Early onset of e-cigarette use and subsequent use frequency among US high school students.

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine whether the age of e-cigarette use onset predicts subsequent use of e-cigarettes.

Methods: We used the National Youth Tobacco Survey (NYTS) from 2022. Our sample consisted of 4537 US high school students who had ever used e-cigarettes.

Association of vaping with respiratory symptoms in U.S. young adults: Nicotine, cannabis, and dual vaping.

Introduction: Although studies have found nicotine and cannabis vaping to be individually associated with respiratory symptoms, little is known about the harm of dual vaping. We aim to assess the association of nicotine-only, cannabis-only, and dual vaping with respiratory symptoms.

Methods: Using a national sample of 8033 U.

Cigarette Smoking Relapse Among People Who Switched to E-cigarettes or Other Tobacco Products.

Introduction: Little is known about how quitting and switching to other tobacco products affects cigarette smoking relapse. Additionally, there is no consensus on the best definition of relapse.

Aims And Methods: Respondents who smoked cigarettes at baseline, had quit by the first follow-up, and completed the second follow-up survey in the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study were included.

The association between cannabis vaping and other substance use.

Introduction: The popularity of cannabis vaping has increased rapidly, especially among adolescents and young adults. We posit some possible explanations and, to evaluate them, examine whether cannabis vapers differ from non-vaping cannabis users in other substance use.

Methods: Using nationally representative data from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study wave 5 (Dec.

Examining Racial/Ethnic and Income Disparities on Tobacco Product Use Among US Adults Within Wave 5 of the PATH Study.

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the interactions between race/ethnicity and income across different types of tobacco products.

Methods: The prevalence of past 30-day use of cigarettes, traditional cigars, cigarillos, filtered little cigars, and electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) among adults was examined by race/ethnicity and income levels based on wave 5 (2018-2019) data of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health study.

Results: Multivariate analysis across race/ethnicity and income showed that, although non-Hispanic Blacks (NHBs) were significantly more than likely to smoke cigarettes than non-Hispanic Whites (NHWs) at low- and high-income levels, such disparity only applied to low-income Hispanics compared with low-income NHWs.

Impacts of COVID-19 on mental health in the US: evidence from a national survey.

Background: Studies have reported substantial effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health, but little is known whether the impacts of COVID on individuals, such as being tested for COVID or experiencing disruptions to healthcare utilization, would affect their mental health differently.

Aims: To examine the impacts of COVID-19 on depression and anxiety disorders among US adults.

Methods: We included 8098 adults with no prior mental health problems using data from the National Health Interview Survey (2019-2020).

Recurrent Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Events Potentially Prevented with Guideline-Recommended Cholesterol-Lowering Therapy following Myocardial Infarction.

Purpose: Many adults with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) who are recommended to take a statin, ezetimibe and/or a proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitor (PCSK9i) by the 2018 American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology cholesterol guideline do not receive these medications. We estimated the percentage of recurrent ASCVD events potentially prevented with guideline-recommended cholesterol-lowering therapy following a myocardial infarction (MI) hospitalization.

Methods: We conducted simulations using data from US adults with government health insurance through Medicare or commercial health insurance in the MarketScan database.

The Association Between Cannabis Use and Subsequent Nicotine Electronic Cigarette Use Among US Adolescents.

Purpose: The current study assessed the association between cannabis use among youth never e-cigarette users and subsequent e-cigarette use.

Methods: The Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study is a nationally representative cohort study. Participants aged 12 years and older were selected using a 4-stage, stratified probability sample design from the US civilian, noninstitutionalized population.

Association of Electronic Cigarette Use by US Adolescents With Subsequent Persistent Cigarette Smoking.

Importance: Many studies have reported a positive association of youth electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use with subsequent cigarette smoking initiation, but it remains unclear whether e-cigarette use is associated with continued cigarette smoking after initiation.

Objective: To assess the association of youth baseline e-cigarette use with their continued cigarette smoking 2 years after initiation.

Design, Setting, And Participants: The Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study is a national longitudinal cohort study.

Negative sentiments toward novel coronavirus (COVID-19) vaccines.

Addressing negative vaccine sentiments is paramount to COVID-19 prevention efforts. However, assessing population sentiments is challenging due to the desirability bias that can emerge when directly asking respondents for their opinions on vaccination. Social media data, containing people's unfiltered thoughts, have the potential to offer valuable insights that could guide vaccine promotion messaging.

