Renal Protective Effects of Combination of Diltiazem and ACEI/ARB on the Progression of Diabetic Nephropathy: Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Strict control of blood sugar and maintenance of normal blood pressure levels are the standard treatments shown to delay the progression of diabetic nephropathy in type 2 diabetic patients. The recommended antihypertensive medications for diabetic nephropathy are angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) or angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARB). Previous studies have shown that a non-dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker (diltiazem) could reduce urinary protein excretion in type 2 diabetic patients.

An open label, randomized controlled study of oral calcitriol for the treatment of proteinuria in patients with diabetic kidney disease.

Background: The progression of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is highly correlated with proteinuria. Previous studies have suggested that vitamin D treatment may reduce proteinuria and has the potential to delay the progression of renal disease.

Objective: To evaluate efficacy of oral calcitriol to decrease proteinuria in type 2 diabetic mellitus (T2DM) patients with DKD.