Integrated Biological Control Strategies for Citrus Rust Mites: Distribution, Impact on Mandarin Quality, and the Efficacy of .

Citrus rust mites ( Ashmead) are a major pest in citrus orchards, significantly affecting fruit quality and yield. Effective management of these mites is crucial for maintaining the economic viability of citrus production. This study investigated the ecological distribution of citrus rust mites and their natural predator, , in a mandarin orchard in Zengcheng District, Guangzhou City, of China.

Interactions with Diverse Insect Hosts: From Reproductive Modulations to Sustainable Pest Management Strategies.

Effective in a variety of insect orders, including dipteran, lepidopteran, and hemipteran, -based control tactics are investigated, noting the importance of sterile and incompatible insect techniques. Encouraging approaches for controlling mosquitoes are necessary, as demonstrated by the evaluation of a new SIT/IIT combination and the incorporation of SIT into management. For example, may protect plants from rice pests, demonstrating its potential for agricultural biological vector management.

Effect of tree height and spraying methods on Diaphorina citri kuwayama endosymbionts in the context of Huanglongbing disease management in citrus orchards.

Background: Huanglongbing (HLB) (caused by Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus) is the most damaging disease of citrus around the world. This study investigated the effects of citrus tree height on Diaphorina citri Kuwayama mortality, endosymbiont responses, and HLB distribution.

Results: The results reveal that the age of citrus trees plays a significant role in psyllid mortality.

Development of Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Method for Rapid and Sensitive Identification of (Diptera: Stratiomyidae).

The black soldier fly (BSF) is well known for its ability to biologically convert organic waste into insect biomass, including protein and oil, which can be utilised as animal feed. Since raw BSF products, such as BSF powder, are difficult to differentiate from other biological raw materials, therefore new analytical approaches are required. In this study, we have developed a new and fast method based on loop-mediated isothermal AMPlification (LAMP) reaction that can diagnose black soldier fly larvae and BSF byproducts with high accuracy, specificity and sensitivity.

Saliva-Mediated Contrasting Effects of Two Citrus Aphid Species on Asian Citrus Psyllid Feeding Behavior and Plant Jasmonic Acid Pathway.

While herbivorous insect saliva plays a crucial role in the interaction between plants and insects, its role in the inter-specific interactions between herbivorous insects has received little attention. Pre-infestation of citrus plants with Patch and () (Kirkaldy) exhibited positive and negative effects on the performance (feeding and reproduction) of Kuwayama. We explored the role of saliva in this plant-mediated interaction by infiltrating fresh and boiled aphid saliva into plants and detecting feeding behavior and citrus plant defense response.

Vermicompost Amendments Disrupt Feeding Behavior of Kuwayama and Boost Activities of Salicylic Acid and Jasmonic Acid Pathway-Related Enzymes in Citrus.

Plants grown with vermicompost amendments are known to be harmful to sap-sucking insects, but the underlying mechanism remains to be determined. Here we investigated the feeding behavior of Kuwayama on (L.) Burm.

Two new synonyms among Panchaetothripinae (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) with three species newly recorded from China.

Helionothrips mube and Panchaetothrips bifurcus are here recognized as new synonyms of Helionothrips aino and Panchaetothrips timonii based on large numbers of specimens and continuous morphological differences. Three species, Caliothrips insularis, Hercinothrips femoralis and Phibalothrips rugosus are newly recorded from China and the previous record of Caliothrips indicus from China is here considered incorrect. Illustrations of males and larvae of Hercinothrips femoralis are also provided.

Assessing the Bacterial Communities Composition from Differently Treated Agarwood via 16S rRNA Gene Metabarcoding.

Agarwood () is one of the most important resin-containing plants used to produce agar around the world and it is a precious herbal medicine usually combined with other herbs. In this study, we used the Illumina sequencing technique to explore the agarwood bacterial community structure from four different incense formations of agarwood, including healthy agarwood, drilling agarwood, liquid fermentation agarwood, and insect attack agarwood. Our results showed that 20 samples of three different incense-formation methods of agarwood and healthy agarwood acquired 1,792,706 high-quality sequences.

Plant jasmonic acid mediated contrasting effects of two citrus aphid species on Diaphorina citri Kuwayama.

Background: Herbivores may influence each other directly and through plant mediated inter-specific interactions. The Asian citrus psyllid (Diaphorina citri Kuwayama) and citrus aphids are key pests that can co-exist on citrus, but their plant-mediated interaction between them is unknown. Here we investigated plant-mediated effect of two citrus aphid species, the polyphagous Aphis spiraecola Patch and the oligophagous Aphis (Toxoptera) citricidus (Kirkaldy) on the feeding behavior and reproduction of Diaphorina citri, and explored the underlying mechanisms.

First description of males of Ensiferothrips wallacei Mound amp; Tree (Thripidae: Dendrothripinae) with variation in fore wing setae.

The genus Ensiferothrips now includes four described species, it is similar to Dendrothrips in the structure of the abdominal tergites and hind coxae, also the position of the fore wing cilia, but the wing apex bears a stout seta, and the costal setae are very stout. It was originally known from New Caledonia based on a single species, E. primus Bianchi, but subsequently E.

Thysanoptera as predators: their diversity and significance as biological control agents.

Some species of thrips have evolved predatory behaviours, with their reported prey range including thrips, mites, scale-insects, whitefly, psyllid nymphs, and eggs of moths and beetles. However, our current understanding of the biology and potential of these thrips as biological control agents is insufficient, limiting our understanding of their role in pest management. This paper assesses published information on the diversity of predatory thrips and the available biological data on their diet breadth.

