Publications by authors named "Ruogu Gao"

Article Synopsis
  • Niacin, an agonist of the hydroxycarboxylic acid receptor 2 (HCA2), has been used for a long time to treat dyslipidemia but commonly causes skin flushing as a side effect.
  • Researchers have been trying to find new HCA2-targeting agents that lower lipids without adverse effects, although the exact signaling mechanisms of HCA2 have not been well understood.
  • This study presents the detailed structures of HCA2-G complexed with the agonist MK-6892 and in its inactive state, shedding light on how HCA2 activates and signals, which could help in developing new treatments targeting this receptor.
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Inhibition of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) cell wall assembly is an established strategy for anti-TB chemotherapy. Arabinosyltransferase EmbB, which catalyzes the transfer of arabinose from the donor decaprenyl-phosphate-arabinose (DPA) to its arabinosyl acceptor is an essential enzyme for Mtb cell wall synthesis. Analysis of drug resistance mutations suggests that EmbB is the main target of the front-line anti-TB drug, ethambutol.

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The arabinosyltransferases EmbA, EmbB, and EmbC are involved in cell wall synthesis and are recognized as targets for the anti-tuberculosis drug ethambutol. In this study, we determined cryo-electron microscopy and x-ray crystal structures of mycobacterial EmbA-EmbB and EmbC-EmbC complexes in the presence of their glycosyl donor and acceptor substrates and with ethambutol. These structures show how the donor and acceptor substrates bind in the active site and how ethambutol inhibits arabinosyltransferases by binding to the same site as both substrates in EmbB and EmbC.

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We report a 3.5-angstrom-resolution cryo-electron microscopy structure of a respiratory supercomplex isolated from It comprises a complex III dimer flanked on either side by individual complex IV subunits. Complex III and IV associate so that electrons can be transferred from quinol in complex III to the oxygen reduction center in complex IV by way of a bridging cytochrome subunit.

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