Pathologic function and therapeutic potential of extracellular vesicle miRNA in sepsis.

Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory response initiated by an infection, which can lead to multi-organ dysfunction. The pathophysiology of sepsis is complex, and treatment options are limited. Traditional antibiotic therapies have shown limitations, such as promoting the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and disrupting the natural microbiota.

Effects of rumen fluid and molasses on the nutrient composition, fermentation quality, and microflora of Caragana korshinskii Kom. silage.

The aim of this experiment was to investigate the effects of rumen fluid and molasses on the nutrient composition, fermentation quality, and microflora of Caragana korshinskii Kom. The trial included four treatments: a control group (CK) without additives and experimental groups supplemented with 7% rumen fluid (R), 4% molasses (M), and 7% rumen fluid + 4% molasses (RM). 15 days and 60 days of ensiling.

From waste to wealth: Exploring the effect of particle size on biopolymer harvesting from aerobic granular sludge.

This study aimed to examine the impact of aerobic granular sludge (AGS) sizes on its properties and alginate-like exopolymers (ALE) recovery potential. The AGS was cultivated in a lab-scale bioreactor and categorized into six size classes with 200 μm intervals. There appeared a critical size (400-800 μm) for developing stable AGS structure and excellent ALE recovery.

A label-free colorimetric aptasensor for rapid multiplex detection of leuco-malachite green and leuco-crystal violet.

Leuco-malachite green (LMG) and leuco-crystal violet (LCV) are widespread co-pollutants in aquatic products that pose a severe threat to human health. Therefore, it is urgent and challenging to develop rapid multiplex detection of LMG and LCV. Herein, the bispecific aptamer (A5b) for LMG and LCV was characterized.

SurfDock is a surface-informed diffusion generative model for reliable and accurate protein-ligand complex prediction.

Accurately predicting protein-ligand interactions is crucial for understanding cellular processes. We introduce SurfDock, a deep-learning method that addresses this challenge by integrating protein sequence, three-dimensional structural graphs and surface-level features into an equivariant architecture. SurfDock employs a generative diffusion model on a non-Euclidean manifold, optimizing molecular translations, rotations and torsions to generate reliable binding poses.

Effect of different training modalities on lipid metabolism in patients with type ii diabetes mellitus: a network meta-analysis.

Background/aims: This study to evaluate the effects of different training modalities on blood lipids in type II diabetic patients by Network Meta-analysis, and provide a relevant basis for patients to develop exercise prescriptions to regulate blood lipids.

Methods: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were retrieved from Zhiwang, Wanfang, Wipu, PubMed, EBSCO, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science that were published from the establishment to February 2023. Relevant statistical analyses were performed using Stata 17.

Dysregulation of the 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 enzyme and steroid hormone biosynthesis in chronic kidney disease.

Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) presents a critical global health challenge, marked by the progressive decline of renal function. This study explores the role of the 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 enzyme (HSD3B2) and the steroid hormone biosynthesis pathway in CKD pathogenesis and progression.

Methods: Using an adenine-induced CKD mouse model, we conducted an untargeted metabolomic analysis of plasma samples to identify key metabolite alterations associated with CKD.

From Life's Essential 8 to metabolic syndrome: insights from NHANES database and network pharmacology analysis of quercetin.

Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS), or syndrome X, is a collection of metabolic illnesses that affect the body's health, particularly insulin resistance and obesity. The prevalence of MetS is on the rise, particularly among younger individuals. Quercetin, a natural flavonoid found in many traditional Chinese medicines, can impact various pathways to disrupt the pathological advancement of MetS with few negative effects.

Target specification and therapeutic potential of extracellular vesicles for regulating corneal angiogenesis, lymphangiogenesis, and nerve repair.

Extracellular vesicles, including exosomes, are small extracellular vesicles that range in size from 30 nm to 10 μm in diameter and have specific membrane markers. They are naturally secreted and are present in various bodily fluids, including blood, urine, and saliva, and through the variety of their internal cargo, they contribute to both normal physiological and pathological processes. These processes include immune modulation, neuronal synapse formation, cell differentiation, cancer metastasis, angiogenesis, lymphangiogenesis, progression of infectious disease, and neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease.

A Case of Multiple Tongue Hamartomas with Cleft Palate: 7 Years of Follow-Up.

Hamartoma is a congenital benign lesion commonly found in the lungs, kidneys, colon, and other regions, but it is seldom seen in the oral cavity. Multiple hamartoma occurrences in the tongue are particularly rare. This article describes a 7-day-old female infant with multiple tongue tumors and a cleft palate, who had difficulty feeding and subsequently underwent tumor removal under general anesthesia.

Structural basis for the evolution and antibody evasion of SARS-CoV-2 BA.2.86 and JN.1 subvariants.

The Omicron subvariants of SARS-CoV-2, especially for BA.2.86 and JN.

Visual fluorescence detection of Listeria monocytogenes with CRISPR-Cas12a aptasensor.

