Chronic kidney disease in a giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca): a case report.

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a common cause of morbidity and mortality in captive wildlife species. However, CKD has been rarely documented in giant pandas.

Case Presentation: The following report describes a case of an eight-year-old female giant panda showing clinical signs of epistaxis, bloody diarrhea, polyuria, azotemia and anemia.

Antihyperglycemic effect of an anthocyanin, cyanidin-3--glucoside, is achieved by regulating GLUT-1 the Wnt/β-catenin-WISP1 signaling pathway.

Cyanidin-3--glucoside (C3G), an essential representative of anthocyanins, has been proved to possess a myriad of biological activities. However, the effects of C3G on glucose metabolism and its underlying molecular mechanisms remain elusive. The aim of the present study was to investigate the metabolic impact of C3G on db/db mice and to determine whether its consequent anti-diabetic effects were related to glucose transporter-1 (GLUT-1) by and studies.

Food-derived cyanidin-3--glucoside alleviates oxidative stress: evidence from the islet cell line and diabetic db/db mice.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a disease associated with an oxidative milieu that often leads to adverse health outcomes. Multiple anthocyanins have been reported to possess outstanding antioxidant activity, however, their effects on hyperglycemia-related oxidative stress remain elusive. In the present study, cyanidin-3--glucoside (C3G), a typical anthocyanin with various widely accepted health benefits, was applied to alleviate oxidative stress in pancreas islets under the conditions of hyperglycemia.

Canidin-3-glucoside prevents nano-plastics induced toxicity via activating autophagy and promoting discharge.

Increasing attention has been brought to microplastics pollution recently, while emerging evidences indicate that nano-plastics degraded from microplastics are more of research significance owing to stronger toxicity. However, there is little study focused on the prevention of nano-plastics induced toxicity until now. Canidin-3-glucoside (C3G), a natural anthocyanin proved to possess multiple functions like antioxidant and intestinal tissue protection.

Dietary flavone from the vine triggers human lung adenocarcinoma apoptosis autophagy.

Among all types of cancers, lung cancer ranks first in morbidity and mortality, and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for 80-85% of all lung cancer cases. Chemotherapy has shown promising results, but the accompanying side-effects cannot be neglected. Herein, we introduce novel flavones (TVF), which were characterized as 3-caffeoylquinic acid, 5-caffeoylquinic acid, quercetin-3-O-rutinoside, and kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside by UPLC-MS/MS, derived from the vine of Tetrastigma hemsleyanum (TV), a traditional Chinese herb and food.

Vine Flavone Ameliorates Glutamic Acid-Induced Neurotoxicity via MAPK Pathways.

Glutamic acid (Glu) is a worldwide flavor enhancer with various positive effects. However, Glu-induced neurotoxicity has been reported less. (TH), a rare herbal plant in China, possesses high medicinal value.

Tetrastigma hemsleyanum leaves extract against acrylamide-induced toxicity in HepG2 cells and Caenorhabditis elegans.

Acrylamide (ACR), as a raw material of polyacrylamide that used in water purification, was verified to possess various toxicity. Tetrastigma hemsleyanum (TH) is a medicinal plant widely used to anti-inflammation and anti-tumor in Chinese folks. However, more researches focused on the biological activities in tubers and the leaves were ignored.

Flavonoids from Medikus Leaves Protect RAW264.7 Cells against Inflammation via Inhibition of MAPKs, Akt-mTOR Pathways, and Nfr2 Activation.

Medikus was once widely accepted as staple food in India for a long time, and the tuber of which possesses high nutrients. During the past decades, most of the research has focused on the biological activity in the tubers of Medikus whereas the leaves were ignored. In this study, the Medikus leaf extract (ALE) was obtained and seven compounds were identified.

Russula alutacea Fr. polysaccharide ameliorates inflammation in both RAW264.7 and zebrafish (Danio rerio) larvae.

Russula alutacea Fr. (RaF) is a tasty mushroom with high nutritional value and have been regarded as food by local people for a long time. However, few researches have focused on the polysaccharide in RaF.

The influence of the extraction method on bioactivity of the root of .

is traditionally used as a folk medicine and functional food in China. Its extracts have been confirmed to have many bioactivities. However, the effect of extracting temperature on its bioactivity has not been reported.

Purified Tetrastigma hemsleyanum vines polysaccharide attenuates EC-induced toxicity in Caco-2 cells and Caenorhabditis elegans via DAF-16/FOXO pathway.

Ethyl Carbamate (EC), as a carcinogen widely found in fermented foods, was verified that its cytotoxicity was associated with oxidative stress. Polysaccharides from natural sources due to their antioxidative capacity have attracted great attention in the past time. In this study, purified polysaccharide from Tetrastigma hemsleyanum vines (TVP) with 64.

Apios americana Medik flowers polysaccharide (AFP) alleviate Cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppression in ICR mice.

Immunosuppression refers to the suppression of the immune response. The immune function of immunocompromised people is not enough to resist bacterial, viral, fungal and other infections, leading to a series of diseases. A large number of experimental data show that polysaccharide compounds are immune modulators, which can enhance the body immunity with little toxic.

Tetrastigma hemsleyanum tubers polysaccharide ameliorates LPS-induced inflammation in macrophages and Caenorhabditis elegans.

Tetrastigma hemsleyanum Diels et Gilg, a rare herbal plant native to China, possesses high medicinal value. More researches have focused on the flavones in the tubers of Tetrastigma hemsleyanum whereas polysaccharides attract few attentions. In this study, a purified polysaccharide (TTP-1) with the average molecular weights of 478.

Cherry Anthocyanins Regulate NAFLD by Promoting Autophagy Pathway.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common chronic disease that threatens human health, and present therapies remain limited due to the lack of effective drugs. Lipid metabolic disturbance and oxidative stress have strong links to the development of NAFLD, while autophagy was generally accepted as a key regulatory mechanism on these steps. Our previous studies indicated that cherry anthocyanins (CACN) protected against high fat diet-induced obesity and NALFD in C57BL/6 mice, while the underlying molecule mechanism is still unclear.