Is there a multiplicative adverse effect of cardiovascular and kidney disease on neuropsychological measures?

Increasing age is accompanied by increased incidence and comorbidity of various chronic diseases. Many of these conditions, such as cardiovascular and kidney disease, can lead to declines in cognitive functioning. A simple additive effect may be commonly assumed.

Incremental contribution of reported previous head injury to the prediction of diagnosis and cognitive functioning in older adults.

Background: Severe brain injuries may be a risk factor for the development of dementia in later life. Less severe incidents with relatively short or even no loss of consciousness may not carry the same prognosis.

Objectives: This study used data from the first two waves of the Canadian Study of Health and Ageing (CSHA-1 and CSHA-2) to investigate two questions.

Predictors and sequelae of fractures in the elderly: the Canadian Study of Health and Aging (CSHA).

The objective of this study was to describe the incidence, type, risk factors, and sequelae of fractures experienced by community-dwelling elderly Canadians. Data are from the Canadian Study of Health and Aging (CSHA), a longitudinal cohort study, collected in three waves: baseline (1991), wave 2 (1996), and wave 3 (2001). In CSHA-2 (1996), fractures were reported by 3.