Metal(loid) tolerance, accumulation, and phytoremediation potential of wetland macrophytes for multi-metal(loid)s polluted water.

Natural based solutions, notably constructed/artificial wetland treatment systems, rely heavily on identification and use of macrophytes with the ability to tolerate multiple contaminants and grow for an extended period to reduce contamination. The potential to tolerate and remediate metal(loid) contaminated groundwater from an industrial site located in Flanders (Belgium) was assessed for 10 wetland macrophytes (including Carex riparia Curtis, Cyperus longus Baker, Cyperus rotundus L., Iris pseudacorus L.

Next Generation Risk Assessment approaches for advanced nanomaterials: Current status and future perspectives.

This manuscript discusses the challenges of applying New Approach Methodologies (NAMs) for safe by design and regulatory risk assessment of advanced nanomaterials (AdNMs). The authors propose a framework for Next Generation Risk Assessment of AdNMs involving NAMs that is aligned to the conventional risk assessment paradigm. This framework is exposure-driven, endpoint-specific, makes best use of pre-existing information, and can be implemented in tiers of increasing specificity and complexity of the adopted NAMs.

Lack of differences in outcomes between 3 immunosuppression protocols in the first year after pediatric liver transplantation: A multicenter study.

Advances in immunosuppression have extended patient and graft survival rates after solid organ transplantation; however, this is not free of side effects. Balancing safety and efficacy is of paramount importance, particularly in the pediatric setting. Current literature comparing different protocols is scarce, and decisions are mostly guided by physician preference.

Macrophyte assisted phytoremediation and toxicological profiling of metal(loid)s polluted water is influenced by hydraulic retention time.

The present study reports findings related to the treatment of polluted groundwater using macrophyte-assisted phytoremediation. The potential of three macrophyte species (Phragmites australis, Scirpus holoschoenus, and Typha angustifolia) to tolerate exposure to multi-metal(loid) polluted groundwater was first evaluated in mesocosms for 7- and 14-day batch testing. In the 7-day batch test, the polluted water was completely replaced and renewed after 7 days, while for 14 days exposure, the same polluted water, added in the first week, was maintained.

From intestinal failure to transplantation: Review on the current need for transplant indications under multidisciplinary transplant programs worldwide.

Introduction: Intestinal failure, defined as the loss of gastrointestinal function to the point where nutrition cannot be maintained by enteral intake alone, presents numerous challenges in children, not least the timing of consideration of intestine transplantation.

Objectives: To describe the evolution of care of infants and children with intestinal failure including parenteral nutrition, intestine transplantation, and contemporary intestinal failure care.

Methods: The review is based on the authors' experience supported by an in-depth review of the published literature.

Unveiling the capacity of bioaugmentation application, in comparison with biochar and rhamnolipid for TPHs degradation in aged hydrocarbons polluted soil.

Persistent, aged hydrocarbons in soil hinder remediation, posing a significant environmental threat. While bioremediation offers an environmentally friendly and cost-effective approach, its efficacy for complex contaminants relies on enhancing pollutant bioavailability. This study explores the potential of immobilized bacterial consortia combined with biochar and rhamnolipids to accelerate bioremediation of aged total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH)-contaminated soil.

Comparative toxicological analysis of two pristine carbon nanomaterials (graphene oxide and aminated graphene oxide) and their corresponding degraded forms using human in vitro models.

Despite the wide application of graphene-based materials, the information of the toxicity associated to some specific derivatives such as aminated graphene oxide is scarce. Likewise, most of these studies analyse the pristine materials, while the available data regarding the harmful effects of degraded forms is very limited. In this work, the toxicity of graphene oxide (GO), aminated graphene oxide (GO-NH), and their respective degraded forms (dGO and dGO-NH) obtained after being submitted to high-intensity sonication was evaluated applying in vitro assays in different models of human exposure.

Bioaugmentation and vermicompost facilitated the hydrocarbon bioremediation: scaling up from lab to field for petroleum-contaminated soils.

