Electrochemical detection of cholesterol in human biofluid using microneedle sensor.

The development of a straightforward, economical, portable, and highly sensitive sensing platform for the rapid detection of cholesterol is desirable for the early diagnosis of several pathologic conditions. In this work, we present a fascinating skin-worn microneedle sensor for monitoring cholesterol in interstitial fluid samples. The microneedle sensor was developed by incorporating platinum (Pt) and silver (Ag) wires within pyramidal microneedles containing a microcavity opening; cholesterol oxidase (ChOx) was coupled on the Pt transducer surface using bovine serum albumin and Nafion.

Printed graphene-based electrochemical sensor with integrated paper microfluidics for rapid lidocaine detection in blood.

Topical lidocaine patches are commonly used to relieve pain and suffering in various clinical and household settings. Despite its extensive use, excessive skin absorption during numbing or pain reduction procedures can cause systemic toxicity, which can lead to life-threatening conditions. Rapid and reliable monitoring of escalating levels of lidocaine in the blood could help management/prevention of lidocaine overdose and its associated complications.

CNN-Based Brain Tumor Detection Model Using Local Binary Pattern and Multilayered SVM Classifier.

In this paper, an autonomous brain tumor segmentation and detection model is developed utilizing a convolutional neural network technique that included a local binary pattern and a multilayered support vector machine. The detection and classification of brain tumors are a key feature in order to aid physicians; an intelligent system must be designed with less manual work and more automated operations in mind. The collected images are then processed using image filtering techniques, followed by image intensity normalization, before proceeding to the patch extraction stage, which results in patch extracted images.

Advances of Drugs Electroanalysis Based on Direct Electrochemical Redox on Electrodes: A Review.

The strong development of mankind is inseparable from the proper use of drugs, and the electroanalytical research of drugs occupies an important position in the field of analytical chemistry. This review mainly elaborates the research progress of drugs electroanalysis based on direct electrochemical redox on various electrodes for the recent decade from 2011 to 2021. At first, we summarize some frequently used electrochemical data processing and electrochemical mechanism research derivation methods in the literature.

Electrochemical sensor for rapid detection of fentanyl using laser-induced porous carbon-electrodes.

The growing pervasiveness of opioid-based drugs such as fentanyl and its analogs represent a foremost hazard to the civilian population and burden on the first responders and clinicians. Thus, to enable a rapid and low-cost surveillance system to detect fentanyl in a non-ideal environment, we demonstrate the use of laser-induced nano-porous carbon structures directly onto commercially available polyimide sheets for rapid and cost-effective manufacturing of electrochemical sensors for fentanyl detection. The porous carbon surface instigated by various laser energy densities was analyzed towards morphological, vibrational, and fentanyl sensing properties.

Transdermal Polymeric Microneedle Sensing Platform for Fentanyl Detection in Biofluid.

Opioid drugs are extremely potent synthetic analytes, and their abuse is common around the world. Hence, a rapid and point-of-need device is necessary to assess the presence of this compound in body fluid so that a timely countermeasure can be provided to the exposed individuals. Herein, we present an attractive microneedle sensing platform for the detection of the opioid drug fentanyl in real serum samples using an electrochemical detection method.

Optical Biosensors for Diagnostics of Infectious Viral Disease: A Recent Update.

The design and development of biosensors, analytical devices used to detect various analytes in different matrices, has emerged. Biosensors indicate a biorecognition element with a physicochemical analyzer or detector, i.e.

Electrochemical diagnostics of infectious viral diseases: Trends and challenges.

Infectious diseases caused by viruses can elevate up to undesired pandemic conditions affecting the global population and normal life function. These in turn impact the established world economy, create jobless situations, physical, mental, emotional stress, and challenge the human survival. Therefore, timely detection, treatment, isolation and prevention of spreading the pandemic infectious diseases not beyond the originated town is critical to avoid global impairment of life (e.

Distress Screening among Patients with Hematological Malignancies: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study.

Introduction: Distress is a major concern during diagnosis and treatment of hematological malignancies. The Distress Thermometer is a commonly used screening tool to detect distress. The objectives of this study was to know the prevalence and identify distress score among patients with hematological malignancies in Nepal.

Wearable electrochemical glove-based sensor for rapid and on-site detection of fentanyl.

Rapid, on-site detection of fentanyl is of critical importance, as it is an extremely potent synthetic opioid that is prone to abuse. Here we describe a wearable glove-based sensor that can detect fentanyl electrochemically on the fingertips towards decentralized testing for opioids. The glove-based sensor consists of flexible screen-printed carbon electrodes modified with a mixture of multiwalled carbon nanotubes and a room temperature ionic liquid, 4-(3-butyl-1-imidazolio)-1-butanesulfonate).

Continuous Opioid Monitoring along with Nerve Agents on a Wearable Microneedle Sensor Array.

There are urgent needs for sensing devices capable of distinguishing between episodes of opioid overdose and nerve agent poisoning. This work presents a wearable microneedle sensor array for minimally invasive continuous electrochemical detection of opioid (OPi) and organophosphate (OP) nerve agents on a single patch platform. The new multimodal microneedle sensor array relies on unmodified and organophosphorus hydrolase (OPH) enzyme-modified carbon paste (CP) microneedle electrodes for square wave voltammetric (SWV) detection of the fentanyl and nerve agent targets, respectively.

Simultaneous detection of salivary Δ-tetrahydrocannabinol and alcohol using a Wearable Electrochemical Ring Sensor.

