Management of persistent exudative retinal detachment: exploring etiology and surgical outcomes.

Background: This report aims to present the causes, clinical features, and surgical outcomes of persistent exudative retinal detachment (ERD) in a single tertiary referral center experience.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 48 patients who underwent vitreoretinal intervention for persistent ERD between 2017 and 2024. The study assessed patient demographics, underlying causes of ERD, the success rate of surgical interventions, and postoperative visual outcomes.

Usage of ectoine as a cryoprotectant for cryopreservation of lactic acid bacteria.

Streptococcus thermophilus, the only Streptococcus species considered "Generally Recognized Safe", has been used widely in the food industry. This bacterium is one of the most valuable industrial lactic acid bacterial species. Due to the importance of this bacterium in industrial applications, it should be stored for a long time without losing its metabolic properties.

Choroidal vascular index in cystoid macular edema associated with retinitis pigmentosa.

Background: Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is an inherited degenerative disease characterized by night blindness (nyctalopia), visual field defects, and varying degrees of vision loss. Choroid tissue has an essential role in the pathophysiology of many chorioretinal diseases. The choroidal vascularity index (CVI) is a choroidal parameter obtained as the ratio of the luminal choroidal area to the total choroidal area.

Early localized alterations of the retinal inner plexiform layer in association with visual field worsening in glaucoma patients.

Glaucoma is a chronic neurodegenerative disease of the optic nerve and a leading cause of irreversible blindness, worldwide. While the experimental research using animal models provides growing information about cellular and molecular processes, parallel analysis of the clinical presentation of glaucoma accelerates the translational progress towards improved understanding, treatment, and clinical testing of glaucoma. Optic nerve axon injury triggers early alterations of retinal ganglion cell (RGC) synapses with function deficits prior to manifest RGC loss in animal models of glaucoma.

The Effect of Topical Cyclopentolate on Anterior Segment Parameters in Patients with Keratoconus.

Objectives: To investigate the effect of cycloplegia on anterior segment structures in keratoconus and forme fruste keratoconus patients using corneal topography.

Materials And Methods: In this study, 40 patients with keratoconus (group 1), 40 patients with forme fruste keratoconus (group 2), and 40 healthy subjects (group 3) were evaluated prospectively. Flat keratometry (K) value (K1), steep K value (K2), mean K value (Kmean), maximum K value (Kmax), corneal astigmatism value, anterior chamber depth (ACD), symmetry index front, symmetry index back, thinnest corneal thickness, central corneal thickness and corneal volume were measured using Sirius topography before and after cycloplegia.

Use of Intravitreal Bevacizumab for the Treatment of Secondary Glaucoma Caused by Metastatic Iris Tumor.

Purpose: The purpose of this article was to report the efficacy of intravitreal bevacizumab to resolve secondary angle-closure glaucoma caused by biliary tract carcinoma metastasis to the iris.

Materials And Methods: A 52-year-old white woman who was under systemic chemotherapy for biliary tract carcinoma presented with a metastatic tumor in the left iris. At presentation, her visual acuity was at the 20/50 level.

Visual Results Following Implantation of a Refractive Multifocal Intraocular Lens in One Eye and a Diffractive in the Contralateral Eye.

Objectives: To assess the visual outcomes in patients who underwent cataract surgery with multifocal intraocular lens (IOL) implantation using a "mix and match" approach.

Materials And Methods: Twenty patients (40 eyes) were involved in this prospective, nonrandomized study. Refractive multifocal IOLs (ReZoom NXG1) were implanted in patients' dominant eyes and diffractive multifocal IOLs (Tecnis ZMA00) were implanted in their non-dominant eyes.

Corneal Biomechanical Properties in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome.

Objectives: To investigate the corneal biomechanical properties and anterior segment parameters in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS).

Methods: Fifty-four eyes of 54 patients with OSAS and 20 eyes of 20 healthy subjects were included. Patients with mild and moderate OSAS (Respiratory Disturbance Index [RDI] <30) enrolled in group 1, those with severe OSAS (RDI≥30) in group 2 and controls in group 3.

Dry Eye Assessment in Patients With Vitiligo.

Purpose: To evaluate tear osmolarity and tear film parameters in patients with vitiligo.

Methods: A total of 25 eyes of 25 patients with vitiligo with periocular involvement (group 1), 30 eyes of 30 patients with vitiligo without periocular involvement (group 2), and 20 eyes of 20 controls (group 3) were evaluated using the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire, Schirmer I test, tear film breakup time, scoring of ocular surface fluorescein staining using a modified Oxford scale, and tear osmolarity.

Results: Mean tear osmolarity was 332 ± 16.

Persistence of the Cone on the Posterior Corneal Surface Affecting Corneal Aberration Changes After Intracorneal Ring Segment Implantation in Patients With Keratoconus.

Purpose: To analyze the changes in anterior and posterior corneal surfaces and aberrations in patients who underwent intracorneal ring segment (ICRS) implantation for the treatment of keratoconus.

Methods: Eighty-nine eyes of 59 patients with keratoconus who underwent ICRS implantation were analyzed. All eyes were evaluated using a tomography system combining a Placido disc and Scheimpflug photography before and at least 6 months after surgery.

Corneal biomechanical features in patients with ankylosing spondylitis.

Purpose: To evaluate the corneal biomechanical features and central corneal thickness in ankylosing spondylitis patients and to evaluate correlations of these parameters with disease activity.

Methods: The study included 51 patients diagnosed with ankylosing spondylitis (mean age, 40.80 ± 13.

Alterations in biomechanical properties of the cornea among patients with polycystic kidney disease.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the corneal biomechanical features in polycystic kidney disease (PKD) patients and compare them with the healthy individuals.