The biodegradation of total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) in soil is very challenging due to the complex recalcitrant nature of hydrocarbon, hydrophobicity, indigenous microbial adaptation and competition, and harsh environmental conditions. This work further confirmed that limited natural attenuation of petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs) (15% removal) necessitates efficient bioremediation strategies. Hence, a scaling-up experiment for testing and optimizing the use of biopiles for bioremediation of TPH polluted soils was conducted with three 500-kg pilots of polluted soil, and respective treatments were implemented: including control soil (CT), bioaugmentation and vermicompost treatment (BAVC), and a combined application of BAVC along with bioelectrochemical snorkels (BESBAVC), all maintained at 40% field capacity.

Pathophysiology of ascites: The importance of the intestine. A surgical contribution to the understanding of a medical problem.

The understanding of the mechanisms for the development of ascites has evolved over the years, involving the liver, peritoneum, heart, and kidneys as key responsible for its formation. In this article, we review the pathophysiology of ascites formation, introducing the role of the intestine as a major responsible for ascites production through "a game changer" case.

Phytostabilization of metal(loid)s by ten emergent macrophytes following a 90-day exposure to industrially contaminated groundwater.

Better understanding of macrophyte tolerance under long exposure times in real environmental matrices is crucial for phytoremediation and phytoattenuation strategies for aquatic systems. The metal(loid) attenuation ability of 10 emergent macrophyte species (Carex riparia, Cyperus longus, Cyperus rotundus, Iris pseudacorus, Juncus effusus, Lythrum salicaria, Menta aquatica, Phragmites australis, Scirpus holoschoenus, and Typha angustifolia) was investigated using real groundwater from an industrial site, over a 90-day exposure period. A "phytobial" treatment was included, with 3 plant growth-promoting rhizobacterial strains.

Endoscopic Surveillance of the Intestinal Allograft: Recommendations From the Intestinal Rehabilitation and Transplant Association Working Group.

Intestinal transplant (ITx) rejection lacks a reliable noninvasive biomarker and rejection surveillance relies on serial endoscopies and mucosal biopsies followed by histologic assessment. Endoscopic biopsies are also essential for identifying other ITx-related complications such as infectious, allergic, and inflammatory graft enteritis as well as post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease or graft versus host disease. In spite of its central role in ITx, published guidelines on endoscopy and biopsy are lacking and significant variability between centers in terms of timing and technical performance exists.

Toxicological assessment of pristine and degraded forms of graphene functionalized with MnOx nanoparticles using human in vitro models representing different exposure routes.

The development of novel advanced nanomaterials (NMs) with outstanding characteristics for their use in distinct applications needs to be accompanied by the generation of knowledge on their potential toxicological impact, in particular, that derived from different occupational risk exposure routes, such as inhalation, ingestion, and skin contact. The harmful effects of novel graphene-metal oxide composites on human health are not well understood, many toxicological properties have not been investigated yet. The present study has evaluated several toxicological effects associated with graphene decorated with manganese oxide nanoparticles (GNA15), in a comparative assessment with those induced by simple graphene (G2), on human models representing inhalation (A549 cell line), ingestion (HT29 cell line) and dermal routes (3D reconstructed skin).

On the Tunability of Toxicity for Viologen-Derivatives as Anolyte for Neutral Aqueous Organic Redox Flow Batteries.

Viologen-derivatives are the most widely used redox organic molecules for neutral pH negative electrolyte of redox flow batteries. However, the long-established toxicity of the herbicide methyl-viologen raises concern for deployment of viologen-derivatives at large scale in flow batteries. Herein, we demonstrate the radically different cytotoxicity and toxicology of a series of viologen-derivatives in in vitro assays using model organisms representative of human and environmental exposure, namely human lung carcinoma epithelial cell line (A549) and the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

[Expert recommendations on the use of teduglutide in pediatric patients with short bowel syndrome].

Short bowel syndrome is a low-incidence disorder among pediatric patients, but it is associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. Management of these patients by an interdisciplinary team of experts focused on intestinal rehabilitation improves short- and long-term outcomes. Available resources for treatment include teduglutide, a glucagon-like peptide type 2 (GLP-2) analog made by recombinant techniques.

Induction Versus Maintenance Immunosuppression After Intestinal Transplant: Determining Which Treatment Most Impacts Long-Term Patient And Graft Survival.

Objectives: Immunosuppressive strategies for intestinal transplant have changed over time. However, specific intestinal transplant-oriented protocols and reports on long-term maintenance regimens are scarce. Our objective was to evaluate the impact of 2 different initial immunosuppressive protocols based on thymoglobulin (group A) and basiliximab (anti-interleukin 2 antibody) (group B) and of changes to maintenance immunosuppression over long-term follow-up in intestinal transplant recipients.

