SWAP Gate for Spin Qubits Based on Silicon Devices Integrated with a Micromagnet.

In our toolbox of quantum gates for spin qubits, the SWAP-family gates based on Heisenberg exchange coupling are quite versatile: the SWAP gate can help solve the connectivity problem by realizing both short- and long-range spin state transfer, while the gate is a basic two-qubit entangling gate. Here we demonstrate a SWAP gate in a double quantum dot in isotopically enriched silicon in the presence of a micromagnet. We achieve a two-orders-of-magnitude adjustable ratio between the exchange coupling and the Zeeman energy difference Δ, overcoming a major obstacle for a high-fidelity SWAP gate.

Breaking the silence: How male and female bystanders influence victims of gender prejudice.

Purpose: This study aims to explore the specific psychological mechanisms of female victims coping with gender bias in bystander intervention (Study 1) and bystander neglect (Study 2), as well as the influence of bystander gender.

Methodology: Two experiments recruited 208 participants who, after watching a first-person video of their experience of gender prejudice, filled out questionnaires measuring emotions, feelings of power, evaluation of the perpetrator and willingness to confront. A moderated mediation model was set up, and the bootstrapping method were applied.

Preparation and adsorption properties of microsphere geopolymers derived from calcium carbide slag and fly ash.

In this work, using fly ash and calcium carbide slag as mixed precursors, hydrogen peroxide and sodium dodecyl sulfate as mixed foaming agents, porous microsphere geopolymer was prepared by suspension curing technology to remove Cu (II) from aqueous solution. Because the Ca (OH) in calcium carbide slag effectively improves the pozzolana activity of fly ash, more C-S-H gel is produced in the geopolymerization process, and the foaming process makes the material have larger specific surface area and better adsorption properties. The results show that the specific surface area of the material is 63.

A meta-analysis of the accuracy of different measuring techniques to evaluate the marginal and internal gap of a fixed dental prosthesis: The American Academy of Fixed Prosthodontics, Research in Fixed Prosthodontics Committee.

Statement Of Problem: Marginal gaps and the internal adaptation of a fixed dental prosthesis are important parameters related to a successful clinical outcome. Several methods have been used to measure these 2 parameters. In addition to conventional analog methods, digital methods have recently been developed.

Favoring the Originally Unfavored Oxygen for Enhancing Nitrogen-to-Nitrate Electroconversion.

Current nitrate production involves a two-step thermochemical process that is energy-intensive and generates substantial CO emissions. Sustainable NO production via the nitrogen electrooxidation reaction powered by renewable electricity is highly desirable, but the Faradaic efficiency (FE) at high production rates is unsatisfactory due to competition from the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). In this study, we propose reengineering the catalyst's microstructure-to-macroenvironment interface by particularly utilizing the previously considered unfavored oxygen from the OER.

A UDP-glucuronosyltransferase gene UGT379A1 involved in detoxification of lufenuron in Diaphorina citri.

The Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Psyllidae), is a devastating bacterial disease of commercial citrus. Presently, uridine diphosphate (UDP)-glycosyltransferases (UGTs), have been linked to the detoxification of pesticides, were known as phase II enzymes in the detoxification process. However, the role of UGTs in detoxification of lufenuron in Diaphorina citri is unknown.

Association between different types of school bullying and premenstrual disorders: A cross-sectional analysis of 10,042 girls.

Background: School bullying is associated with premenstrual disorders (PMDs) in adulthood, but its relationship with PMDs in adolescent girls needs further investigation.

Methods: We analyzed 10,042 menstruating girls for PMDs using the modified version of Calendar of Premenstrual Experiences and the Delaware Bullying Victimization Scale-Student for school bullying. Multivariable logistic regression revealed the associations between school bullying and PMDs, including premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and more severe form - premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD).

Molecular mechanism of programmed cell death in drug-induced neuronal damage: A special focus on ketamine-induced neurotoxicity.

In recent years, the abuse of ketamine as a recreational drug has been growing, and has become one of the most widely abused drugs. Continuous using ketamine poses a risk of drug addiction and complications such as attention deficit disorder, memory loss and cognitive decline. Ketamine-induced neurotoxicity is thought to play a key role in the development of these neurological complications.