Methods: Totally 81 patients with a mean age of 48.46 ± 14.

The significance of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio in idiopathic epiretinal membrane.

Purpose: To assess the levels of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in patients with idiopathic epiretinal membrane (iERM) and to compare the NLR results of patients with iERM and healthy controls.

Methods: This retrospective study enrolled 43 patients with iERM and 40 healthy subjects. Complete ophthalmologic examination and complete blood count measurements were performed of all subjects.

Green laser induced foveal cyst sustained in a recreational laser light show.

We report the case of a 9-year-old boy complained of visual loss in his right eye after watching green laser light show being hit by a ray of a laser at shopping center before five days ago. The laser had a maximum power rating of 30 mW (US Food and Drug Administration class IIIB). Best-corrected visual acuity in his right eye was 0.

Tear osmolarity and ocular surface parameters in patients with psoriasis.

Purpose:: The aim of this study was to evaluate tear osmolarity, tear film function, and ocular surface changes in patients with psoriasis.

Methods:: At a single center, 30 eyes of 30 patients with psoriasis (group 1) and 30 eyes of 30 healthy individuals (group 2) were evaluated using the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire, Schirmer I test, tear film break-up time (TBUT) test, scoring of ocular surface fluorescein staining using a modified Oxford scale, and tear osmolarity measurement.

Results:: Tear osmolarity values, OSDI, and Oxford scale scores were significantly higher in group 1 (309.

The Relationship between Metabolic Syndrome, Its Components, and Dry Eye: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate tear osmolarity and tear film function and ocular surface changes in patients with metabolic syndrome.

Methods: 108 eyes of 64 patients with metabolic syndrome (group 1) and 110 eyes of 55 healthy individuals (group 2) were included in this cross-sectional study. All participants were evaluated using the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire, Schirmer I test, tear film break-up time (TBUT), and tear osmolarity.

Risk factors for multiple retinal tears in patients with acute posterior vitreous detachment.

Purpose: To evaluate possible risk factors for multiple retinal tears in patients with acute posterior vitreous detachment.

Materials And Methods: Three hundred and seventy-six consecutive patients presenting with symptoms of floaters and/or flashes were examined. The associations of retinal tears with the duration of symptoms, multiple floaters, flashing, a family history of retinal detachment, peripheral retinal degeneration, lens status, myopia, tobacco dust, and retinal or vitreous hemorrhage were analyzed.

The assessment of macular electrophysiology and macular morphology in patients with vitiligo.

Purpose: We aimed to analyze the electrophysiologic function and morphology of macula in vitiligo patients.

Methods: Seventeen patients with vitiligo and 11 healthy subjects were studied. All participants underwent multifocal electroretinography (mfERG) and spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) evaluations.

Evaluation of inner segment/outer segment junctions in different types of epiretinal membranes.

Purpose:: This study was conducted to evaluate the relationships of inner/outer segment (IS/OS) junction disruption, macular thickness, and epiretinal membrane (ERM) grade with best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), as well as the relationship between IS/OS junction disruption and ERM grade.

Methods:: Fifty-four eyes of 54 patients with different grades of ERM were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were classified into three groups by ERM grade according to retinal striae and vessel distortion: grade/group 1, visible membranes without retinal striae or vessel distortion; grade/group 2, mild to moderate macular striae or vessel straightening; and grade/group 3, moderate to severe striae and vascular straightening.

Comparision of Optical Low Coherence Reflectometry Versus Ultrasonic Biometry in High Hypermetropia.

Purpose: To compare anterior chamber depth (ACD), axial length (AL), and lens thickness (LT) measurements obtained by the Lenstar LS 900 (Haag-Streit AG) optical low-coherence reflectometry with those obtained by the A-scan contact ultrasound among patients with moderate and high hypermetropia.

Methods: Fifty-two eyes of 52 patients with moderate and high hypermetropia (spherical equivalent of +4 D or more) were examined in this study measurements of ACD, AL, and LT obtained by Lenstar were compared with those obtained by applanation A-scan ultrasound. All measurements were obtained by two independent examiners.

Dry Eye Assessment in Patients With Vitamin D Deficiency.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate tear film function in patients with vitamin D deficiency.

Methods: In a single center, 60 eyes of 30 patients with vitamin D deficiency (group 1), and 60 eyes of 30 healthy individuals (group 2) were evaluated using the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire, Schirmer I test, tear break-up time (TBUT), scoring of ocular surface fluorescein staining using a modified Oxford scale, and tear osmolarity.

Results: Tear osmolarity values, OSDI, and Oxford scale scores were significantly higher in group 1 (309±9 mOsm/L, 35.

The Effects of Hemodialysis on Tear Osmolarity.

Aim. To determine the effects of hemodialysis (HD) on tear osmolarity and to define the blood biochemical tests correlating with tear osmolarity among patients with end stage renal disease (ESRD). Material-Method.

Correlation of choroidal thickness with serum cortisol level.

Background: The aim was to investigate the correlation of serum cortisol level with choroidal thickness.

Methods: Sixty-six healthy volunteers had no visual complaints or history of ocular disease. Subfoveal choroidal thickness at the foveal centre was measured with spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT).

Effects of adding dexmedetomidine to levobupivacaine in axillary brachial plexus block.

Background: Although several studies have described effects of dexmedetomidine on peripheral nerve blocks, to date there is limited knowledge available on the impact of dexmedetomidine adjunct to levobupivacaine in axillary brachial plexus block.

Objective: In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of adding dexmedetomidine to levobupivacaine for an axillary brachial plexus block.

Methods: A total of 64 patients of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I/II scheduled to undergo forearm and hand surgery, in which an axillary block was used, were enrolled.