Toxicology assessment of manganese oxide nanomaterials with enhanced electrochemical properties using human in vitro models representing different exposure routes.

In the present study, a comparative human toxicity assessment between newly developed MnO nanoparticles with enhanced electrochemical properties (GNA35) and their precursor material (MnO) was performed, employing different in vitro cellular models representing main exposure routes (inhalation, intestinal and dermal contact), namely the human alveolar carcinoma epithelial cell line (A549), the human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell line (HT29), and the reconstructed 3D human epidermal model EpiDerm. The obtained results showed that MnO and GNA35 harbour similar morphological characteristics, whereas differences were observed in relation to their surface area and electrochemical properties. In regard to their toxicological properties, both nanomaterials induced ROS in the A549 and HT29 cell lines, while cell viability reduction was only observed in the A549 cells.

Successful pregnancy in a patient with short bowel syndrome after surgical rehabilitation and sGLP-2 treatment: novel report on endogenous GLP-2 levels at delivery and during breastfeeding.

Pregnant patients with short bowel syndrome (SBS) and chronic intestinal failure (CIF) can successfully reach to term their pregnancies while on parenteral nutrition (PN) but with high rates of complications. The combination of rehabilitation surgery, combined with the use of novel treatment with enterohormones, especially semisynthetic glucagon-like peptide 2 (sGLP-2), has increased the chances to achieve intestinal sufficiency. Here, we report the case of a 33-year-old female with SBS/CIF (anatomy type 2), weaned off PN using sGLP-2 for 3.

Comparative toxicological assessment of three soils polluted with different levels of hydrocarbons and heavy metals using in vitro and in vivo approaches.

The biological effects induced by the pollutants present in soils, together with the chemical and physical characterizations, are good indicators to provide a general overview of their quality. However, the existence of studies where the toxicity associated to soils contaminated with mixtures of pollutants applying both in vitro and in vivo models are scarce. In this work, three soils (namely, Soil 001, Soil 002 and Soil 013) polluted with different concentrations of hydrocarbons and heavy metals were evaluated using different organisms representative of human (HepG2 human cell line) and environmental exposure (the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the Gram-negative bacterium Pseudomonas putida and, for the in vivo evaluation, the annelid Enchytraeus crypticus).

Evaluation of biostimulation, bioaugmentation, and organic amendments application on the bioremediation of recalcitrant hydrocarbons of soil.

In the present work, the operational conditions for improving the degradation rates of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPHs) in contaminated soil from a machinery park were optimized at a microcosms scale along a 90-days incubation period. In this study, bioremediation strategies and an organic amendment have been tested to verify the remediation of soil contaminated with different hydrocarbons, mineral oils, and heavy metals. Specifically, designed biostimulation and bioaugmentation strategies were compared with and without adding vermicompost.

Autologous gastrointestinal reconstruction surgery for short bowel syndrome: the cornerstone for intestinal rehabilitation.

Purpose Of Review: Intestinal failure (IF) evolved from being the last recognized organ failure, to become one of the most progressive fields in terms of therapeutic alternatives and results. Short bowel syndrome (SBS) is the main cause of IF in adults and children. The use of surgery allowed patients with unfavorable anatomy type and length to be wean off parenteral nutrition.

Toxicological assessment of nanocrystalline metal alloys with potential applications in the aeronautical field.

The development of new candidate alloys with outstanding characteristics for their use in the aeronautical field is one of the main priorities for the sector. In this context, nanocrystaline (nc) alloys are considered relevant materials due to their special features, such as their exceptional physical and mechanical properties. However, another important point that needs to be considered with newly developed alloys is the potential toxicological impact that these materials may have in humans and other living organisms.

Non-conventional vascular accesses for the management of superior vena cava syndrome in patients with Intestinal Failure. Case series and systematic review.

Background: Type III Intestinal Failure (IF) is a devastating clinical condition.characterized by the inability of the gut to absorb necessary macronutrients, and/or water and electrolytes, requiring Parenteral Nutrition (PN) as chronic therapy. Long-term PN may lead to life-threatening complications; the loss of central venous access (LCVA) is the most frequent and challenging.