Xanthohumol attenuates TXNIP-mediated renal tubular injury in vitro and in vivo diabetic models.

Thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP), as a pivotal protein in the cellular stress response, plays a significant role in the progression of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Consequently, therapeutic strategies aimed at targeting TXNIP may offer novel interventions for patients with DN. Our study is to explore the therapeutic potential of targeting TXNIP in mitigating renal tubular injury induced by hyperglycemia.

The association of weight-adjusted waist index with the risk of osteoporosis in patients with type 2 diabetes: a cross-sectional study.

Background: The relationship between obesity and type 2 diabetes with bone health has always been a topic of debate. The weight-adjusted waist index has become a commonly used indicator for assessing central obesity, fat, and muscle mass. However, currently there is no research reporting the association between weight-adjusted waist index and risk of osteoporosis in populations of type 2 diabetes.

The association of waist circumference with bone mineral density and risk of osteoporosis in US adult: National health and nutrition examination survey.

Purpose: Obesity and osteoporosis (OP) are receiving increasing attention. Waist circumference (WC) is an effective indicator for assessing central obesity. Currently, there is controversy regarding the relationship between WC and bone mineral density (BMD), as well as OP.

Liddle syndrome presenting with normal aldosterone levels: A case report.

Introduction: Liddle syndrome is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by hypertension, hypokalemia, low aldosterone levels, and reduced renin activity. Atypical Liddle syndrome can be easily misdiagnosed due to its clinical phenotypes resembling hyperaldosteronism.

Patient Concern: The patient was diagnosed with primary aldosteronism due to hypertension and hypokalemia, and underwent left adrenalectomy.

Trabecular bone score in type 1 diabetes: a meta-analysis of cross-sectional studies.

Background: Bone fragility is a recognized complication of type 1 diabetes (T1D). Thus, lower trabecular bone score (TBS) measurements in T1D patients can be predicted. However, the results of current studies on TBS in patients with T1D are inconsistent.

The association between prediabetes and bone mineral density: A meta-analysis.

Background: Prediabetes is an intermediate metabolic state between euglycaemia and diabetes, including three different definitions: impaired fasting glucose, impaired glucose tolerance, and mildly elevated glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) (range 5.7%-6.4%).

Effect of SGLT-2 inhibitors on body composition in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Objective: Type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) is closely related to sarcopenic obesity(SO). Body composition measurement including body weight, body mass index, waist circumference, percentage body fat, fat mass, muscle mass, visceral adipose tissue and subcutaneus adipose tissue, plays a key role in evaluating T2DM and SO. The weight reduction effect of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2(SGLT-2) inhibitors has been demonstrated.

A Three-gene-based Type 1 Diabetes Diagnostic Signature.

Background: Type 1 diabetes is a chronic autoimmune disease featured by insulin deprivation caused by pancreatic β-cell loss, followed by hyperglycaemia.

Objective: Currently, there is no cure for this disease in clinical treatment, and patients have to accept a lifelong injection of insulin. The exploration of potential diagnosis biomarkers through analysis of mass data by bioinformatics tools and machine learning is important for type 1 diabetes.

Treatment of refractory gout with TNF-α antagonist etanercept combined with febuxostat.

A male patient, diagnosed as acute gouty arthritis with hypertension, gastrointestinal fungal infection, gastric ulcer, and other diseases, received the following treatment: low purine diet, alkalization of urine, omeprazole to inhibit gastric acid secretion, low-dose colchicine to relieve joint pain, febuxostat to reduce uric acid synthesis, losartan potassium to reduce blood pressure, atorvastatin calcium tablet to lower lipid, cefmendoxime proxetil to resist infection, and TNF-α antagonist etanercept 25 mg subcutaneous injection two times a week (with 72 hours interval) for two weeks. As a result, the patient responded well to TNF antagonist etanercept. The joint pain was significantly relieved one day after treatment and completely relieved after five days.

IRS-1 targets TAZ to inhibit adipogenesis of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells through PI3K-Akt and MEK-ERK pathways.

Gene modification of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) offers a promising approach for clinical stem cell therapy. Transcriptional co-activator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ) plays a vital role in MSCs' differentiation. We aim to explore the interaction of insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) with TAZ to regulate MSCs' adipogenesis in this study.