Phenotypic characteristics of adipocyte-like cells generated from C2C12 myoblasts cultured with chicken serum.

The aim of this study was to clarify the transcriptional and metabolic characteristics of C2C12 myoblasts cultured in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) containing 20 % chicken serum (CHS) (C2C12-CHS cells) compared with C2C12 myoblasts cultured in DMEM containing 20 % fetal bovine serum (FBS) (C2C12-FBS cells). After 3 days of culture, C2C12-CHS cells showed a marked accumulation of lipid droplets, accompanied by increased expression levels of brown adipocyte-related genes (i.e.

Suppression of FoxO1 mRNA by β -adrenoceptor-cAMP signaling through miR-374b-5p and miR-7a-1-3p in C2C12 myotubes.

β -Adrenoceptor (β -AR) signaling decreases the transcriptional activity of forkhead box O (FoxO), but the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood. Here, we investigated how β -AR signaling regulates the protein abundance of FoxO and its transcriptional activity in skeletal muscle. We observed that stimulation of β -AR with its selective agonist, clenbuterol, rapidly decreased FoxO1 mRNA expression, and this was accompanied by a decrease in either FoxO1 protein level or FoxO transcriptional activity.

Effects of delaying post-hatch feeding on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme mRNA expression in the pectoralis major muscle of newly hatched chicks.

Excessive lipid peroxidation negatively affects the physiological response and meat quality of chickens. Delaying post-hatch feeding was previously found to increase lipid peroxidation in the skeletal muscle of finishing broiler chickens. The aims of this study were to investigate the effects of delayed post-hatch feeding on lipid peroxidation and the mRNA expressions of antioxidant enzymes in the pectoralis major muscle of broiler chicks during the post-hatching period.

Feeding the Outer Bran Fraction of Rice Alters Hepatic Carbohydrate Metabolism in Rats.

Dietary intake of fiber-rich food has been reported to contribute to multiple health benefits. The aim of the current study is to investigate the effects of a diet containing the outer bran fraction of rice (OBFR), which is rich in insoluble fiber, on the intestinal environment and metabolite profiles of rats. Fourteen 8-week-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into a control group and an OBFR group.

Insulin acutely increases glucose transporter 1 on plasma membranes and glucose uptake in an AKT-dependent manner in chicken adipocytes.

Avian glucose transporters (GLUT) responsible for insulin-responsive glucose uptake into adipocytes remain poorly characterized. We aimed to identify the insulin-responsive GLUT using primary culture of chicken adipocytes. Acute stimulation with 1 μM insulin for 20 min increased 2-deoxyglucose uptake, AKT protein phosphorylation, and GLUT1 protein levels on the plasma membrane of the chicken adipocytes, whereas pretreatment with 10 μM triciribine, an AKT inhibitor, canceled these effects.