Exploring the complexities of slum vulnerability in Haryana, India: a qualitative research journey into economic, social, physical, and health dimensions.

Purpose: The study explores the conditions contributing to slum dweller's vulnerability to poor health and examines interplay between economic, physical/infrastructural, and social factors affecting health status to inform policy and programme.

Methods: The methodology deployed for data analysis was mixed deductive-inductive. A deductive framework was adapted for categorizing the data into four broad themes: Economic, Physical/Infrastructure, Social, and Health.

: A Tale of Stealth and Endurance.

() , an opportunistic human fungal pathogen, causes mucosal and deep-seated infections in immunocompromised individuals. Recently designated as a high-priority fungal pathogen by the World Health Organization (WHO), exhibits low inherent susceptibility to azole antifungals. In addition, about 10% clinical isolates of display co-resistance to both azole and echinocandin drugs.

Combined application of earthworms and plant growth promoting rhizobacteria improve metal uptake, photosynthetic efficiency and modulate secondary metabolites levels under chromium metal toxicity in Brassica juncea L.

Chromium (Cr) toxicity impairs essential morphological and metabolic activities in plants. The present investigation was carried out to evaluate the beneficial role of plant growth promoting rhizobacterial strains namely Pseudomonas aeruginosa (M1), Burkholderia gladioli (M2) and earthworms (Eisenia fetida) in alleviating Cr toxicity in 10 days old Brassica juncea L. The findings delineated that addition of earthworms and PGPR restored growth, boosted Cr uptake and showed upregulation of metal transporter genes (SULTR 1-4).

Segmental Absence of Intestinal Musculature: An Enticing Predicament.

Segmental absence of intestinal musculature (SAIM) was first identified as a cause of intestinal perforation and remains difficult to diagnose clinically. Diagnosing SAIM preoperatively can be difficult; however, detection during the surgical procedure may be feasible if gross observations reveal bowel alterations such as a thinned-out wall, signs of gangrenous changes, or adjacent bowel dilatation. A final diagnosis can be made with the help of histopathology, making it a gold standard.

Vestibular Schwannoma Koos Grade II International Study of Active Surveillance Versus Stereotactic Radiosurgery: The VISAS-K2 Study.

Background And Objectives: This study assessed the efficacy and safety of stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) in comparison with watchful waiting for managing Koos grade II vestibular schwannomas (VS).

Methods: A retrospective, multicentric analysis was conducted, focusing on patients with Koos grade II VS who either received SRS (SRS group) or were observed (observation group). To ensure comparability between groups, propensity score matching was used, including factors such as demographic characteristics, tumor dimensions, and hearing assessments.

Vestibular Schwannoma Koos Grade I International Study of Active Surveillance Versus Stereotactic Radiosurgery: The VISAS-K1 Study.

Background And Objective: This investigation evaluates the safety and efficacy of stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) vs observation for Koos grade I vestibular schwannomas (VS).

Methods: In a multicenter study, we retrospectively analyzed data of patients with Koos grade I VS who underwent SRS (SRS group) or were observed (observation group). Propensity score matching was used to equilibrate demographics, tumor size, and audiometric data across groups.

Effectiveness of an intervention (effleurage and petrissage) on the severity of chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) among patients: A randomized control pilot trial.

Background: Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a dose-dependent, nerve-damaging adverse reaction with reported prevalence rates of 68.1% at the first month after starting chemotherapy; 60.0 % at the third month; and 30% at the sixth month.

Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) for patients with brainstem cerebral cavernous malformations (CCMs): an international, multicentric study.

Brainstem cerebral cavernous malformations (CCM) are clinically more aggressive compared to superficial CCMs. Due to their location, resection can be challenging, making stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) an attractive alternative for symptomatic patient. Brainstem CCM patients (n = 170) were treated with Gamma Knife SRS at 11 radiosurgical centers.

Aspartyl proteases target host actin nucleator complex protein to limit epithelial innate immunity.

Epithelial-immune cell communication is pivotal to control microbial infections. We show that glycosylphosphatidylinositol-linked aspartyl proteases (Yapsins) of the human opportunistic pathogenic yeast Candida glabrata (Cg) thwart epithelial cell (EC)-neutrophil signalling by targeting the EC protein, Arpc1B (actin nucleator Arp2/3 complex subunit), which leads to actin disassembly and impeded IL-8 secretion by ECs. Further, the diminished IL-8 secretion inhibits neutrophil migration, and protects Cg from the neutrophil-mediated killing.

Auxological Dynamics of Cephalic Index in Indian Children with Down Syndrome: A Longitudinal Study.

A hospital-based longitudinal observation study was conducted to determine the auxological dynamics of Cephalic Index (CI) and corresponding head shape among 1125 children with Down syndrome. Majority (88% males, 82% females) displayed brachycephaly.

Immunoglobulins: Mechanistic Approaches in Moderation of Various Inflammatory and Anti-Inflammatory Pathways.

