Isolation and Characterization of a Novel Phage against Belonging to a New Genus.

causes substantial economic losses in the aquaculture industry. With the rise of multidrug-resistant strains, phages present a promising solution. Here, a novel lytic phage, vB_ValC_RH2G (RH2G), that efficiently infects the pathogenic strain ATCC 17749, was isolated from mixed wastewater from an aquatic market in Xiamen, China.

Dilemma and a way out for bacterial biofilm research.

Biofilm-associated infections (BAIs) are more common in clinical practice and have become a public health problem of global concern. We present our views on current research (detection methods, mechanism research, animal model construction, treatment strategies, etc.) on biofilms and BAIs, and discuss future developments concerning this important issue.

An attenuated multiple genetic mutant of Mycoplasma pneumoniae imparts good immuno-protection against M. pneumoniae pneumonia in BALB/c mice.

Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M. pneumoniae) is the causative agent of both upper and lower respiratory infections that can lead to pneumonia, extrapulmonary complications and devastating sequela. With the increasing rate of macrolide-resistant strains, the severe clinical consequence of refractory mycoplasma pneumonia in children health calls for the need of vaccine research for this pathogen.

Infections: Pathogenesis and Vaccine Development.

is a major causative agent of community-acquired pneumonia which can lead to both acute upper and lower respiratory tract inflammation, and extrapulmonary syndromes. Refractory pneumonia caused by can be life-threatening, especially in infants and the elderly. Here, based on a comprehensive review of the scientific literature related to the respective area, we summarize the virulence factors of and the major pathogenic mechanisms mediated by the pathogen: adhesion to host cells, direct cytotoxicity against host cells, inflammatory response-induced immune injury, and immune evasion.