Orange-spotted grouper nervous necrosis virus-encoded protein A induces interferon expression via RIG-I/MDA5-MAVS-TBK1-IRF3 signaling in fish cells.

As a major pathogen, nervous necrosis virus (NNV) infects more than 120 fish species worldwide and is virulent to larvae and juvenile fish, hampering the development of the fish fry industry. Understanding virus-host interaction and underlying mechanisms is an important but largely unknown issue in fish virus studies. Here, using channel catfish ovary and fathead minnow cells as models for the study of innate immunity signaling, we found that NNV-encoded ProA activated interferon signaling via the retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I)-like receptor (RLR) pathway which was still suppressed by the infection of wild-type NNV.

Physical Resilience as a Predictor of Lifespan and Late-Life Health in Genetically Heterogeneous Mice.

Dynamic measures of resilience-the ability to resist and recover from a challenge-may be informative of the rate of aging before overt manifestations such as chronic disease, disability, and frailty. From this perspective mid-life resilience may predict longevity and late-life health. To test this hypothesis, we developed simple, reproducible, clinically relevant challenges, and outcome measures of physical resilience that revealed differences between and within age groups of genetically heterogeneous mice, and then examined associations between mid-life resilience and both lifespan and late-life measures of physiological function.

Molecular characterization of a cation-dependent mannose-6-phosphate receptor gene in Crassostrea hongkongensis and its responsiveness in Vibrio alginolyticus infection.

The cation-dependent mannose-6-phosphate receptor (CD-M6PR) is a P-type lectin that plays a crucial role in lysosomal enzyme transport, bacterial resistance, and viral entry. In this study, we cloned and analyzed the ORF of the CD-M6PR gene from Crassostrea hongkongensis and named it ChCD-M6PR. We analyzed the nucleotide and amino acid sequence of ChCD-M6PR, its tissue expression pattern and immune response to Vibrio alginolyticus.

In Situ Reconstructed Zn doped Fe Ni OOH Catalyst for Efficient and Ultrastable Oxygen Evolution Reaction at High Current Densities.

Developing FeOOH as a robust electrocatalyst for high output oxygen evolution reaction (OER) remains challenging due to its low conductivity and dissolvability in alkaline conditions. Herein, it is demonstrated that the robust and high output Zn doped NiOOH-FeOOH (Zn-Fe Ni )OOH catalyst can be derived by electro-oxidation-induced reconstruction from the pre-electrocatalyst of Zn modified Ni metal/FeOOH film supported by nickel foam (NF). In situ Raman and ex situ characterizations elucidate that the pre-electrocatalyst undergoes dynamic reconstruction occurring on both the catalyst surface and underneath metal support during the OER process.

Strategies for Designing High-Performance Hydrogen Evolution Reaction Electrocatalysts at Large Current Densities above 1000 mA cm.

The depletion of fossil fuels and rapidly increasing environmental concerns have urgently called for the utilization of clean and sustainable sources for future energy supplies. Hydrogen (H) is recognized as a prioritized green resource with little environmental impact to replace traditional fossil fuels. Electrochemical water splitting has become an important method for large-scale green production of hydrogen.

Downregulation of FEM1C enhances metastasis and proliferation in colorectal cancer.

Background: Feminization-1 (FEM-1) is considered a substrate recognition subunit of CUL2-RING E3 ubiquitin ligase complexes, which refers to sex determination by modulating TRA-1 stability in . The function of mammalian orthologous gene of FEM-1 remains to be elucidated.

Methods: The expression of FEM1C in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells was interfered by small interference RNA (siRNA) transfection, and Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, colony formation assay and transwell assay were performed.

KLF4 transactivates TRIM29 expression and modulates keratin network.

The Krüppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) is well known to be a conserved zinc-containing transcription factor that participates in diverse biological processes such as cell proliferation and differentiation. In this study, we found KLF4 can bind specific site in the promoter of TRIM29 to transactivate its transcription, and sumoylation modification on 278 lysine site was not essential for KLF4 to transactivate TRIM29 transcription. It also was showed that KLF4 promoted cell migration when overexpressed, and knockdown of TRIM29 abrogated the migration triggered by KLF4.

Effects of Altering Mitochondrial Antioxidant Capacity on Molecular and Phenotypic Drivers of Fibrocalcific Aortic Valve Stenosis.