Immunoglobulins (Ig) are proteins that help fight infections. IgG (IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, IgG4), IgM, IgA, IgD, and IgE are the five immunoglobulin subtypes that make up the majority of our immune system. Beneficial effects have been observed on the administration of Ig in diseases like Kawasaki, multiple myositis, chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP), and immune thrombocytopenia purpura (ITP).

Pathological insights into activin A: Molecular underpinnings and therapeutic prospects in various diseases.

Activin A (Act A) is a member of the TGFβ (transforming growth factor β) superfamily. It communicates via the Suppressor of Mothers against Decapentaplegic Homolog (SMAD2/3) proteins which govern processes such as cell proliferation, wound healing, apoptosis, and metabolism. Act A produces its action by attaching to activin receptor type IIA (ActRIIA) or activin receptor type IIB (ActRIIB).

Hand hygiene compliance of respiratory physiotherapists: An analysis of trends over eight years including the COVID-19 pandemic period.

Background: Respiratory physiotherapists (RPs) are an integral part of healthcare workers delivering care to intubated patients. Our study aimed to evaluate the effect of awareness campaigns on hand hygiene (HH) compliance among RPs.

Method: An observational single-center study was conducted between 2015 and 2022 in different ICU types in both adult and paediatric settings.

The Hog1 MAPK substrate governs Candida glabrata-epithelial cell adhesion via the histone H2A variant.

CgHog1, terminal kinase of the high-osmolarity glycerol signalling pathway, orchestrates cellular response to multiple external stimuli including surplus-environmental iron in the human fungal pathogen Candida glabrata (Cg). However, CgHog1 substrates remain unidentified. Here, we show that CgHog1 adversely affects Cg adherence to host stomach and kidney epithelial cells in vitro, but promotes Cg survival in the iron-rich gastrointestinal tract niche.

Unveiling the distribution of free and bound phenolic acids, flavonoids, anthocyanins, and proanthocyanidins in pigmented and non-pigmented rice genotypes.

The total phenolic content, phenolic acid profile, anthocyanins, proanthocyanidins, flavonoids, and antioxidant capacity of the whole-grain and bran portion of sixteen distinct rice genotypes that correspond to three distinct pericarp bran colors-black, red, and non-pigmented (NP)-were examined. Ten free and bound phenolic acids, as well as two flavonoids, were analyzed using HPLC-PDA. The flavonoids included kaempferol and catechin hydrate, and the free phenolic acids included gallic acid, 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid, vanillic acid, syringic acid, p-coumaric acid, chlorogenic acid, trans-cinnamic acid, trans-ferulic acid, p-coumaric acid, and sinapic acid.

SWI/SNF complex-mediated chromatin remodeling in promotes immune evasion.

Immune evasion is critical for fungal virulence. However, how the human opportunistic pathogen () accomplishes this is unknown. Here, we present the first genome-wide nucleosome map of the macrophage-internalized consisting of ∼12,000 dynamic and 70,000 total nucleosomes.

A Case Report of Fracture of the Segment of Maxillary Alveolar Process Involving Primary Incisors.

Traumatic dental injuries (TDIs) have significant long-term consequences for the oral cavity's hard and soft tissues. Alveolar process fractures are particularly complicated. This case report describes the management and 12-month follow-up of a segmental maxillary alveolar process fracture involving laterally luxated primary incisors.

Esthetic Rehabilitation of Severely Mutilated Anterior Primary Teeth Using Fiber Post - Case Reports.

Premature loss of primary teeth due to early childhood caries could be treated with different options. Presented cases discuss the clinical sequence of rehabilitation of maxillary anterior primary teeth. Endodontic treatment was followed by composite resin restoration reinforced with fiberglass post.

Vestibular Schwannoma International Study of Active Surveillance Versus Stereotactic Radiosurgery: The VISAS Study.

Purpose: The present study assesses the safety and efficacy of stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) versus observation for Koos grade 1 and 2 vestibular schwannoma (VS), benign tumors affecting hearing and neurological function.

Methods And Materials: This multicenter study analyzed data from Koos grade 1 and 2 VS patients managed with SRS (SRS group) or observation (observation group). Propensity score matching balanced patient demographics, tumor volume, and audiometry.

Intraoperative Facial Nerve Involvement in Parotid Tumours - A Retrospective Analysis in a Tertiary Care Centre.

Purpose: The study aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the various malignant and benign parotid tumours and evaluate the predictive factors for intraoperative nerve involvement leading to facial palsy (FP).

Methods: It is a single-centre retrospective analysis for reviewing the involvement of facial nerve in post- parotidectomy patients. The clinical database from January 2012 to December 2020 was included in the study with a follow-up period of a minimum of 2 years.

The mechanism of cytoplasmic incompatibility is conserved in Wolbachia-infected Aedes aegypti mosquitoes deployed for arbovirus control.

The rising interest and success in deploying inherited microorganisms and cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI) for vector control strategies necessitate an explanation of the CI mechanism. Wolbachia-induced CI manifests in the form of embryonic lethality when sperm from Wolbachia-bearing testes fertilize eggs from uninfected females. Embryos from infected females however survive to sustain the maternally inherited symbiont.