Selective sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 modulator attenuates blood-brain barrier disruption following traumatic brain injury by inhibiting vesicular transcytosis.

Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) provokes secondary pathological damage, such as damage to the blood-brain barrier (BBB), ischaemia and inflammation. Major facilitator superfamily domain-containing 2a (Mfsd2a) has been demonstrated to be critical in limiting the increase in BBB vesicle transcytosis following brain injury. Recent studies suggest that a novel and selective modulator of the sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1P1), CYM-5442, maintains the integrity of the BBB by restricting vesicle transcytosis during acute ischaemic stroke.

A cannabinoid receptor 2 agonist reduces blood-brain barrier damage via induction of MKP-1 after intracerebral hemorrhage in rats.

Background And Purpose: The blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption and the following development of brain edema, is the most life-threatening secondary injury after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). This study is to investigate a potential role and mechanism of JWH133, a selected cannabinoid receptor type2 (CB2R) agonist, on protecting blood-brain barrier integrity after ICH.

Methods: 192 adult male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into Sham; ICH + Vehicle; ICH + JWH 1.