Antimicrobial and cleaning effects of ultrasonic-mediated plasma-loaded microbubbles on Enterococcus faecalis biofilm: an in vitro study.

Background: Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) is the most frequently isolated bacteria from teeth with root canal treatment failure. This study aims to evaluate the disinfection effect of ultrasonic-mediated cold plasma-loaded microbubbles (PMBs) on 7d E.

Ultrasound-Activated Nanodroplet Disruption of the Biofilm in Dental Root Canal.

Conventional methods used to control bacterial biofilm infection in root canals have poor efficacy, causing repeated and chronic infections, which pose a great challenge to clinical treatment. Microbubbles, due to their small size and ultrasound (US)-enhanced cavitation effects, have attracted considerable clinical attention. They possess the potential for therapeutic application in restricted spaces.