Co-MOF-derived CoO sensors for efficient 3-octanone biomarker monitoring in wheat mildew.

3-octanone has been widely identified as a primary biomarker for mold and insect infestation in wheat. Nevertheless, to date, no chemiresistive sensor based on a metal oxide semiconductor with excellent sensing properties for 3-octanone has been developed. In light of the extensively reported superior efficacy of CoO-based sensors for ketone detection, we designed CoO samples with various hierarchical morphologies (hollow sphere, multi-wall sphere, flower-like, and urchin-like), which were determined by regulating solvent and organic ligand.

Prognostic potential of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio for appendicular skeletal muscle mass reduction in males aged 70 and older.

Inflammation plays a pivotal role in the age-related decline of skeletal muscle mass, leading to sarcopenia in the elderly. The prevalence of sarcopenia notably increases among males aged ≥ 70. However, it remains unclear whether inflammatory indexes are associated with the reduction in skeletal muscle mass in the elderly population.

Illuminating the Scene: How Virtual Environments and Learning Modes Shape Film Lighting Mastery in Virtual Reality.

In virtual reality (VR) education, particularly in creative fields like film production, the role of different virtual environments in shaping learning outcomes remains underexplored. This study investigates how three distinct environments-baseline, a dynamic beach setting, and a familiar office space-affect students' ability to learn film lighting techniques and whether team-based learning offers advantages over individual learning. We conducted a 3×2 factorial experiment with 36 participants to examine the effects of these environments on learning performance.

MSDUNet:A Model based on Feature Multi-Scale and Dual-input Dynamic Enhancement for Skin Lesion Segmentation.

Melanoma is a malignant tumor originating from the lesions of skin cells. Medical image segmentation tasks for skin lesion play a crucial role in quantitative analysis. Achieving precise and efficient segmentation remains a significant challenge for medical practitioners.

Intratumoral and peritumoral ultrasound-based radiomics for preoperative prediction of HER2-low breast cancer: a multicenter retrospective study.

Objectives: Recent advances in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-targeted therapies have opened up new therapeutic options for HER2-low cancers. This study aimed to establish an ultrasound-based radiomics model to identify three different HER2 states noninvasively.

Methods: Between May 2018 and December 2023, a total of 1257 invasive breast cancer patients were enrolled from three hospitals.

A patenting perspective of fat mass and obesity associated protein (FTO) inhibitors: 2017-present.

Introduction: The fat mass and obesity-associated protein (FTO) catalytically demethylates RNA N-methyl adenosine (mA) modification, dynamically regulates gene expression in eukaryotes. Interestingly, FTO is highly expressed and functions as an oncogenic factor in a wide range of cancers. Therefore, using small-molecule inhibitors to target FTO has been established as a promising therapeutic strategy for combating cancers.

Electron-Coupling Effect Modulating the d-Band Center of Asymmetric Cobalt Single-Atom Sites for Electrocatalytic Oxygen Reduction.

We introduce an aggregation-induced deposition approach for rapidly synthesizing asymmetric Co-NO single-atom sites (SAs) with a precise atomic configuration on a hollow carbon matrix (Co-SAs/NHC). This design leverages the electron-coupling effect between Co SAs across adjacent carbon layers, enhancing the intrinsic activity and durability of the catalyst. In the ORR, the Co-SAs/NHC catalyst displayed a half-wave potential improvement of 51 mV, achieving a mass activity 5-fold that of commercial Pt/C.

Dual decision-making routes for COVID-19 and influenza vaccines uptake in parents: A mixed-methods study.

Objective: Parental decision-making for children's uptake of a relatively novel vaccine and a more common vaccine could involve different processes. This study aimed to compare the psychological processes and the relative importance of psychological factors influencing parental decision-making for children's seasonal influenza vaccination (SIV) and COVID-19 vaccination.

Design And Methods: We adopted mixed-methods approach.