While a small number of studies suggest that oxidative stress has an influential role in fibrocalcific aortic valve disease (FCAVD), the roles of specific antioxidant enzymes in progression of this disease remain poorly understood. Here, we focused on selectively altering mitochondrial-derived oxidative stress-which has been shown to alter progression of a myriad of age-associated diseases-on the progression of molecular and phenotypic drivers of FCAVD. We generated low-density lipoprotein receptor-deficient, Apolipoprotein B100-only mice (LA) that were either haploinsufficient for MnSOD ( ) or genetically overexpressing MnSOD ( ).

Recent progress on kinetic control of chemical vapor deposition growth of high-quality wafer-scale transition metal dichalcogenides.

2D transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have attracted significant attention due to their unique physical properties. Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is generally a promising method to prepare ideal TMD films with high uniformity, large domain size, good single-crystallinity, , at wafer-scale for commercial uses. However, the CVD-grown TMD samples often suffer from poor quality due to the improper control of reaction kinetics and lack of understanding about the phenomenon.

LncRNA ENSG00000254615 Modulates Proliferation and 5-FU Resistance by Regulating p21 and Cyclin D1 in Colorectal Cancer.

5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) resistance is an urgent problem of colorectal cancer (CRC) chemotherapy that needs to be resolved. To investigate 5-FU-associated lncRNAs for CRC might be of great significant. LncRNA ENSG00000254615 was detected by RNA-sequencing.

Prognostic Value of Intraplaque Neovascularization Detected by Carotid Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound in Patients Undergoing Stress Echocardiography.

Background: Stress echocardiography (SE) is used for diagnosis and risk stratification of patients with known or suspected coronary artery disease (CAD). Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) detects carotid intraplaque neovascularization (IPN). The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis that combining SE with carotid CEUS in patients with known or suspected CAD might provide incremental prognostic value beyond clinical risk factors and either test alone for the occurrence of cardiovascular events.

Feasibility of Real-Time Myocardial Contrast Echocardiography to Detect Cardiac Allograft Vasculopathy in Pediatric Heart Transplant Recipients.

Background: Cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV) is an important adverse prognostic factor for pediatric heart transplant (HT) recipients. Invasive coronary angiography (ICA) is the gold standard for CAV detection but lacks sensitivity for early microvascular changes and cumulative radiation exposure is of concern. Real-time myocardial contrast echocardiography (RTMCE) using ultrasound enhancing (contrast) agents performed during dobutamine stress echocardiography (DSE) can assess myocardial function, perfusion, and microvascular integrity.

Author Correction: Combined spatiotemporal and frequency-dependent shear wave elastography enables detection of vulnerable carotid plaques as validated by MRI.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

Combined spatiotemporal and frequency-dependent shear wave elastography enables detection of vulnerable carotid plaques as validated by MRI.

Fatal cerebrovascular events are often caused by rupture of atherosclerotic plaques. However, rupture-prone plaques are often distinguished by their internal composition rather than degree of luminal narrowing, and conventional imaging techniques might thus fail to detect such culprit lesions. In this feasibility study, we investigate the potential of ultrasound shear wave elastography (SWE) to detect vulnerable carotid plaques, evaluating group velocity and frequency-dependent phase velocities as novel biomarkers for plaque vulnerability.

mA methyltransferase METTL3 suppresses colorectal cancer proliferation and migration through p38/ERK pathways.

Although many biological processes are involved in the modification of N-methyladenosine (mA), the exact role of mA in the development of malignant tumors remains unclear. Methyltransferase 3 (METTL3) is a major RNA N-methyladenosine methyltransferase. We aimed to explore the role of METTL3 in colorectal cancer (CRC) carcinogenesis and disease progression.

An affinity peptide exerts antiviral activity by strongly binding nervous necrosis virus to block viral entry.

Nervous necrosis virus (NNV) causes viral nervous necrosis (VNN), a disease that leads to almost 100% mortality among larvae and juvenile fish, severely affecting the aquaculture industry. VNN vaccines based on inactivated viruses or virus-like particles (VLPs) are unsuitable for fish fry with immature adaptive immune systems. Here, we applied an anti-NNV strategy based on affinity peptides (AFPs).

Echocardiographic Assessment for the Detection of Cardiotoxicity Due to Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Inhibitor Therapy in Metastatic Renal Cell and Colorectal Cancers.

