Outcome of COVID-19-Associated Acute Stroke: A Study from South India.

Background And Objective: Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) infection is prevalent worldwide. COVID-19 infection can lead to various neurological disorders including acute stroke. We investigated the functional outcome and its determinants among our patients with acute stroke associated with COVID-19 infection in the present setup.

Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension - Challenges and Pearls.

Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is defined as a syndrome of raised intracranial pressure with normal imaging of the brain and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) composition. There is a rising incidence and prevalence of this disease related to the increased prevalence of obesity. It typically affects women of working age, and headache is the predominant morbidity in over 90%.

Vasculitic Neuropathy: A Retrospective Analysis of Nerve Biopsies and Clinical Features from a Single Tertiary Care Center.

Objective: Vasculitic neuropathy can be either restricted to the peripheral nerves or associated with systemic involvement of other organs. The objective of this study was to analyze the nerve biopsies reported as "vasculitic neuropathy" with clinical features.

Materials And Methods: All cases diagnosed with vasculitic neuropathy were retrospectively analyzed and categorized as systemic vasculitis and nonsystemic vasculitic neuropathy based on the clinical features.

Association of Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D in Carotid Intima-media Thickness: A Study from South India.

Background: Abnormal carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) is a marker of carotid atherosclerosis which is a risk factor for cerebrovascular and cardiovascular diseases. Recent studies have found an association of 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency with abnormal carotid IMT.

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to investigate the association of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels with carotid IMT in Indian participants.

Anti-ganglioside antibodies profile in Guillain-Barré syndrome: Correlation with clinical features, electrophysiological pattern, and outcome.

Background: Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) and its subtypes are associated with distinct anti-ganglioside antibodies. Hence, we aimed to determine the frequency of anti-ganglioside antibodies and its correlation with clinical features, electrophysiological patterns, and outcome in patients with GBS.

Material And Methods: The data regarding clinical features, electrophysiological patterns, and outcome at 6 months were collected and analyzed from the case records of patients diagnosed with GBS during 2008-2013 at a tertiary care hospital in south India.

Prevalence and risk factors of asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis in Indian population: An 8-year follow-up study.

Background: Asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis (ACAS) is a marker for cerebrovascular disease, coronary atherosclerosis, and death.

Aim: To investigate the prevalence of ACAS in the Indian population, and to correlate ACAS with other vascular risk factors.

Materials And Methods: We prospectively recruited 1500 individuals who were older than 40 years and asymptomatic for cerebrovascular disease between June 2003 and December 2014.

A prospective study of diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging abnormalities in patients with cluster of seizures and status epilepticus.

Objective: To study the frequency, imaging characteristics, and clinical predictors for development of periictal diffusion weighted MRI abnormalities.

Methods: We prospectively analyzed electro clinical and imaging characteristic of adult patients with cluster of seizures or status epilepticus between November 2013 and November 2015, in whom the diffusion weighted imaging was done within 24h after the end of last seizure (clinical or electrographic).

Results: There were thirty patients who fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Association Between Chlamydia pneumoniae and Migraine: A Study from a Tertiary Center in India.

Aims: To investigate the association between circulating Chlamydia pneumoniae (C pneumoniae) immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody and migraine in Indian patients.

Methods: A total of 300 migraine patients and 150 age-matched and sex-matched controls were recruited from the Department of Neurology at Yashoda Hospital in Hyderabad, India, during the study period between August 2011 and July 2013. All patients and controls were assessed for the presence of the C pneumoniae IgG antibody and also C-reactive protein (CRP) as well as for depression, which was assessed by the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS).

Prevalence and risk factors of carotid intima-media thickness in asymptomatic individual subjects in a tertiary care center in India.

Background: Carotid intima-media thickness (IMT) is increasingly identified as a marker of atherosclerosis and increased risk of cerebrovascular disease.

Aim: We aimed to investigate the prevalence of carotid IMT in asymptomatic Indian individuals, more than 40 years of age, and correlate it with other risk factors for cerebrovascular ischemia.

Materials And Methods: Individuals attending outpatient services of Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, who were asymptomatic for cerebrovascular ischemia underwent detailed history and carotid Doppler examination.

Comparative analysis of four disease prediction models of Parkinson's disease.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a multi-factorial disorder with high-penetrant mutations accounting for small percentage of PD. Our previous studies demonstrated individual association of genetic variants in folate, xenobiotic, and dopamine metabolic pathways with PD risk. The rational of the study was to develop a risk prediction model for PD using these genetic polymorphisms along with synuclein (SNCA) polymorphism.

Comparison of frequencies of non motor symptoms in Indian Parkinson's disease patients on medical management versus deep brain stimulation: A case-control study.

