Progress on the mechanism of action of emodin against breast cancer cells.

At present, the role of active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine in tumor therapy has gradually attracted people's attention, and anthraquinones, which are structurally similar to adriamycin and epirubicin, are one of the hotspots of research. Emodin (1,3,8-trihydroxy-6-methylanthraquinone) is a natural anthraquinone compound isolated from rhubarb, Polygonum cuspidatum, and aloe vera. In recent years, emodin has received widespread attention for its remarkable anti-tumor effects, and its anti-breast cancer effects are manifested as induction of apoptosis, inhibition of tumor cell proliferation, inhibition of invasion and metastasis of tumor cells, and anti-tumor drug resistance.

Neurological development in children born moderately or late preterm: national cohort study.

Objective: To assess long term neurodevelopmental outcomes of children born at different gestational ages, particularly 32-33 weeks (moderately preterm) and 34-36 weeks (late preterm), compared with 39-40 weeks (full term).

Design: Nationwide cohort study.

Setting: Sweden.

Association of maternal snuff use and smoking with Sudden Infant Death Syndrome: a national register study.

Background: The aim was to study whether non-combustible nicotine (Swedish snuff) use in pregnancy is associated with elevated risk of post neonatal mortality, Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS), and Sudden Unexpected Infant Death (SUID) and to study how cessation before the antenatal booking influenced these risks.

Methods: This was a population-based register study of all infants with information on tobacco exposure in early pregnancy born in Sweden 1999-2019, n = 2,061,514. Self-reported tobacco use in early pregnancy was categorized as nonuse, snuff use, and moderate and heavy smoking.

Amplicon sequencing-based carrier screening for 170 monogenic disorders among children with abnormal LC-MS/MS results.

Background: Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has been suggested as a second-tier diagnostic test for newborn screening, which could help identify the carrier status of hundreds monogenic disorders with wider spectrum and earlier stage.

Methods: Among the 1087 children (age from 27 min to 14 years old) underwent liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), 290 individuals who had at least one abnormal value of LC-MS/MS measurements were sent for amplicon sequencing-based carrier screening (targeting 141 genes for 170 monogenic disorders). Multiplex polymerase chain reaction was used for amplicon capture and library preparation, the NextSeq 500 NGS platform (Illumina PE150) was used for sequencing.

Impact of gestational age on risk of cerebral palsy: unravelling the role of neonatal morbidity.

Background: The contribution of adverse consequences of preterm birth to gestational-age-related risk of cerebral palsy (CP) has rarely been studied. We aimed to assess the potential mediating roles of neonatal morbidity on the association between gestational age and risk of CP.

Methods: In this Swedish population-based study, 1 402 240 singletons born at 22-40 gestational weeks during 1998-2016 were followed from day 28 after birth for a CP diagnosis until 2017.

Mediterranean diet and depression: a population-based cohort study.

Background: Depression imposes immense public health burden, demonstrating an urgent need of the identification of modifiable risk factors. Only a few cohort studies have analyzed the association between Mediterranean dietary pattern (MDP) and depression but with mixed results. We examined the impact of MDP on clinically ascertained depression in a large population-based dataset.

Neonatal Morbidities in Infants Born Late Preterm at 35-36 Weeks of Gestation: A Swedish Nationwide Population-based Study.

Objective: To assess risk for neonatal morbidities among infants born late preterm at 35-36 gestational weeks, early term (37-38 weeks), and late-term (41 weeks) infants, compared with full-term (39-40 weeks) infants.

Study Design: This nationwide population-based cohort study included 1 650 450 non-malformed liveborn singleton infants born at 35-41 weeks between 1998 and 2016 in Sweden. The relative risks for low Apgar score (0-3) at 5 minutes; respiratory, metabolic, infectious, and neurologic morbidities; and severe neonatal morbidity (composite outcome) were adjusted for maternal, pregnancy, delivery, and infant characteristics.

Chinese pediatric Tuina on children with acute diarrhea: a randomized sham-controlled trial.

Background: Pediatric Tuina has been widely used in children with acute diarrhea in China. However, due to the lack of high-quality clinical evidence, the benefit of Tuina as a therapy is not clear. We aimed to assess the effect of pediatric Tuina compared with sham Tuina as an add-on therapy in addition to usual care for 0-6-year-old children with acute diarrhea.

Association between telomere length and Parkinson's disease: a Mendelian randomization study.

In this study, we examined the potential association of telomere length with Parkinson's disease (PD) using the publicly available genome-wide association study summary statistics from the International Parkinson's Disease Genomics Consortium involving up to 37,688 patients with PD and 449,056 controls in Mendelian randomization framework. The Mendelian randomization approach has the potential to investigate a causal relationship between a risk factor and a disease, avoiding confounding and reverse causation that often present in conventional epidemiological studies. We did not find that longer telomeres were associated with higher risks of PD (odds ratio: 1.

Maternal body mass index in early pregnancy and severe asphyxia-related complications in preterm infants.

Background: Little is known about the associations between maternal body mass index (BMI) and asphyxia-related morbidity in preterm infants (<37 weeks). We aimed to investigate associations between maternal BMI in early pregnancy and severe asphyxia-related neonatal complications in preterm infants (<37 weeks) and to examine whether possible associations were mediated by overweight- or obesity-related complications.

Methods: In this Swedish population-based cohort of 62 499 singleton non-malformed preterm infants born from 1997 to 2011, risks of low Apgar scores (0-3) at 5 and 10 minutes, neonatal seizures and intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH) were estimated through two analytical approaches.