Decreased intestinal abundance of is associated with metabolic disorders among people living with HIV.

Background: Previous studies have shown changes in gut microbiota after human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, but there is limited research linking the gut microbiota of people living with HIV (PLWHIV) to metabolic diseases.

Methods: A total of 103 PLWHIV were followed for 48 weeks of anti-retroviral therapy (ART), with demographic and clinical data collected. Gut microbiome analysis was conducted using metagenomic sequencing of fecal samples from 12 individuals.

Survival mechanisms of plants under hypoxic stress: Physiological acclimation and molecular regulation.

Hypoxia (low-oxygen tension) caused by complete submergence or waterlogging is an abiotic stress factor that severely affects the yield and distribution of plants. To adapt to and survive under hypoxic conditions, plants employ several physiological and molecular strategies that integrate morphological acclimation, metabolic shifts, and signaling networks. Group VII ETHYLENE RESPONSE FACTORS (ERF-VIIs), master transcription factors, have emerged as a molecular hub for regulating plant hypoxia sensing and signaling.

A simplified SynCom based on core-helper strain interactions enhances symbiotic nitrogen fixation in soybean.

Synthetic microbial communities (SynComs) are a promising tool for making full use of the beneficial functions imparted by whole bacterial consortia. However, the complexity of reconstructed SynComs often limits their application in sustainable agriculture. Furthermore, inter-strain interactions are often neglected during SynCom construction.

Alisol B 23-Acetate Down-Regulated GRP94 to Restore Endoplasmic Reticulum Homeostasis on Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis.

Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) poses a serious threat to human health. Alisol B 23-Acetate (AB23A) has shown beneficial effects on NASH, but its mechanism of action remains unclear. We conducted in vitro experiments by inducing L02 cell damage with free fatty acids (FFA) and administering various concentrations of AB23A.

PDCD11 Stabilizes C-MYC Oncoprotein by Hindering C-MYC-SKP2 Negative Feedback Loop to Facilitate Progression of p53-Mutant Breast and Colon Malignancies.

C-MYC is a proto-oncoprotein whose dysregulation triggers tumorigenesis and tumor progression in ≈70% of cancer cases. It is presently demonstrated that aberrantly upregulated MYC is caused by the overexpressed and "extra-nucleolar" PDCD11 in p53-mutant breast and colon cancer cells, which is highly correlated to tumor progression, metastasis, and recurrence. In the nucleoplasm, PDCD11 binds to the TAD of C-MYC to prevent SKP2, a transcriptional target of C-MYC as well as one of the major E3 ligase components targeting C-MYC, from interacting with and ubiquitinating C-MYC in feedback.

Formulating Electrophilic Electrolyte for In Situ Stabilization of 4.8 V Li-Rich Batteries with 100% Initial Coulombic Efficiency.

Lithium-rich layered oxide (LLO) cathodes are expected to overcome the energy density limitations, but their applicability is hindered by low initial Coulombic efficiency (ICE) and unstable electrode-electrolyte interphases with sluggish kinetics. Here an elaborate electrophilic electrolyte is proposed that effectively stabilizes the surface lattice oxygen of the LLO cathode, facilitates the formation of dense and fast-ion-transport electrode-electrolyte interphases, and prevents Li-dendrites on the anode. The nucleophilic reaction mechanism driven by the electrolyte enables LLO to exhibit a reversible capacity of 310 mAh g with a record ICE of 100%, as well as impressive 3C fast-charging stability, remarkably superior to that in the basic electrolyte.

Circular RNA circCLASP2 promotes nasopharyngeal carcinoma progression through binding to DHX9 to enhance PCMT1 translation.

Background: Circular RNAs (circRNAs), characterized by their covalently closed-loop structures, constitute a distinct class of non-coding RNAs. They play pivotal regulatory roles within cells and are intricately associated with the progression of malignant tumors. However, their roles and the underlying mechanisms in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) progression have yet to be fully uncovered and comprehensively understood.