Background: Non motor symptoms (NMS) of idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD) are a major cause of disability and recognition of these symptoms and treatment is important for comprehensive health care. Deep brain stimulation of bilateral subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (STN DBS) has been shown to improve motor symptoms in PD and effects on NMS are unknown. To investigate the NMS among PD patients who underwent STN DBS.

Association of Parkinson's disease with altered serum levels of lead and transition metals among South Indian subjects.

Several epidemiologic studies have suggested an association between the Parkinson's disease (PD) and exposure to heavy metals, such as lead, iron, copper, manganese, etc. A growing body of evidence suggests that heavy metals stimulate free radical formation in the brain and can lead to neurodegeneration. In the present study, we investigated whether such association exists in PD cases from rural and urban areas in our study population.

Impact of COMT H108L, MAOB int 13 A>G and DRD2 haplotype on the susceptibility to Parkinson's disease in South Indian subjects.

In view of documented evidence demonstrating the association of dopaminergic metabolism and neurotransmission with Parkinson's disease (PD), a case-control study was conducted to investigate the impact of particular polymorphisms in the catechol O-methyl transferase (COMT) H108L, monoamine oxidase B (MAOB) int 13 A>G, dopamine transporter 1 (DAT1) A1215G, dopamine receptor D2 (DRD2) Taq1A, DRD2 Taq1B and DRD2 Taq1D genes on the susceptibility to PD. PCR-RFLP method was used for the genetic analysis. The COMT H108L polymorphism increased PD risk by 1.

Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin d deficiency in ischemic stroke and subtypes in Indian patients.

Background And Purpose: Vitamin D deficiency is common across all age groups and may contribute to cardiovascular diseases. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency causing ischemic stroke has been documented in recent reports.

Aim: To investigate the association of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D deficiency with ischemic stroke and subtypes.

Association of seven functional polymorphisms of one-carbon metabolic pathway with total plasma homocysteine levels and susceptibility to Parkinson's disease among South Indians.

This study from South India was performed to ascertain the impact of seven functional polymorphisms of one-carbon metabolic pathway on total plasma homocysteine levels and susceptibility to PD. A total of 151 cases of Parkinson's disease and 416 healthy controls were analyzed for fasting plasma homocysteine levels by reverse phase HPLC. PCR-RFLP approaches were used to analyze glutamate carboxypeptidase II (GCPII) 1561 C>T, reduced folate carrier 1 (RFC1) 80 G>A, cytosolic serine hydroxymethyl transferase (cSHMT) 1420 C>T, methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) 677 C>T, methionine synthase (MTR) 2756 A>G and methionine synthase reductase (MTRR) 66 A>G polymorphisms.

Deficiency of 25-hydroxyvitamin d and dyslipidemia in Indian subjects.

Background. Vitamin D deficiency is widespread throughout the world. Several reports have incriminated vitamin D deficiency as the cause of rickets, osteomalacia, and other chronic diseases.

Sexual dimorphism in xenobiotic genetic variants-mediated risk for Parkinson's disease.

The vulnerability of dopaminergic neurons to environmental exposures in sporadic Parkinson's disease (PD) has been attributed to altered detoxification by xenobiotic metabolizing genes. Hence, we investigated the influence of genetic polymorphisms in xenobiotic metabolic pathway (CYP1A1 m1, CYP1A1 m2, CYP1A1 m4, COMT p.H108L, GSTT1, and GSTM1) on the susceptibility to PD.

Guillain Barre syndrome as a manifestation of neurological melioidosis.

Neurological melioidosis is a very rare and very few cases have been reported from India. Presentation is an extremely varied and as this disease is associated with high mortality, high index of suspicion is needed to diagnose and treat. In this context, we report a patient presenting as Guillain Barre syndrome evaluated as melioidosis.

Incidence of malignancies in biopsy-proven inflammatory myopathy.

Background: Inflammatory myopathy (IM) as a manifestation of paraneoplastic syndrome has been well-documented. However, the prevalence of malignancies reported varies across the studies. There are very few studies reported from Asia, only one from India.

Cerebral glucose metabolism, clinical, neuropsychological, and radiological profile in patients with corticobasal syndrome.

Background: Corticobasal syndrome (CBS) is characterized by progressive asymmetric rigidity and localized cortical disorders namely apraxia, cortical, sensory loss, focal dystonia, and refractory to levodopa treatment.

Aim: To study the cerebral glucose-metabolism, cognitive, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features in patients with CBS.

Materials And Methods: Seventeen consecutive patients with CBS who fulfilled the criteria proposed by Lang et al.