XYLEM NAC DOMAIN 1 (EjXND1) relieves cold-induced lignification by negatively regulating the EjHB1-EjPRX12 module in loquat fruit.

Introduction: Lignin is a principal constituent of the secondary cell wall, which plays a role in both plant growth and defensing against stress, such as low temperature and pest infestation. Additionally, it also accumulates in fleshy fruits and negatively affects fruit quality. Red-fleshed loquat is temperature sensitive and exhibits cold-induced lignification.

The transcription factor EjNAC5 regulates loquat fruit chilling lignification.

Changes in both lignin biosynthesis and DNA methylation have been reported to be associated with chilling stress in plants. When stored at low temperatures, red-fleshed loquat is prone to lignification, with increased lignin content and fruit firmness, which has deleterious effects on taste and eating quality. Here, we found that 5 °C storage mitigated the increasing firmness and lignin content of red-fleshed 'Dahongpao' ('DHP') loquat fruit that occurred during 0 °C storage.

Plasma From Older Children in Malawi Inhibits Plasmodium falciparum Binding in 3-Dimensional Brain Microvessels.

A hallmark of cerebral malaria is sequestration of Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes (IEs) in the brain microcirculation. Antibodies contribute to malaria immunity, but it remains unclear whether functional antibodies targeting parasite-expressed ligand can block cytoadhesion in the brain. Here, we screened the plasma of older children and young adults in Malawi to characterize the antibody response against the P.

Probing cerebral malaria inflammation in 3D human brain microvessels.

Sequestration of Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes (IEs) in the brain microcirculation is a hallmark of cerebral malaria (CM), which leads to endothelial activation, brain swelling, and death. Here, we probed CM inflammation in a perfusable 3D human brain microvessel model. 3D brain microvessels supported in vivo-like capacities for parasite binding and maturation in situ, leading to a distinct inflammatory response from the pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α).

Genome assembly of wild loquat () and resequencing provide new insights into the genomic evolution and fruit domestication in loquat.

Wild loquats ( Lindl.) provide remarkable genetic resources for studying domestication and breeding improved varieties. Herein, we generate the first high-quality chromosome-level genome assembly of wild loquat, with 45 791 predicted protein-coding genes.

Genome-wide analysis of the gene family and the role of in regulating flowering in loquat ().

The WUSCHEL (WUS)-related homeobox () gene family plays a crucial role in stem cell maintenance, apical meristem formation, embryonic development, and various other developmental processes. However, the identification and function of genes have not been reported in perennial loquat. In this study, 18 genes were identified in the loquat genome.

Quantitative Imaging of Intracellular Density with Ratiometric Stimulated Raman Scattering Microscopy.

Cell size and density are tightly controlled in mammalian cells. They impact a wide range of physiological functions, including osmoregulation, tissue homeostasis, and growth regulation. Compared to size, density variation for a given cell type is typically much smaller, implying that cell-type-specific density plays an important role in cell function.

Research on the Influence of Tolerance of Opportunistic Behaviors of Channel Boundaries on the Choice of Response Strategies.

In the Chinese society, border agents in channel transactions will choose different opportunistic behavior response strategies to the tolerance of other members based on the relationship between the two parties. Based on 206 valid questionnaires collected, structural equation model and regression analysis were used to investigate the influence of opportunistic behavior tolerance on response strategy selection. The results show that the channel boundary personnel's tolerance to opportunistic behavior (based on work or personal) negatively influences their choice of a positive response strategy and positively influences their choice of a negative response strategy.

In vivo simultaneous nonlinear absorption Raman and fluorescence (SNARF) imaging of mouse brain cortical structures.

Label-free multiphoton microscopy is a powerful platform for biomedical imaging. Recent advancements have demonstrated the capabilities of transient absorption microscopy (TAM) for label-free quantification of hemoglobin and stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscopy for pathological assessment of label-free virtual histochemical staining. We propose the combination of TAM and SRS with two-photon excited fluorescence (TPEF) to characterize, quantify, and compare hemodynamics, vessel structure, cell density, and cell identity in vivo between age groups.

A Versatile Deep Learning Architecture for Classification and Label-Free Prediction of Hyperspectral Images.

Hyperspectral imaging is a technique that provides rich chemical or compositional information not regularly available to traditional imaging modalities such as intensity imaging or color imaging based on the reflection, transmission, or emission of light. Analysis of hyperspectral imaging often relies on machine learning methods to extract information. Here, we present a new flexible architecture, the U-within-U-Net, that can perform classification, segmentation, and prediction of orthogonal imaging modalities on a variety of hyperspectral imaging techniques.

Real-Time Microscale Temperature Imaging by Stimulated Raman Scattering.

Microscale thermometry of aqueous solutions is essential to understand the dynamics of local heat generation and dissipation in chemical and biological systems. A wide variety of fluorescent probes have been developed to map temperature changes with submicrometer resolution, but they often suffer from the uncertainty associated with microenvironment-dependent fluorescent properties. In this work, we develop a label-free ratiometric stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) microscopy technique to quantify microscale temperature by monitoring the O-H Raman stretching modes of water.

An Integrative Analysis of Transcriptome, Proteome and Hormones Reveals Key Differentially Expressed Genes and Metabolic Pathways Involved in Flower Development in Loquat.

Flower development is a vital developmental process in the life cycle of woody perennials, especially fruit trees. Herein, we used transcriptomic, proteomic, and hormone analyses to investigate the key candidate genes/proteins in loquat () at the stages of flower bud differentiation (FBD), floral bud elongation (FBE), and floral anthesis (FA). Comparative transcriptome analysis showed that differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were mainly enriched in metabolic pathways of hormone signal transduction and starch and sucrose metabolism.

Expression Pattern and Functional Characterization of Ortholog Associated With the Formation of Petaloid Sepals in Double-Flower (Rosaceae).

Double-flower , of which one phenotype is homeotic transformation of sepals into petals, is a new germplasm for revealing the molecular mechanisms underlying the floral organ transformation. Herein, we analyzed the sequence, expression pattern and functional characterization of , which encoded a B-class floral homeotic protein referred to as ortholog, from genetically cognate single-flower and double-flower . Phylogenetic analysis suggested that the gene was assigned to the rosids PI/GLO lineage.