Perceived Stigma in Health Care Settings Mediates the Relationships Between Depression, Diabetes, and Hypertension.

Stigma is one of the most harmful forces affecting population health. When stigma exists in clinical settings, environments that should be pro-patient and stigma-free, stigma may become internalized and affect patients' well-being. Informed by prior stigma research and the Intergroup Contact Theory, the authors elucidate statistical relationships between patients' perceptions of clinic-based stigma and stigma's impact on health among New York City's diverse residents.

Evaluation of Self-reported Cannabis Vaping Among US Youth and Young Adults Who Use e-Cigarettes.

This cross-sectional study examines the prevalence and frequency of cannabis vaping, which is distinct from nicotine vaping, among young people aged 12 to 24 years.

Impact of vaccination on the COVID-19 pandemic in U.S. states.

Governments worldwide are implementing mass vaccination programs in an effort to end the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. Here, we evaluated the effectiveness of the COVID-19 vaccination program in its early stage and predicted the path to herd immunity in the U.S.

Can PATH Study susceptibility measures predict e-cigarette and cigarette use among American youth 1 year later?

Aims: To investigate whether e-cigarette and cigarette susceptibility predict e-cigarette and cigarette use among American youth 1 year later.

Design And Setting: Longitudinal data from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study-a four-stage, stratified probability cohort study of youth (12-17 years old) sampled from the United States civilian, non-institutionalized population. Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate the association between initial product-specific susceptibility and subsequent cigarette smoking and e-cigarette use while controlling for sociodemographic characteristics, exposure to nicotine users, and behavioral risk factors.

Is Adolescent E-Cigarette Use Associated With Subsequent Smoking? A New Look.

Introduction: Prospective studies have consistently reported a strong association between e-cigarette use and subsequent cigarette smoking, but many failed to adjust for important risk factors.

Methods: Using longitudinal data from the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study, we employed multivariable logistic regressions to assess the adolescent vaping-to-smoking relationship, with four regressions (Models 1-4) sequentially adding more risk factors.Our sample included all waves (waves 1-5) of the PATH Study.

Trends in Nicotine Product Use Among US Adolescents, 1999-2020.

Importance: With increasing e-cigarette use among US adolescents and decreasing use of other tobacco products, it is unclear how total use of nicotine products, and its long-term health risks, have changed. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's standard measure-any tobacco product use in the past 30 days-considers neither frequency of use nor product risk implications.

Objective: To investigate how nicotine product use, including frequency of use, and its associated risks have changed among middle school and high school students since 1999.

Creating COVID-19 Stigma by Referencing the Novel Coronavirus as the "Chinese virus" on Twitter: Quantitative Analysis of Social Media Data.

Background: Stigma is the deleterious, structural force that devalues members of groups that hold undesirable characteristics. Since stigma is created and reinforced by society-through in-person and online social interactions-referencing the novel coronavirus as the "Chinese virus" or "China virus" has the potential to create and perpetuate stigma.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess if there was an increase in the prevalence and frequency of the phrases "Chinese virus" and "China virus" on Twitter after the March 16, 2020, US presidential reference of this term.

Initiation versus Cessation Control Policies: Deriving Optimal Resource Allocation Strategies to Decrease Smoking Prevalence Under a Fixed Budget.

Over several decades the tobacco control community has recommended and implemented smoking initiation and cessation interventions to reduce the smoking toll. It is necessary to study the combined effect of these interventions to allocate resources optimally. However, there is a paucity of studies that address the right combination of initiation and cessation policies over time to reduce smoking prevalence.

Finding the optimal mix of smoking initiation and cessation interventions to reduce smoking prevalence.

There are more than one billion smokers globally according to the World Health Organization (WHO) report in 2017. Every year tobacco use causes nearly 6 million deaths worldwide. To deal with the smoking epidemic, society needs to invest resources efficiently.

An application of the Continuous Opinions and Discrete Actions (CODA) model to adolescent smoking initiation.

We investigated the impact of peers' opinions on the smoking initiation process among adolescents. We applied the Continuous Opinions and Discrete Actions (CODA) model to study how social interactions change adolescents' opinions and behaviors about smoking. Through agent-based modeling (ABM), we simulated a population of 2500 adolescents and compared smoking prevalence to data from 9 cohorts of adolescents in the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) from year 2001 till 2014.