from sapwood (SW) to HW.

Correction: Zhang et al. Genotype-Environment Interaction and Horizontal and Vertical Distributions of Heartwood for R.Br. 2023, , 1299.

In the original publication [...

Genotype-Environment Interaction and Horizontal and Vertical Distributions of Heartwood for R.Br.

(blackwood) is a valuable wood with excellent-quality heartwood extensively utilized worldwide. The main aim of this study was to confirm the horizontal and vertical variation and provide estimated values of genetic gains and clonal repeatabilities for improving breeding program of . Six blackwood clones at 10 years old were analyzed in Heyuan and Baise cities in China.

Plasma-derived exosomal immunoglobulins IGHV4-4 and IGLV1-40 as new non-small cell lung cancer biomarkers.

Exosomal proteins represent valuable research directions in the liquid biopsy of lung cancer (LC). Immunoglobulin subtypes, immunoglobulin molecules with different domains in variable regions, are products of B cell responses to different tumor antigens and are associated with tumor incidence and development. The plasma of patients with LC should theoretically contain a large number of B cell-derived exosomes that specifically recognize tumor antigens.

Transmembrane TNF-α as a Novel Biomarker for the Diagnosis of Cytokine Storms in a Mouse Model of Multiple Organ Failure.

A cytokine storm (CS) is an out-of-control inflammatory response closely associated with the progression of diseases, such as multiple organ failure (MOF), severe sepsis, and severe or critical COVID-19. However, there is currently a lack of reliable diagnostic markers to distinguish CS from normal inflammatory responses. Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) includes transmembrane TNF-α (tmTNF-α) and secreted TNF-α (sTNF-α).

Influences of pulsed light-UV treatment on the storage period of dry-cured meat and shelf life prediction by ASLT method.

In order to prolong the shelf life of Chinese traditional dry-cured meat products, a pulsed ultraviolet light (PL-UV) irradiation method was adopted to treat meat products according to the following parameters: pulse energy of 8 J, 300 pulses, and an effective exposure distance of 10 cm; the UV light irradiation power of 6 W, an effective exposure distance of 11 cm, and an exposure period of 5 min. After a pulsed ultraviolet irradiation, total bacterial count in dry-cured meat decreased from 6.89 to 4.

Optimization of Processing Conditions of Chinese Smoke-cured Bacon (Larou) with a New Natural Coating Solution during Storage Period.

The study aims to determine the optimum sterilization rate and water activity of Chinese traditional smoke-cured bacon product (Larou) in the preservation with natural coating solution. With the response surface methodology (RSM), we analyzed 3 factors of processing conditions (the concentration of lysozyme, concentration of sodium alginate, and concentration of chitosan) and 2 response factors (sterilization rate and water activity). Sterilization rate and water activity of Larou were largely affected by the concentration of lysozyme, concentration of sodium alginate, and concentration of chitosan.

[Optimization of ultrasonic extraction conditions of safflower yellow from Carthamus tinctorius by response surface methodology].

Objective: To investigate the optimization of extraction conditions of safflower yellow from Cartbamus tirwtorius by response surface methodology.

Methods: Experimental factors and levels were selected by one-factor test, and then according to the central composite experimental design principle, response surface'-methodology with three factors and three levels was used to establish a mathematical model to obtain the optimal extraction conditions with hydroxysafflower yellow A being the target and its extraction yield as response value.

Results: The optimal extraction conditions of safflower yellow were as follows: extraction temperature was 55 t, ratio of water to raw material was 16:1 and extraction time was 39 mm for three times.

Simultaneous quantification of nine major active components in traditional Chinese prescription Mahuang decoction and the influence of herbal compatibility on their contents.

Background: Mahuang decoction (MHD), a famous classic traditional Chinese formula, has been extensively applied for treating cold, influenza, asthma, acute bronchitis, and other pulmonary diseases. However, the interaction among four drugs of MHD has not been clearly deciphered from the aspect of molecular composition.

Objective: To assess the quality of MHD and explore the interplay among different prescription drugs.

In vitro immunosuppressive and cytotoxic activities of Tripterygium wilfordii extract.

Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. f. (TW) is a traditional herbal medicine which has been widely used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and other autoimmune diseases.

Hydrogels prepared from unsubstituted cellulose in NaOH/urea aqueous solution.

Novel cellulose hydrogels were synthesized through a "one-step" method from cellulose, which was dissolved directly in NaOH/urea aqueous solution, by using epichlorohydrin as crosslinker. Structure and properties of the hydrogels were characterized by using SEM, NMR, and water absorption testing. The hydrogels are fully transparent and display macroporous inner structure.

[Rapid simultaneous analysis of fluorene, carbazole, benzo[a]pyrene, and perylene by derivative-constant energy synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy].

A new method of derivative constant-energy synchronous fluorescence (CESF) spectroscopy for the simultaneous determination of fluorene, carbazole, benzo[a]pyrene and perylene was developed. The comparison and explanation of its performance are presented. The derivative CESF spectra are apparently more structured than the direct CESF.

In vitro Inhibition of Human Melanoma Cells by Immunotoxin Luffin B-Ng76.

Luffin B, a plan single-chain ribosome inactivating protein, was purified from seeds of Luffa cylindrica by Blue Sepharose CL-6B affinity chromatography. An immunotoxin was constructed with luffin B and Ng76, a monoclonal antibody to human melanoma cell M(21). Luffin B-Ng76 showed 4 000-fold more cytotoxic to target melanoma cells than free luffin B.

Preparation and Use of a Monoclonal Antibodyagainst Luffin b.

Luffin b is one of the most toxic single chain plant ribosome inactivating proteins. It has been successfully used to prepare an immunotoxin against human melanoma cells. Two strains of hybridomas (1E5 and 2E1) were screened out using cell fusion technique which steadily secreted monoclonal antibodies against luffin b.

Growth-inhibiting effects of taxol on human liver cancer in vitro and in nude mice.

AIM:To investigate the effects of taxol on SMMC-7721 human hepatoma and its mechanisms.METHODS:In vitro cell growth was assessed by trypan blue exclusion method. Experimental hepatoma model was established by seeding SMMC-7721 cells subcutaneously into Balb/c (nu/nu) nude mice.