Diversified quantity, gene structure, and expression profile of OPR gene family of A. annua.

Artemisia annua, the source of artemisinin production, is a traditional herb used for treating malaria for thousand years. The genetic background is of high heterozygosity and traits (plant height, biomass, artemisinin content, etc.) are diverse across different germplasms.

Integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis reveals the causes of mass mortality in juvenile pearl oysters (Pinctada maxima).

Pinctada maxima is a pearl oyster species producing large, high-quality marine pearls. However, juvenile mortality (shell length < 5 cm) in this species adversely affects commercial pearl production. Understanding the molecular mechanism and genes related to mass mortality will help mitigate this problem.

Coupling effects of F-doping and Se-vacancies on SnSe as an anode for LIBs guided by first-principles calculations.

SnSe, as a anode material with a theoretical specific capacity of up to 813 mAh g and a unique wide-spaced lamellar structure, has been regarded as a potential stock of anode for lithium-ion batteries. However, its inherent low electronic conductivity and bulk effect have been the key factors hindering its electrochemical performance. In this study, focusing on enhancing the intrinsic conductivity of SnSe, we innovatively introduced F-doping and Se-vacancies into its structure, successfully constructed F-SnSe crystals, and deeply explored the structural features and lithium storage properties of the crystals using first-principles calculation.

KRT14 is a promising prognostic biomarker of breast cancer related to immune infiltration.

Background: Breast cancer (BC) is the leading cancer among women globally, which has the highest incidence and mortality rate in over a hundred countries. This study was intended to discover a new prognostic biomarker, facilitating personalized treatment approaches.

Methods: RNA sequencing data from The Cancer Genome Atlas database and Gene Expression Omnibus database were utilized to download to evaluate expression levels and prognostic significance of Keratin 14 (KRT14).

Skeletal Muscle Mass and Mortality in Heart Failure: Mediation Role of Systemic Immune-Inflammatory Index.

Background: Heart failure (HF)-related skeletal muscle wasting inversely affects the prognosis of HF, in which systemic inflammation may be involved. The relationships among skeletal muscle mass (SMM), systemic inflammation, and cardiovascular outcomes have not been clarified.

Objectives: This study evaluated the associations of SMM with cardiovascular outcomes, systemic immune-inflammatory index (SII) with cardiovascular outcomes, and the mediation role of SII in the relationship between SMM and outcomes.

Deep Hypothermic Low Flow Results in Multiple Aspects of Neurological Deficits in Mice by eEF2 Hyperphosphorylation.

Postoperative neurological dysfunction is a common complication caused by deep hypothermia with cerebral hypoperfusion during aortic arch surgery, but the exact pathological changes and molecular mechanisms are not yet clear. In this study, we established an adult mouse model of deep hypothermic low flow (DHLF) to simulate the ischemic-reperfusion brain injury during aortic arch surgery. The DHLF-modeled mice showed significant neurological and cognitive dysfunction, accompanied by reduced dendritic spine density and increased glial cell activation in the hippocampus and cortex.

Dual-Gating Strategy: Ultrasound Activation of TRPV2 Channels and Borate-Glass-Induced Calcium Overload for Tumor Suppression.

Effective and precise treatment of breast cancer, particularly with bone metastasis, remains a significant challenge. Here, a dual-gating strategy combining locally delivered borate glass (BG) and ultrasound (US) is developed for the precise and effective inhibition of breast cancer by targeting transient receptor potential vanilloid 2 (TRPV2). The results demonstrate that after local delivery of BG to the solid tumor, US effectively triggers calcium overload by activating the overexpressed TRPV2 channels, leading to mitochondrial autophagy and apoptosis in breast cancer cells, thereby inhibiting tumor growth with high precision.

