Developing and validating prediction models for severe exacerbations and readmissions in patients hospitalised for COPD exacerbation (SERCO) in China: a prospective observational study.

Background: There is a lack of individualised prediction models for patients hospitalised with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) for clinical practice. We developed and validated prediction models of severe exacerbations and readmissions in patients hospitalised for COPD exacerbation (SERCO).

Methods: Data were obtained from the Acute Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Inpatient Registry study (NCT02657525) in China.

Abnormal heart rate responses to exercise in non-severe COPD: relationship with pulmonary vascular volume and ventilatory efficiency.

Background: Despite being a prognostic predictor, cardiac autonomic dysfunction (AD) has not been well investigated in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We aimed to characterise computed tomography (CT), spirometry, and cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) features of COPD patients with cardiac AD and the association of AD with CT-derived vascular and CPET-derived ventilatory efficiency metrics.

Methods: This observational cohort study included stable, non-severe COPD patients.

Efficacy and safety of a music-therapy facilitated pulmonary telerehabilitation program in COPD patients: the COPDMELODY study protocol.

Despite considerable evidence for the benefit in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), the implementation of pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) is insufficient. However, music therapy may help address this gap due to its unique benefits. Therefore, we aimed to develop a music-therapy facilitated pulmonary telerehabilitation program based on rhythm-guided walking, singing, and objective telemonitoring.

Nebulization metered-dose inhaler and spacer in bronchodilator responsiveness testing: a retrospective study.

Background: The recommended delivery mode for bronchodilators in bronchodilator responsiveness (BDR) testing remains controversial.

Objective: To compare the efficacy of salbutamol administration using a nebulizer a metered-dose inhaler (MDI) with spacer in BDR testing.

Design: A retrospective study.

Associations of medication regimen complexity with medication adherence and clinical outcomes in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a prospective study.

Background: High medication burdens are common in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This study aimed to explore the associations of medication regimen complexity index (MRCI) with medication adherence and clinical outcomes among patients with acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPD) after hospital discharge.

Methods: Data were obtained from a nationwide cohort study of inpatients with AECOPD in China.

Re-exacerbation within 30 days of discharge is associated with poor prognosis in the following year among patients hospitalised with exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a clinical cohort study.

Background: Exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (ECOPD) is a complex phenomenon, with marked heterogeneity in the aetiology, pathophysiology and clinical manifestations. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics and long-term outcomes of patients with 30-day exacerbation among those hospitalised with ECOPD in China.

Methods: Data from the Acute Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Inpatient Registry were used in this study.

Influenza and pneumococcal vaccination coverage and associated factors in patients hospitalized with acute exacerbations of COPD in China: Findings from real-world data.

Background: Influenza and pneumococcal vaccination are a priority in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, limited information is available on vaccination coverage among patients with acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPD) in China. This study aimed to determine the rates and associated factors of influenza and pneumococcal vaccination in patients hospitalized with AECOPD.

MASH1 induces neuron transdifferentiation of adrenal medulla chromaffin cells.

Objectives: Nerve growth factor (NGF) induces neuron transdifferentiation of adrenal medulla chromaffin cells (AMCCs) and consequently downregulates the secretion of epinephrine (EPI), which may be involved in the pathogenesis of bronchial asthma. Mammalian achaete scute-homologous 1 (MASH1), a key regulator of neurogenesis in the nervous system, has been proved to be elevated in AMCCs with neuron transdifferentiation in vivo. This study aims to explore the role of MASH1 in the process of neuron transdifferentiation of AMCCs and the mechanisms.

ID2 inhibits lung adenocarcinoma cell malignant behaviors by inhibiting the activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.

Lung cancer is the most common cancer and one of the main causes of cancer-related deaths, presenting in most cases as metastatic disease. Given the frequent gene mutation and/or signaling deregulation in lung adenocarcinoma, identifying novel factors or agents that target these signaling pathways may be promising strategies for lung adenocarcinoma therapy. Herein, we identified inhibitor of DNA binding 2 (ID2) as an aberrantly downregulated gene in lung adenocarcinoma.

Robotic-assisted thoracic surgery following neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy in patients with stage III non-small cell lung cancer: A real-world prospective cohort study.

Objective: Stage III non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a heterogeneous group of diseases. For this subset of patients, clinical management is still under debate and prognosis remains poor so far. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the feasibility and safety of robotic-assisted thoracic surgery after neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy in stage III NSCLC.

Analysis of Clinical Features and Risk Factors in Pregnant Women With Miliary Pulmonary Tuberculosis After Fertilization Embryo Transfer.

Purpose: Miliary pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) among pregnant women after fertilization embryo transfer (IVF-ET) causes poor outcomes but is rarely reported. This study analyzed the clinical characteristics and risk factors of these patients to provide hints for further studies.

