Combined Effects of Fluoride and Dietary Seleno-L-Methionine at Environmentally Relevant Concentrations on Female Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Liver: Histopathological Damages, Oxidative Stress and Inflammation.

Fluoride, a global environmental pollutant, is ubiquitous in aquatic environments and coexists with selenium, which can cause complex effects on exposed organisms. However, data on the interaction of fluoride and selenium remain scarce. In this study, female zebrafish (Danio rerio) were exposed to fluoride (80 mg/L sodium fluoride) and/or dietary selenomethionine (Se-Met) for 30, 60 and 90 days, the effects on the liver of zebrafish were investigated.

One-Dimensional Frenkel Chain Defects in CsBiTe.

Understanding the detailed process of spontaneous formation of intrinsic defects and their ability to tune the electronic structures in functional materials has become a key prerequisite for their technological applications. Here, by using scanning tunneling microscopy, we report the observation of one-dimensional Frenkel chain defects on the cleaved CsBiTe surface due to the migration of Te atoms for the first time. Further scanning tunneling spectroscopy measurements clearly revealed a self-electron doping effect of the Frenkel chain defects, which could directly affect their thermoelectric and superconducting properties.

Large-area, periodic, and tunable intrinsic pseudo-magnetic fields in low-angle twisted bilayer graphene.

A properly strained graphene monolayer or bilayer is expected to harbour periodic pseudo-magnetic fields with high symmetry, yet to date, a convincing demonstration of such pseudo-magnetic fields has been lacking, especially for bilayer graphene. Here, we report a definitive experimental proof for the existence of large-area, periodic pseudo-magnetic fields, as manifested by vortex lattices in commensurability with the moiré patterns of low-angle twisted bilayer graphene. The pseudo-magnetic fields are strong enough to confine the massive Dirac electrons into circularly localized pseudo-Landau levels, as observed by scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy, and also corroborated by tight-binding calculations.