A Review of (Thysanoptera: Aeolothripidae): Life History, Distribution, and Prospects as a Biological Control Agent.

Predatory species comprise a small but important and often overlooked component of the Thysanoptera. A case in point, the ant-mimicking are widely distributed in the tropics and are considered important generalist natural enemies for thrips and some other small arthropod prey. present an addition to biocontrol applications, i.

Species (Thymelaeaceae) Distribution, Volatile and Non-Volatile Phytochemicals, Pharmacological Uses, Agarwood Grading System, and Induction Methods.

Agarwood is a highly valuable fragrant wood of spp. (Thymelaeaceae) which has been widely utilized in traditional medicine, religious rites, and cultural activities. This study summarizes a review on the identification of cultivars, volatile and non-volatile phytochemicals, pharmacological uses, and agarwood grading system to determine its quality, and different agarwood induction methods.

An uncharacterized protein from the metagenome with no obvious homology to known lipases shows excellent alkaline lipase properties and potential applications in the detergent industry.

A novel lipase, Lip486, which has no obvious homology with known lipases, was discovered using functional metagenomics technology. Phylogenetic tree analysis suggested that the enzyme belongs to a new subfamily called lipolytic enzyme family II. To explore the enzymatic properties, lip486 was expressed heterologously and efficiently in Escherichia coli.

Diamondback Moth Larvae Trigger Host Plant Volatiles that Lure Its Adult Females for Oviposition.

The diamondback moth (DBM) is a destructive pest of crucifer crops. In this study, DBM larvae shown to herbivore induced plant volatiles (HIPVs) that were attractive to adult females exposed in a Y-tube olfactometer. Our results showed that olfactory responses of adult females to HIPVs induced by third instar larvae feeding on Barbarea vulgaris were significantly higher (20.

Asymmetric Interaction between and on Sweet Orange Induced by Pre-Infestation.

Indirect interactions between herbivorous insects that share the same host have been focused on insects feeding on herbaceous plants, while few studies investigate similar interactions on woody plants. We investigated performance and feeding behavior of two citrus aphids, Patch and Kirkaldy, on sweet orange as affected by prior infestation of conspecifics and heterospecifics. Results showed that pre-infestation-induced interactions between and were asymmetric, with gaining more fitness.

[Molecular cloning and characterization of a novel metagenome-derived bacterial perhydrolase].

The aim of this study is to obtain bacterial perhydrolases with chlorination activity, expands the resources of perhydrolases, and lays a foundation for it's industrial applications. We constructed a metagenomic library using environmental DNA isolated from sludge samples of a paper mill of Tanghe county, and identified a per822 gene encoding a bacteria perhydrolase via activity-based functional screening. Then, we overexpressed Per822 heterologously in Escherichia coli, and characterized the recombinant enzyme after purification.

Two new and one little-known damsel bug of the subfamily Prostemmatinae Reuter (Hemiptera, Heteroptera, Nabidae) from China.

Two damsel bugs belonging to two genera of the subfamily Prostemmatinae from China are reported as new to science: Alloeorhynchus (Alloeorhynchus) yunnanensis and The little-known species Alloeorhynchus (Alloeorhynchus) reinhardi Kerzhner & Günther, 1999 is redescribed. All species are illustrated in detail. Keys to the Chinese species of and are provided aid in identification.

Chromatographic Fingerprint and Quantitative Analysis of Commercial (Guang Dilong) and Its Adulterants by UPLC-DAD.

Guang Dilong is a Traditional Chinese Medicine prepared from the dried body of (E. Perrier), a species of earthworm. However, preparations of Guang Dilong may be adulterated by other species and a method of quality control is needed.

Specific and rapid identification of the by loop-mediated isothermal amplification.

Guang-dilong () is a traditional Chinese animal medicine that has been used for thousands of years in China. In the present study, we purposed to establish a new rapid identification method for Guang-dilong. We provided a useful technique, loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), to differentiate Guang-dilong from other species.

Improvement of enzyme activity and soluble expression of an alkaline protease isolated from oil-polluted mud flat metagenome by random mutagenesis.

A new protease gene (pro1437)was separated from an oil-polluted Mud flat metagenomic library. Pro1437 belongs to a peptidase M48 superfamily according to the results of sequence analysis, and it showed very low identities compared to other known proteases or peptidases. The error-prone PCR was used to introduce random mutations and improve the expression of pro1437.

Efficient yeast cell-surface display of an endoglucanase of Aspergillus flavus and functional characterization of the whole-cell enzyme.

The endoglucanase gene endo753 from Aspergillus flavus NRRL3357 strains was cloned, and the recombinant Endo753 was displayed on the cell surface of Saccharomyces cerevisiae EBY100 strain by the C-terminal fusion using Aga2p protein as anchor attachment tag. The results of indirect immunofluorescence and Western blot confirmed the expression and localization of Endo753 on the yeast cell surface. The hydrolytic activity test of the whole-cell enzyme revealed that Endo753 immobilized on the yeast cell surface had high endoglucanase activity.

An improved method of gene synthesis based on DNA works software and overlap extension PCR.

A bottleneck in recent gene synthesis technologies is the high cost of oligonucleotide synthesis and post-synthesis sequencing. In this article, a simple and rapid method for low-cost gene synthesis technology was developed based on DNAWorks program and an improved single-step overlap extension PCR (OE-PCR). This method enables any DNA sequence to be synthesized with few errors, then any mutated sites could be corrected by site-specific mutagenesis technology or PCR amplification-assembly method, which can amplify different DNA fragments of target gene followed by assembly into an entire gene through their overlapped region.