Method: The demographic characteristics, clinical manifestations, radiologic features, treatment, and outcomes of six patients diagnosed from May 2012 to August 2021 in Xiangya Hospital and 69 patients that were reported in English or Chinese literature from January 1980 to August 2021 were retrospectively analyzed.

Aberrant Methylation of Aging-Related Genes in Asthma.

Asthma is a complex pulmonary inflammatory disease which is common among older adults. Aging-related alterations have also been found in structural cells and immune cells of asthma patients. Nonetheless, the underlying mechanism by which differenced aging-related gene contributes to asthma pathology remains unclear.

Respiratory syncytial virus infection-induced mucus secretion by down-regulation of miR-34b/c-5p expression in airway epithelial cells.

Severe RSV infection is the main cause of hospitalization to children under the age of five. The regulation of miRNAs on the severity of RSV infection is unclear. The aim of the study was to identify the critical differential expression miRNAs (DE miRNAs) that can regulate the pathological response in RSV-infected airway epithelial cells.

Neutrophil Extracellular Trapping Network Promotes the Pathogenesis of Neutrophil-associated Asthma through Macrophages.

Asthma is a complex airway inflammatory disease that can be roughly classified into eosinophilic phenotype and non-eosinophilic phenotype. Most of the latter manifested as airway inflammation dominated by neutrophil infiltration, namely neutrophil-dominated asthma (NA). Neutrophil extracellular trapping (NETs) is a newly discovered antimicrobial mechanism of neutrophils; however, NETs can not only resist killing pathogenic microorganisms, but also promote tissue damage and autoimmune response.

Variable DNA methylation of aging-related genes is associated with male COPD.

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic lung inflammatory disease which has a close relationship with aging. Genome-wide analysis reveals that DNA methylation markers vary obviously with age. DNA methylation variations in peripheral blood have the potential to be biomarkers for COPD.

The Safety and Efficacy of Anti-IL-13 Treatment with Tralokinumab (CAT-354) in Moderate to Severe Asthma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Several clinical studies have evaluated the use of tralokinumab (CAT-354) administration in patients with moderate to severe asthma; no consensus on tralokinumab efficacy and safety was reached. Thus, further analysis is required on the efficacy and safety of tralokinumab as an asthma biologic.

Objective: To assess the efficacy and safety of subcutaneous injection of tralokinumab in patients with moderate to severe asthma.

Analysis of the Clinical Features of Tracheobronchial Fungal Infections with Tumor-Like Lesions.

Background: Tracheobronchial fungal infections (TBFI) cause life-threatening complications in immunocompromised hosts but are rarely reported. Misdiagnosis and delayed antifungal treatment are associated with the high mortality rate of patients with TBFI.

Objectives: This study analyzed the bronchoscopic features of TBFI and their roles in the early diagnosis of TBFI.

GLCCI1 rs37973 is associated with the response of adrenal hormone to inhaled corticosteroids in asthma.

Background: Previous studies have demonstrated that glucocorticoid-induced transcript 1 gene ( rs37973 mutant genotype is associated with poor inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) response in asthmatics. As human airway relaxation is regulated by circulation epinephrine, which can be enhanced by corticosteroid. It is unknown whether or not rs37973 is associated with circulation epinephrine and cortisol concentrations in asthma.

Effects of Glucocorticoid-Induced Transcript 1 Gene Deficiency on Glucocorticoid Activation in Asthmatic Mice.

Background: Glucocorticoid (GC) is the first-line therapy for asthma, but some asthmatics are insensitive to it. Glucocorticoid-induced transcript 1 gene (GLCCI1) is reported to be associated with GCs efficiency in asthmatics, while its exact mechanism remains unknown.

Methods: A total of 30 asthmatic patients received fluticasone propionate for 12 weeks.

miR-146b overexpression ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury in vivo and in vitro.

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a type of acute lung injury (ALI), which causes high morbidity and mortality. So far, effective clinical treatment of ARDS is still limited. Recently, miR-146b has been reported to play a key role in inflammation.

Diagnostic Accuracy of Bronchodilator Response for Asthma in a Population of South China.

Introduction: A significant bronchodilator response is commonly defined as a 12% or greater and 200 ml or greater change in FEV from baseline according to the 2005 American Thoracic Society (ATS)/European Respiratory Society (ERS) criterion. A number of studies have shown that the ATS/ERS criterion has limitations in asthma diagnosis, and some experts have argued for correcting the criteria. The aim of this study is to investigate the diagnostic value of acute bronchodilator response for asthma in a Southern Chinese population.

Glucocorticoids Modulate Th1 and Th2 Responses in Asthmatic Mouse Models by Inhibition of Notch1 Signaling.

Background: Notch1 has been linked to the pathogenesis of asthma due to its contribution on Th1/Th2 imbalance. γ-Secretase inhibitor (GSI) acts as an effective blocker of Notch1 signaling. Glucocorticoids (GCs) are the most effective anti-inflammatory drugs for asthma.