Driving under the influence of cannabis and alcohol represents a major safety concern due to the synergistic or additive effect of these substances of abuse. Hence, rapid road-site testing of these substances is highly desired to reduce risks of fatal accidents. Here we describe a wearable electrochemical sensing device for the simultaneous direct, decentralized, detection of salivary THC and alcohol.

Turner syndrome in diverse populations.

Turner syndrome (TS) is a common multiple congenital anomaly syndrome resulting from complete or partial absence of the second X chromosome. In this study, we explore the phenotype of TS in diverse populations using clinical examination and facial analysis technology. Clinical data from 78 individuals and images from 108 individuals with TS from 19 different countries were analyzed.

Application of Electrochemical Aptasensors toward Clinical Diagnostics, Food, and Environmental Monitoring: Review.

Aptamers are synthetic bio-receptors of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) or ribonucleic acid (RNA) origin selected by the systematic evolution of ligands (SELEX) process that bind a broad range of target analytes with high affinity and specificity. So far, electrochemical biosensors have come up as a simple and sensitive method to utilize aptamers as a bio-recognition element. Numerous aptamer based sensors have been developed for clinical diagnostics, food, and environmental monitoring and several other applications are under development.

Wearable Electrochemical Microneedle Sensor for Continuous Monitoring of Levodopa: Toward Parkinson Management.

Levodopa is the most effective medication for treating Parkinson's disease (PD). However, because dose optimization is currently based on patients' report of symptoms, which are difficult for patients to describe, the management of PD is challenging. We report on a microneedle sensing platform for continuous minimally invasive orthogonal electrochemical monitoring of levodopa (L-Dopa).

Eyeglasses-based tear biosensing system: Non-invasive detection of alcohol, vitamins and glucose.

We report on a wearable tear bioelectronic platform, integrating a microfluidic electrochemical detector into an eyeglasses nose-bridge pad, for non-invasive monitoring of key tear biomarkers. The alcohol-oxidase (AOx) biosensing fluidic system allowed real-time tear collection and direct alcohol measurements in stimulated tears, leading to the first wearable platform for tear alcohol monitoring. Placed outside the eye region this fully wearable tear-sensing platform addresses drawbacks of sensor systems involving direct contact with the eye as the contact lenses platform.

Ionic Liquid-Modified Disposable Electrochemical Sensor Strip for Analysis of Fentanyl.

The increasing prevalence of fentanyl and its analogues as contaminating materials in illicit drug products presents a major hazard to first responder and law enforcement communities. Electrochemical techniques have the potential to provide critical information to these personnel via rapid, facile field detection of these materials. Here we demonstrate the use of cyclic square wave voltammetry (CSWV) with screen-printed carbon electrodes (SPCE), modified with the room temperature ionic liquid (RTIL) 1-butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide [CCpyrr][NTf], toward such rapid "on-the-spot" fentanyl detection.

Wearable Bioelectronics: Enzyme-Based Body-Worn Electronic Devices.

In this Account, we detail recent progress in wearable bioelectronic devices and discuss the future challenges and prospects of on-body noninvasive bioelectronic systems. Bioelectronics is a fast-growing interdisciplinary research field that involves interfacing biomaterials with electronics, covering an array of biodevices, encompassing biofuel cells, biosensors, ingestibles, and implantables. In particular, enzyme-based bioelectronics, built on diverse biocatalytic reactions, offers distinct advantages and represents a centerpiece of wearable biodevices.

Chemical Sensing at the Robot Fingertips: Toward Automated Taste Discrimination in Food Samples.

The development of robotic sensors that mimic the human sensing capabilities is critical for the interaction and cognitive abilities of modern robots. Though robotic skin with embedded pressure or temperature sensors has received recent attention, robotic chemical sensors have long been unnoticed due to the challenges associated with realizing chemical sensing modalities on robotic platforms. For realizing such chemically sensitive robotic skin, we exploit here the recent advances in wearable chemical sensor technology and flexible electronics, and describe chemical sensing robotic fingers for rapid screening of food flavors and additives.

Food Safety Analysis Using Electrochemical Biosensors.

Rapid and precise analytical tools are essential for monitoring food safety and screening of any undesirable contaminants, allergens, or pathogens, which may cause significant health risks upon consumption. Substantial developments in analytical techniques have empowered the analyses and quantitation of these contaminants. However, conventional techniques are limited by delayed analysis times, expensive and laborious sample preparation, and the necessity for highly-trained workers.

Williams-Beuren syndrome in diverse populations.

Williams-Beuren syndrome (WBS) is a common microdeletion syndrome characterized by a 1.5Mb deletion in 7q11.23.

Electrochemical Aptasensors for Food and Environmental Safeguarding: A Review.

Food and environmental monitoring is one of the most important aspects of dealing with recent threats to human well-being and ecosystems. In this framework, electrochemical aptamer-based sensors are resilient due to their ability to resolve food and environmental contamination. An aptamer-based sensor is a compact analytical device combining an aptamer as the bio-sensing element integrated on the transducer surface.

Wearable Wireless Tyrosinase Bandage and Microneedle Sensors: Toward Melanoma Screening.

Wearable bendable bandage-based sensor and a minimally invasive microneedle biosensor are described toward rapid screening of skin melanoma. These wearable electrochemical sensors are capable of detecting the presence of the tyrosinase (TYR) enzyme cancer biomarker in the presence of its catechol substrate, immobilized on the transducer surface. In the presence of the surface TYR biomarker, the immobilized catechol is rapidly converted to benzoquinone that is detected amperometrically, with a current signal proportional to the TYR level.