Cefiderocol AST in a real-life Klebsiella pneumoniae collection: challenges in the ATU range.

Objectives: FDC susceptibility testing is challenging as none of the commercial tests have been proven to accurately determine the susceptibility in the area of technical uncertainty (ATU). Here, we evaluated the performance of different FDC testing methods on Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates around this range.

Methods: A challenging collection of 104 K.

Simultaneous clonal spread of NDM-1-producing ST773 from Ukrainian patients in the Netherlands and Spain.

Objectives: We describe the clonal spread of New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase (NDM) 1-producing isolates belonging to the ST773 clone in Spain and the Netherlands, associated with the transfer of Ukrainian patients during the war.

Methods: Between March and December 2022, nine NDM-1-producing ST773 isolates were recovered from nine Ukrainian patients evacuated to two Spanish ( = 3) and five Dutch ( = 6) hospitals. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was studied (Sensititre, Microscan, EUCAST-2023).

Occurrence of multi-carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales in a tertiary hospital in Madrid (Spain): A new epidemiologic scenario.

Introduction: Multi-carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (M-CPE) are increasingly described. We characterized the M-CPE isolates prospectively recovered in our hospital (Madrid, Spain) over two years (2021-2022).

Methods: We collected 796 carbapenem resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) from clinical and surveillance samples.

Risk factors and clinical impact of multidrug resistance in healthcare-associated bacteraemic urinary tract infections: a post-hoc analysis of a multicentre prospective cohort in Spain.

Background: The global burden associated with antimicrobial resistance is of increasing concern.

Aim: To evaluate risk factors associated with multidrug-resistant (MDR) infection and its clinical impact in a cohort of patients with healthcare-associated bacteraemic urinary tract infections (BUTIs).

Methods: This was a prospective, multicentre, post-hoc analysis of patients with healthcare-associated-BUTI (ITUBRAS-2).

Evolution of ceftazidime-avibactam and cefiderocol resistance in ST131-H30R1- isolates with KPC-3 mutants and application of FTIR biotyping.

Ceftazidime-avibactam and cefiderocol represent two of the few alternatives for infections by KPC-producing Enterobacterales. We reported the emergence of resistance to both ceftazidime-avibactam and cefiderocol in a KPC-producing ST131- (KPC-ST131-) clinical isolate. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, whole-genome sequencing, and cloning experiments were performed.

A long-term survey of spp. bloodstream infections revealed an increase of antimicrobial resistance involving adult population.

spp. is a well-recognized pathogen in neonates; however, limited data are available in adults. We studied microbiological and clinical characteristics of spp.

First detection in Spain of NDM-1-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa in two patients transferred from Ukraine to a university hospital.

Objectives: Carbapenemase-mediated carbapenem resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a relevant health problem. We detected for the first time in Spain two clinical NDM-producing P. aeruginosa (NDM-Pa) isolates in two Ukrainian patients admitted to our hospital between April and August 2022.

Deciphering mechanisms affecting cefepime-taniborbactam in vitro activity in carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales and carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas spp. isolates recovered during a surveillance study in Spain.

Purpose: To characterize the resistance mechanisms affecting the cefepime-taniborbactam combination in a collection of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE) and carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas spp. (predominantly P. aeruginosa; CRPA) clinical isolates.

Treatment guidelines for multidrug-resistant Gram-negative microorganisms.

In recent years, new antimicrobials have been introduced in therapeutics, including new beta-lactam-beta-lactamase inhibitor combinations and cefiderocol in response to therapeutic needs in the face of increasing resistance. There are also different treatment guidelines for infections caused by these microorganisms that have been approved by different professional societies, including those of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (ESCMID), the Infectious Disease Society of America (IDSA) and the Spanish Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology (SEIMC). All of them are based on scientific evidence, but with differences in the weight of expert opinion in their recommendations.

Multicenter evaluation of BioFire JI panel related to improved microbiological diagnostics on acute osteoarticular infections.

Microbiological diagnosis of osteoarticular infections (OI) is crucial for a successful treatment. A prospective multicenter study including 262 synovial fluids with suspicion of acute OI was performed between July 2021 and October of 2022. BioFire Joint Infection Panel multiplex-PCR test was performed and results were compared with conventional cultures of synovial fluid specimens.

Ten Issues to Update in Nosocomial or Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia: An Expert Review.

Nosocomial pneumonia, or hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP), and ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) are important health problems worldwide, with both being associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. HAP is currently the main cause of death from nosocomial infection in critically ill patients. Although guidelines for the approach to this infection model are widely implemented in international health systems and clinical teams, information continually emerges that generates debate or requires updating in its management.

Significant increase of CTX-M-15-ST131 and emergence of CTX-M-27-ST131 Escherichia coli high-risk clones causing healthcare-associated bacteraemia of urinary origin in Spain (ITUBRAS-2 project).

