Altered GnRH neuron-glia networks close to interface of polycystic ovary syndrome: Molecular mechanism and clinical perspectives.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) has been noticed as a neuroendocrine syndrome manifested by reproductive hormone dysregulation involving increased luteinizing hormone (LH) pulse frequency and an increased LH to follicle-stimulating hormone ratio, yet theory is just beginning to be established. Neuroglia located in the arcuate nucleus and median eminence (ARC-ME) that are close to gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) axon terminals, comprise the blood-brain barrier and fenestrated vessels implying their putative roles in the modulation of the abnormal GnRH pulse in PCOS. This review outlines the disturbances of neuron-glia networks that underlie hypothetically the deregulation of GnRH-LH release and impaired sex hormone negative feedback in PCOS.

LL-37 regulates odontogenic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells in an inflammatory microenvironment.

Background: Inflammation often causes irreversible damage to dental pulp tissue. Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), which have multidirectional differentiation ability, play critical roles in the repair and regeneration of pulp tissue. However, the presence of proinflammatory factors can affect DPSCs proliferation, differentiation, migration, and other functions.

Constructing the Enamel-Like Dentin Adhesion Interface to Achieve Durable Resin-Dentin Adhesion.

Enamel adhesion is acknowledged as durable; however, achieving long-lasting dentin adhesion remains a formidable challenge due to degradation of exposed collagen matrix after acid-etching of dentin. The idea of developing an enamel-like adhesion interface holds great promise in achieving enduring dentin adhesion. In this study, we constructed an enamel-like adhesion interface using a rapid remineralization strategy comprising an acidic primer and a rapid remineralization medium.

Acupuncture improves neuroendocrine defects in a preclinical rat model of reproductive aging.

Aims: Clinical data supports electroacupuncture (EA) as an effective treatment for female reproductive disorders especially gonadotropin abnormalities. This study aims to detect the mechanism of EA that improves the neuroendocrine defects particularly the luteinizing hormone (LH) surge failure in early reproductive aging females.

Materials And Methods: Middle-aged ovariectomized rats primed with hormone were treated by EA at acupoints CV4 and SP6 and undergone LH assay.

Gut microbiota and metabolites in estrus cycle and their changes in a menopausal transition rat model with typical neuroendocrine aging.

Background: Neuroendocrine alterations in the mid-life hypothalamus coupled with reproductive decline herald the initiation of menopausal transition. The certain feature and contribution of gut microflora and metabolites to neuroendocrine changes in the menopausal transition remain largely unknown.

Methods: Fecal samples of rats experiencing different reproductive stages were collected and processed for 16S rRNA and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry sequencing.

Epigenetic modification of Kiss1 gene expression in the AVPV is essential for female reproductive aging.

Female reproductive senescence is heralded by hypothalamus region-specific changes in the transcription of genes such as Kiss1 under estradiol (E2) positive feedback, associated with luteinizing hormone (LH) surge dysfunction and reproductive decline. The current study explored whether the anteroventral periventricular nucleus (AVPV) displayed epigenetic changes mediated by age-related dysregulation of gene expression and whether an epigenetic-based intervention could alleviate an aging-related neuroendocrine disorder. Chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq) and ChIP-qPCR were used to assess the differential acetylation of histone H3 in the AVPV and the expression of genes in hormone-primed middle-aged rats.

Using next-generation sequencing to detect oral microbiome change following periodontal interventions: A systematic review.

Objectives: This systematic review was to evaluate the change of oral microbiome based on next-generation sequencing (NGS)-metagenomic analysis following periodontal interventions among systematically healthy subjects.

Materials And Methods: A structured search strategy consisting of "metagenomics" and "oral diseases" was applied to PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science to identify effective papers. The included studies were original studies published in English, using metagenomic approach to analyze the effectiveness of periodontal intervention on oral microbiome among systematically healthy human subjects with periodontitis.

Effect of oral hygiene programmes on oral opportunistic pathogens during stroke rehabilitation.

Objectives: This study was to assess the effectiveness of a conventional oral hygiene care programme (COHCP) and an advanced oral hygiene care programme (AOHCP) on prevalence and viable counts of oral opportunistic pathogens among patients undergoing stroke rehabilitation.

Methods: A total of 94 patients were randomized to two groups. Subjects were block randomized to either (a) COHCP: manual toothbrushing with oral hygiene instruction (OHI); or (b) AOHCP: powered toothbrushing, mouthrinsing with chlorhexidine and OHI.

One-time versus repeated abutment connection for platform-switched implant: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: This review aims to compare peri-implant tissue changes in terms of clinical and radiographic aspects of implant restoration protocol using one-time abutment to repeated abutment connection in platform switched implant.

Method: A structured search strategy was applied to three electronic databases, namely, Pubmed, Embase and Web of Science. Eight eligible studies, including seven randomised controlled studies and one controlled clinical study, were identified in accordance with inclusion/exclusion criteria.

Oral health-related quality of life in patients with stroke: a randomized clinical trial of oral hygiene care during outpatient rehabilitation.

This study was to evaluate the effectiveness of oral hygiene care in improving oral health- and health-related quality of life (OHRQoL and HRQoL) among patients receiving outpatient stroke rehabilitation. Subjects were randomized to: (1) a conventional oral hygiene care programme (COHCP) comprising a manual toothbrush, and oral hygiene instruction, or (2) an advanced oral hygiene care programme (AOHCP) comprising a powered toothbrush, 0.2% chlorhexidine mouthrinse, and oral hygiene instruction.

A randomized clinical trial of oral hygiene care programmes during stroke rehabilitation.

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of an advanced oral hygiene care programme (AOHCP) and a conventional oral hygiene care programme (COHCP) in improving oral hygiene, and reducing gingival bleeding among patients with stroke during outpatient rehabilitation.

Methods: Subjects were randomized to receive (i) the COHCP comprising a manual toothbrush, toothpaste, and oral hygiene instruction, or (ii) the AOHCP comprising a powered toothbrush, 0.2% chlorhexidine mouthrinse, toothpaste, and oral hygiene instruction.

A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical, microbiological, and behavioural aspects of oral health among patients with stroke.

Objective: The objective of this study was to review clinical, microbiological, and immunological aspects of oral health, as well as oral health related behaviours among patients following stroke.

Data Sources: A structured search strategy was applied to three electronic databases to identify relevant papers.

Study Selection: The initial search yielded 19,927 papers, 60 potentially relevant studies (Kappa: 0.