Age-related differences of subjective visual vertical perception in adults-a functional near-infrared spectroscopy study.

Background: The perception of Subjective Visual Vertical (SVV) is crucial for postural orientation and significantly reflects an individual's postural control ability, relying on vestibular, visual, and somatic sensory inputs to assess the Earth's gravity line. The neural mechanisms and aging effects on SVV perception, however, remain unclear.

Objective: This study seeks to examine aging-related changes in SVV perception and uncover its neurological underpinnings through functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS).

Dynamic changes in calcium signals during root gravitropism.

Gravitropism is a vital mechanism through which plants adapt to their environment. Previous studies indicated that Ca may play an important role in plant gravitropism. However, our understanding of the calcium signals in root gravitropism is still largely limited.

Effects of Gaze Stabilization Exercises on Gait, Plantar Pressure, and Balance Function in Post-Stroke Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

This study aims to explore the effects of gaze stabilization exercises (GSEs) on gait, plantar pressure, and balance function in post-stroke patients (≤6 months). Forty post-stroke patients were randomly divided into an experimental group (n = 20) and a control group (n = 20). The experimental group performed GSEs combined with physical therapy, while the control group only performed physical therapy, once a day, 5 days a week, for 4 weeks.

Gravity induces asymmetric Ca spikes in the root cap in the early stage of gravitropism.

Gravitropism is an important strategy for the adaptation of plants to the changing environment. Previous reports indicated that Ca participated in plant gravity response. However, present information on the functions of Ca in plant gravitropism was obtained mainly on coleoptiles, hypocotyls, and petioles, little is known about the dynamic changes of Ca during root gravitropism.

Tunable multi-wavelength optofluidic Dammann grating with beam splitting property.

Dammann grating (DG) is a binary beam splitter. Traditional DG is pure solid and cannot be modulated for different working wavelength. We report a tunable multi-wavelength DG based on a liquid-solid hybrid structure.

Design and characteristics of tunable in-plane optofluidic lens actuated by viscous force.

In this Letter, we report a tunable in-plane optofluidic lens based on a new regulation method. The viscous force (VF) adjusts a 68# white mineral oil-air interface and focal length (). Two glass plates bonded by ultraviolet adhesive strips form a lens chamber.

Design and characteristics of a Maxwell force-driven liquid lens.

Varifocal lenses (especially large-aperture lenses), which are formed by two immiscible liquids based on electrowetting and dielectrophoretic effects, are usually modulated by an external high-voltage power source, with respect to the volume of the liquid. Hence, a Maxwell force-driven liquid lens with large aperture and low threshold voltage is proposed. With the polarization effect, the accumulated negative charges on the surface of the polyvinyl chloride/dibutyl adipate gel near the anode results in the generation of Maxwell force and deformation with cosine wave.

Latrunculin B facilitates gravitropic curvature of Arabidopsis root by inhibiting cell elongation, especially the cells in the lower flanks of the transition and elongation zones.

Gravitropism plays a critical role in the growth and development of plants. Previous reports proposed that the disruption of the actin cytoskeleton resulted in enhanced gravitropism; however, the mechanism underlying these phenomena is still unclear. In the present study, real-time observation on the effect of Latrunculin B (Lat B), a depolymerizing agent of microfilament cytoskeleton, on gravitropism of the primary root of Arabidopsis was undertaken using a vertical stage microscope.