LIPUS Promotes Calcium Oscillation and Enhances Calcium Dependent Autophagy of Chondrocytes to Alleviate Osteoarthritis.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disease which places an enormous burden on society, effective treatments are still limited. As a non-invasive and safe physical therapy, low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) can alleviate OA progression, but the underlying mechanism is not fully understood, especially the mechanical transduction between LIPUS and the organism. In this pioneering study, the biomechanical effects of LIPUS on living mice chondrocytes and living body zebrafish are investigate by using fluorescence imaging technology, to dynamically "visualize" its invisible mechanical stimuli in the form of calcium oscillations.

Enhanced Production of 5-Hydroxymethylfurfural from Cellulose via Synergistic Catalysis of Solid Acid and Molten Salt Hydrates Solvent.

Producing 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) from abundant and renewable cellulose is a practical method for lignocellulosic biomass valorization. Nonetheless, the high crystallinity of cellulose restricts the accessibility of catalysts, and the complex reaction pathway generally results in the formation of intermediate by-products and 5-HMF degradation. Molten salt hydrates (MSHs) are unique in dissolving crystalline cellulose and their weak Brønsted acidity can facilitate cellulose hydrolysis to glucose.

Transcription factor Ste12 regulates the spore maturation and proliferation of silkworm microsporidium Nosema bombycis.

Background: As the first identified microsporidium, Nosema bombycis can infect silkworm Bombyx mori to cause pebrine which brings huge economic losses to sericulture all over the world. The life cycle of Nosema bombycis is divided into three phases, including the infective phase, the proliferative phase and the sporogonic phase. The factor(s) that regulate spore maturation of Nosema bombycis is still unknown.

Size-Dependent, Topology-Regulated, pH-Change-Tolerable, and Reversible Self-Assembly of Ultrasmall Nanoparticles.

The multiscale ordering of colloidal nanoparticles (NPs) endows materials with diverse functions and performances. The controllable and predictable assembly of NPs is essential for the new generation of materials science. This study presents a topology-regulated self-assembly approach in an aqueous environment, utilizing polysorbate 20 (Tween-20) and ultrasmall gold nanoparticles (2, 4, and 8 nm AuNPs).

Discovery of the Low-Hemorrhagic Antithrombotic Effect of Montelukast by Targeting FXIa in Mice.

Background: FXIa (coagulation factor XIa) is considered as a promising antithrombotic target with reduced hemorrhagic liabilities. The objective of this study was to identify a small-molecule inhibitor of FXIa as a potential low-hemorrhagic anticoagulant.

Methods: A high-throughput virtual screening was conducted using a drug repurposing library with the catalytic domain of FXIa as the bait.

Sepsis subphenotypes: bridging the gaps in sepsis treatment strategies.

Sepsis, a heterogeneous illness produced by a dysregulated host response to infection, remains a severe mortality risk. Recent discoveries in sepsis research have stressed phenotyping as a feasible strategy for tackling heterogeneity and enhancing therapy precision. Sepsis phenotyping has moved from traditional stratifications based on severity and prognosis to dynamic, phenotype-driven therapeutic options.

Global burden of ischemic heart disease in older adult populations linked to non-optimal temperatures: past (1990-2021) and future (2022-2050) analysis.

Background: Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is a leading cause of death and disability, particularly affecting the older adult population. Extreme temperatures, especially very low and very high temperatures, are known to exacerbate cardiovascular disease burden. With the ongoing global climate change, understanding the impact of non-optimal temperatures on IHD burden becomes increasingly important, especially in vulnerable populations such as the older adult.

Conflicting health information increases fear of disease progression in HPV-infected individuals: disease uncertainty as mediator and tolerance of uncertainty as buffer.

Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is highly prevalent, and infected individuals frequently encounter HPV-specific conflicting health information about their condition. Although this phenomenon is well documented, the mechanisms by which such information influences fear of progression (FoP) and potential interventions remain unexplored.

Methods: This research was conducted in two phases.

Older adults' Internet use behavior and its association with accelerometer-derived physical activity.

Objective: The aging population is thriving worldwide, and it is critical to improve the health of older adults through physical activity (PA). Although the Internet can promote PA in older adults, limited studies have used objective tools to measure it. Thus, we aimed to investigate the association between the frequency of Internet use and PA levels in older adults.