Systemic inflammation partially mediates the association between non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHHR) and chronic cough.

Background: Non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHHR), a new biomarker, reflects blood lipid status. Nevertheless, the association between NHHR and chronic cough remains uncertain.

Method: This investigation included 9725 individuals from the NHANES.

Global, regional and national burden and trends of larynx cancer among adults aged 55 and older from 1990 to 2021: results from the global burden of disease study 2021.

Background: Laryngeal cancer (LC), as a common head and neck tumor, significantly impacts the quality of life. Utilizing data from the 2021 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study, we sought to delve deeply into the global LC burden experienced by individuals aged 55 and older from 1990 to 2021 at the global, regional, and national levels. This research encompassed three key indicators: incidence rate, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs).

Associations between maternal body composition in the second trimester and premature rupture of membranes: a retrospective study using hospital information system data.

Background: Maternal nutrition is associated with premature rupture of membranes (PROM), which affects 6.7-10.0% of term pregnancies and poses significant health challenges for both mothers and children.

CYP2D6 polymorphisms and endoxifen concentration in Chinese patients with breast cancer.

Background: The plasma concentration of endoxifen, the active metabolite of tamoxifen, might be affected by different CYP2D6 genotypes in patients with breast cancer, but solid evidence is still lacking in Asian patients. This prospective study aimed to investigate the relationship between CYP2D6 genetic polymorphisms and endoxifen plasma concentrations among Chinese patients with breast cancer treated with tamoxifen.

Methods: From August 2015 to June 2018, 110 patients with breast cancer were enrolled.

Automated deep learning-assisted early detection of radiation-induced temporal lobe injury on MRI: a multicenter retrospective analysis.

Objectives: To evaluate the benefits of an automated deep learning-based tool (RTLI-DM) for early detection of radiation-induced temporal lobe injury (RTLI) on MRI.

Materials And Methods: A total of 396 RTLI and 3181 non-RTLI patients were retrospectively included from a cohort of 6483 NPC patients who underwent radiotherapy and MRI follow-ups at four hospitals from January 2010 to June 2021. We developed and validated an automated RTLI-DM using the initial abnormal MRI of RTLI patients and the final MRI of non-RTLI patients.

Hypoxic tumor cell line lysate-pulsed dendritic cell vaccine exhibits better therapeutic effects on hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background: Dendritic cell (DC) vaccine is a promising immunotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) via triggering antigen-specific anti-tumor immunity. Hypoxia contributes to higher level and broader spectrum of antigen expression in tumor cells.

Methods: This study aims to compare immunological activity and therapeutic efficacy between hypoxic and normoxic HCC cell line lysate-pulsed DC vaccines.

Machine-learning assisted discovery unveils novel interplay between gut microbiota and host metabolic disturbance in diabetic kidney disease.

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a serious healthcare dilemma. Nonetheless, the interplay between the functional capacity of gut microbiota and their host remains elusive for DKD. This study aims to elucidate the functional capability of gut microbiota to affect kidney function of DKD patients.

Large language model for knowledge synthesis and AI-enhanced biomanufacturing.

Large language models (LLMs) are transforming synthetic biology (SynBio) education and research. In this review we cover the advancements and potential impacts of LLMs in biomanufacturing. First, we summarize recent developments and compare the capabilities of US and Chinese language models in addressing fundamental SynBio questions.

Production of high-amylose starch with low digestibility in a green marine microalga Tetraselmis subcordiformis by delaying high-bicarbonate induction.

A photoautotrophic green marine microalga Tetraselmis subcordiformis was applied to sustainably produce high-amylose starch (HAS) from CO via high-bicarbonate (HB) induction. Delaying the addition of HB from Day 0 to Day 3 overcome the HB stress and significantly improved photosynthetic activity, resulting in 7.2-times higher starch productivity and the production of HAS with the total starch content of 21.