Risk of intellectual disability in children born appropriate-for-gestational-age at term or post-term: impact of birth weight for gestational age and gestational age.

Children born small for gestational age have a higher risk of intellectual disability. We investigated associations of birth weight for gestational age percentile and gestational age with risk of intellectual disability in appropriate-for-gestational-age (AGA) children. We included 828,948 non-malformed term or post-term AGA singleton children (including 429,379 full siblings) born between 1998 and 2009 based on data from the Swedish Medical Birth Register.

Marital status, telomere length and cardiovascular disease risk in a Swedish prospective cohort.

Objective: To investigate if marital status is associated with risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and to explore the potential influence of leucocyte telomere length (LTL), a marker of biological ageing, on such association.

Design: Population-based prospective cohort study SETTINGS: Swedish Twin Registry.

Participants: Based on the Screening Across the Lifespan Twin Study from the Swedish Twin Registry, we included 10 058 twins born between 1900 and 1958 who underwent an interview between 1998 and 2002 during which information about marital status was collected.

No increased risk of short-term complications after radical cystectomy for muscle-invasive bladder cancer among patients treated with preoperative chemotherapy: a nation-wide register-based study.

Purpose: Preoperative chemotherapy is underused in conjunction with radical cystectomy (RC) for muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) due to concerns for complications and delay of surgery. Prospective data on short-term complications from population-based settings with frequent use of preoperative chemotherapy and standardised reporting of complications is lacking.

Methods: We identified 1,340 patients who underwent RC between 2011 and 2015 in Sweden due to MIBC according to the Swedish Cystectomy Register.

Low stress resilience in late adolescence and risk of smoking, high alcohol consumption and drug use later in life.

Background: While compromised stress resilience constitutes a recognised risk factor for somatic and psychiatric disease development in general, the knowledge about how individual variation in vulnerability to stress may specifically influence the long-term risks of disadvantageous health behaviours is limited.

Methods: In this Swedish cohort study, we aimed to investigate the association between stress resilience in late adolescence and adult use of addictive substances. We included 9381 men with information on psychological stress resilience measured during military conscription examinations, who later responded to an extensive health survey (mean age 34.

Pregnancy As a Risk Factor for Small Bowel Obstruction After Laparoscopic Gastric Bypass Surgery.

Objective: To evaluate whether pregnancy is associated with increased risk for small bowel obstruction after laparoscopic gastric bypass surgery.

Background: Small bowel obstruction is a common and feared long-term complication to laparoscopic gastric bypass surgery that may be more common during pregnancy. It is unclear if the risk truly increases during pregnancy.

Impact of parental cancer on IQ, stress resilience, and physical fitness in young men.

Background: A parental cancer diagnosis is a stressful life event, potentially leading to increased risks of mental and physical problems among children. This study aimed to investigate the associations of parental cancer with IQ, stress resilience, and physical fitness of the affected men during early adulthood.

Materials And Methods: In this Swedish population-based study, we included 465,249 men born during 1973-1983 who underwent the military conscription examination around the age of 18 years.

Childhood Bereavement and Lower Stress Resilience in Late Adolescence.

Purpose: Although childhood traumatic experiences are recognized as important determinants for adolescent psychiatric health in general, our objective was to explore the specific influence of childhood bereavement on the stress resilience development trajectory.

Methods: In this national register-based cohort study, we identified 407,639 men born in Sweden between 1973 and 1983, who underwent compulsory military enlistment examinations in late adolescence, including measures of psychological stress resilience. We defined exposure as loss of a first-degree family member in childhood, and estimated relative risk ratios (RRRs) for reduced (moderate or low), compared with high, stress resilience with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) using multinomial logistic regression.

Psychiatric disorders among children of parents with cancer: A Swedish register-based matched cohort study.

Objective: To investigate the risk of psychiatric disorders among children of parents with cancer in a nationwide population-based setting.

Methods: Based on Swedish national registers, the study included 101 339 children with parental cancer diagnosed either during pregnancy (N = 1047) or after birth (N = 100 292) that were born during 1983 to 2000. For each exposed child, we randomly selected 10 unexposed children from the general population after individual matching by year of birth and sex.

No association between hair cortisol or cortisone and brain morphology in children.

Little is known about the relationship between the long-term hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis functioning and brain structure in children. Glucocorticoid in hair has emerged as an important biomarker of HPA activity. In this study, we investigated the associations of hair cortisol and cortisone concentrations with brain morphology in young children.

Childhood injury after a parental cancer diagnosis.

A parental cancer diagnosis is psychologically straining for the whole family. We investigated whether a parental cancer diagnosis is associated with a higher-than-expected risk of injury among children by using a Swedish nationwide register-based cohort study. Compared to children without parental cancer, children with parental cancer had a higher rate of hospital contact for injury during the first year after parental cancer diagnosis (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.

Parental cancer diagnosis and child mortality--a population-based cohort study in Sweden.

Objective: Cancer diagnosis is known to induce severe psychological stress for the diagnosed patients; however, how it affects the next-of-kin is less well documented. This study aimed to assess the impact of parental cancer on the risk of childhood death.

Methods: A population-based cohort study was conducted using the Swedish national registries, including 2,871,242 children followed during the period of 1991-2009.

Sleep duration and abnormal serum lipids: the China Health and Nutrition Survey.

Objective: To examine the associations between sleep duration and total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), apolipoprotein B (ApoB), apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1), and lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)].

Methods: The present study analyzed 8574 adults from the China Health and Nutrition Survey (2009). Sleep duration was classified into < or = 6, 7, 8, 9, and > or = 10 h.