Listeria monocytogenes (L. monocytogenes) is a prevalent food-borne pathogen that can cause listeriosis, which manifests as meningitis and other symptoms, potentially leading to fatal outcomes in severe cases. In this study, we developed an aptasensor utilizing carboxylated magnetic beads and Cas12a to detect L.

Meta-analysis and systematic review: burosumab as a promising treatment for children with X-linked hypophosphatemia.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of burosumab therapy in children with X-Linked Hypophosphatemia (XLH).

Materials And Methods: We systematically reviewed literature from PubMed, Web of Science, The Cochrane Library, and Embase up until January 2024, using EndNote Web for study organization. The Newcastle-Ottawa scale guided quality assessment, while Revman software was used for data analysis and visualization.

Down-regulation of PGAM5 attenuates spinal cord injury-induced neuronal injury by inhibiting ASK-1/p38/NF-kB signaling.

Introduction: The morbidity and mortality of spinal cord injury (SCI) are increasing year by year. It is of vital importance to ascertain the mechanism of SCI. Phosphoglycerate mutase family member 5 (PGAM5) is viewed as a molecular marker of SCI, but its specific role in SCI is elusive.

S100A9-TLR4 axis aggravates dry eye through the blockage of autophagy.

This research focused on how upregulation of S100A9 contributed to the pathogenesis of the dry eye disease (DED) and whether S100A9 served as a promising therapeutic target in DED. Public single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data of a lacrimal gland excision (LGE) murine DED model was analyzed. LGE model was established and expression of protein was measured through immunofluorescence and Western blot.

A Review of the Vaporization Behavior of Some Metal Elements in the LPBF Process.

Metal additive manufacturing technology has developed by leaps and bounds in recent years; selective laser melting technology is a major form in metal additive manufacturing, and its application scenarios are numerous. For example, it is involved in many fields including aerospace field, automotive, mechanical processing, and the nuclear industry. At the same time, it also indirectly provides more raw materials for all walks of life in our country.

Fine-tuning large language models for chemical text mining.

Extracting knowledge from complex and diverse chemical texts is a pivotal task for both experimental and computational chemists. The task is still considered to be extremely challenging due to the complexity of the chemical language and scientific literature. This study explored the power of fine-tuned large language models (LLMs) on five intricate chemical text mining tasks: compound entity recognition, reaction role labelling, metal-organic framework (MOF) synthesis information extraction, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) data extraction, and the conversion of reaction paragraphs to action sequences.

Effects of nanoselenium on the performance, blood indices, and milk metabolites of dairy cows during the peak lactation period.

To compare the impact of nanoselenium and sodium selenite on the performance, blood indices, and milk metabolites of dairy cows during the peak lactation period, two groups of dairy cows under the same conditions were selected as the control group (CON group) and treatment group (NSe group) for a 38-day (10 days for adaptation and 28 days for sampling) experiment. The control group (CON) was provided a basal diet +3.3 g/d of sodium selenite (purity1%), whereas the nanoselenium group (NSe) was offered the same diet +10 mL/d of nanoselenium (selenium concentration 1,500 mg/L).

Dexmedetomidine ameliorates x-ray-induced myocardial injury via alleviating cardiomyocyte apoptosis and autophagy.

Background: Radiotherapy is a primary local treatment for tumors, yet it may lead to complications such as radiation-induced heart disease (RIHD). Currently, there is no standardized approach for preventing RIHD. Dexmedetomidine (Dex) is reported to have cardio-protection effects, while its role in radiation-induced myocardial injury is unknown.

PLCβ4 driven by cadmium-exposure during gestation and lactation contributes to cognitive deficits by suppressing PIP2/PLCγ1/CREB/BDNF signaling pathway in male offspring.

The fetus and infants are particularly vulnerable to Cadmium (Cd) due to the immaturity of the blood-brain barrier. In utero and early life exposure to Cd is associated with cognitive deficits. Although such exposure has attracted widespread attention, its gender-specificity remains controversial, and there are no reports disclosing the underlying mechanism of gender‑specific neurotoxicity.

Effects of (L) and molasses (M) on nutrient composition, aerobic stability, and microflora of alfalfa silage in sandy grasslands.

The objective of this experiment was to investigate the effects of and molasses on the nutrient composition, fermentation quality, bacterial count, aerobic stability, and microflora of alfalfa silage in sandy grasslands. The experimental treatments included control (CK), 10 CFU/g (L), 5% molasses (M), and 10 CFU/g + 5% molasses (LM). The nutrient composition, fermentation quality, bacterial count, aerobic stability, and microflora were determined after 14 days and 56 days of ensiling, respectively.

A thermally reversible injectable adhesive for intestinal tissue repair and anti-postoperative adhesion.

Intestine damage is an acute abdominal disease that usually requires emergency sealing. However, traditional surgical suture not only causes secondary damage to the injured tissue, but also results in adhesion with other tissues in the abdominal cavity. To this end, a thermally reversible injectable gelatin-based hydrogel adhesive (GTPC) is constructed by introducing transglutaminase (TGase) and proanthocyanidins (PCs) into a gelatin system.