Background: Cardio-oncology is a recently established discipline that focuses on the management of patients with cancer who are at risk for developing cardiovascular complications as a result of their underlying oncologic treatment. In metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) and metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC), vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitor (VEGF-i) therapy is commonly used to improve overall survival. Although these novel anticancer drugs may lead to the development of cardiotoxicity, whether early detection of cardiac dysfunction using serial echocardiography could potentially prevent the development of heart failure in this patient population requires further study.

Protein A from orange-spotted grouper nervous necrosis virus triggers type I interferon production in fish cell.

Family Nodaviridae consists of two genera: Alphanodavirus and Betanodavirus, and the latter is classified into four genotypes, including red-spotted grouper nervous necrosis virus, tiger puffer nervous necrosis virus, striped jack nervous necrosis virus, and barfin flounder nervous necrosis virus. Type I interferons (IFNs) play a central role in the innate immune system and antiviral responses, and the interactions between IFN and NNV have been investigated in this study. We have found that the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) from orange-spotted nervous necrosis virus (OGNNV), named protein A, was capable of activating IFN promoter in fathead minnow (FHM) cells.

A Potent and Specific CD38 Inhibitor Ameliorates Age-Related Metabolic Dysfunction by Reversing Tissue NAD Decline.

Aging is characterized by the development of metabolic dysfunction and frailty. Recent studies show that a reduction in nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) is a key factor for the development of age-associated metabolic decline. We recently demonstrated that the NADase CD38 has a central role in age-related NAD decline.

Improved Super-Resolution Ultrasound Microvessel Imaging With Spatiotemporal Nonlocal Means Filtering and Bipartite Graph-Based Microbubble Tracking.

Super-resolution ultrasound microvessel imaging with contrast microbubbles has recently been proposed by multiple studies, demonstrating outstanding resolution with high potential for clinical applications. This paper aims at addressing the potential noise issue in in vivo human super-resolution imaging with ultrafast plane-wave imaging. The rich spatiotemporal information provided by ultrafast imaging presents features that allow microbubble signals to be separated from background noise.

The core ubiquitin system of mandarin fish, Siniperca chuatsi, can be utilized by infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus.

The process of ubiquitination regulates various cellular processes. The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) in fish, which is important for the generation of innate and adaptive immune responses to pathogens, is the target of aquatic viruses to achieve immune evasion. We cloned and characterized three genes, namely, a ubiquitin-activating enzyme (ScE1), a ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme (ScE2), and a HECT-type ubiquitin ligase (ScE3) of mandarin fish Siniperca chuatsi.

Betanodavirus-like particles enter host cells via clathrin-mediated endocytosis in a cholesterol-, pH- and cytoskeleton-dependent manner.

Betanodavirus, also referred to nervous necrosis virus (NNV), is the causative agent of the fatal disease, viral nervous necrosis and has brought significant economic losses in marine and freshwater cultured fish, especially larvae and juveniles. Here, we used an established invasion model with virus-like particle (VLP)-cells, mimicking orange-spotted grouper nervous necrosis virus (OGNNV), to investigate the crucial events of virus entry. VLP were observed in the perinuclear regions of Asian sea bass (SB) cells within 1.

A comparison of infarct mass by cardiac magnetic resonance and real time myocardial perfusion echocardiography as predictors of major adverse cardiac events following reperfusion for ST elevation myocardial infarction.

Purpose: Infarct mass as assessed by myocardial-delayed enhancement imaging on cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) and myocardial blood flow as assessed by real time myocardial perfusion echocardiography (RT-MPE) have been shown to predict adverse events following ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). There has been no published comparison of quantitative assessment using these modalities as predictors of clinical outcomes to date. We compared RT-MPE with CMR for prediction of cardiac events in reperfused STEMI patients.

Changes in Exercise Patterns in Menopausal Women at Low-Intermediate Risk for Cardiovascular Disease: A Prospective Survey Study.

Introduction: We aim to describe changes in exercise habits and barriers to physical activity over 5 years in menopausal women at low-intermediate risk for cardiovascular disease.

Materials And Methods: Women in the Stress Echocardiography in Menopausal Women at Risk for Coronary Artery Disease trial were prospectively enrolled in a multisite study from 2004 to 2007. Inclusion criteria were as follows: peri- and postmenopausal women with symptoms and/or risk factors for cardiovascular disease resulting in referral for stress echocardiography.