Objectives: To assess the microbiological characteristics of Escherichia coli causing healthcare-associated bacteraemia of urinary origin (HCA-BUO) in Spain (ITUBRAS-2 project), with particular focus on ESBL producers and isolates belonging to ST131 high-risk clone (HiRC). Clinical characteristics and outcomes associated with ST131 infection were investigated.

Methods: A total of 222 E.

Automatic Discrimination of Species within the Enterobacter cloacae Complex Using Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization-Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry and Supervised Algorithms.

The Enterobacter cloacae complex (ECC) encompasses heterogeneous clusters of species that have been associated with nosocomial outbreaks. These species may have different acquired antimicrobial resistance and virulence mechanisms, and their identification is challenging. This study aims to develop predictive models based on matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) profiles and machine learning for species-level identification.

Outbreak by KPC-62-producing ST307 Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates resistant to ceftazidime/avibactam and cefiderocol in a university hospital in Madrid, Spain.

Objectives: Ceftazidime/avibactam and cefiderocol are two of the latest antibiotics with activity against a wide variety of Gram-negatives, including carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales. We sought to describe the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of ceftazidime/avibactam- and cefiderocol-resistant KPC-Klebsiella pneumoniae (KPC-Kp) detected during an outbreak in 2020 in the medical ICU of our hospital.

Methods: We collected 11 KPC-Kp isolates (6 clinical; 5 surveillance samples) resistant to ceftazidime/avibactam and cefiderocol from four ICU patients (November 2020 to January 2021), without prior exposure to these agents.

Non-perinatal listeriosis: Changes in frequency, clinical spectrum and prognostic factors.

Introduction: Listeria monocytogenes infection is a severe disease affecting mainly aged people and patients with immune depression. The incidence of listeriosis seems to be increasing. In the present study cases of listeriosis from two hospitals are analyzed with the aims of studying changes in its incidence, clinical forms of presentation and possible factors associated with mortality.

Executive summary of the consensus document of the Spanish Society of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology (SEIMC) on the diagnosis and antimicrobial treatment of infections due to carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria.

Infections caused by multidrug resistant Gram-negative bacteria are becoming a worldwide problem due to their increasing incidence and associated high mortality. Carbapenem-resistant bacteria such as Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii are the most important in clinical practice. The objective of these guidelines is to update the recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of infections caused by these multidrug resistant bacteria.

Antibacterial spectrum of cefiderocol.

Cefiderocol, a siderophore catechol cephalosporin, recently introduced in the market has been developed to enhance the in vitro activity of extended spectrum cephalosporins and to avoid resistance mechanisms affecting cephalosporins and carbapenems. The in vitro study of cefiderocol in the laboratory requires iron depleted media when MIC values are determined by broth microdilution. Disk diffusion presents good correlation with MIC values.

Impact of Ceftazidime-Avibactam Treatment in the Emergence of Novel KPC Variants in the ST307-Klebsiella pneumoniae High-Risk Clone and Consequences for Their Routine Detection.

The emergence of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates carrying novel variants conferring ceftazidime-avibactam (CAZ/AVI) resistance is being increasingly reported. We evaluated the accuracy of phenotypic methods commonly used in routine clinical laboratories in the detection of novel K. pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC) enzymes.

Activity of Cefepime-Taniborbactam against Carbapenemase-Producing and Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates Recovered in Spain.

Novel β-lactam-β-lactamase inhibitor combinations currently approved for clinical use are poorly active against metallo-β-lactamase (MBL)-producing strains. We evaluated the activity of cefepime-taniborbactam (FTB [formerly cefepime-VNRX-5133]) and comparator agents against carbapenemase-producing ( = 247) and carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas species ( = 170) clinical isolates prospectively collected from different clinical origins in patients admitted to 8 Spanish hospitals. FTB was the most active agent in both (97.

Implementation of contact isolation strategy for the containment of extended-spectrum β-lactamase carriers in a University Hospital positively affects the epidemiology of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales.

Introduction: The lack of consensus of control measures to prevent extended-spectrum β-lactamase producing Enterobacterales (ESBL-E) transmission in the hospital setting is of great concern. We describe the prevalence and species distribution of ESBL-E and carbapenemase producing Enterobacterales (CPE) in patients admitted in a tertiary Hospital during an active surveillance screening program for detecting ESBL-E carriers and reducing the ESBL-E transmission (R-GNOSIS Project).

Methods: From March-2014 to March-2016, 15,556 rectal swabs were collected from 8209 patients admitted in two medical (Gastroenterology, Pneumology) and two surgical (Neurosurgery, Urology) wards.

COVID-19: Impact on prescribing and antimicrobial resistance.

The onset of the COVID-19 pandemic challenged healthcare systems focusing their activity on patients infected with SARS-CoV-2. Previous experience with co-infections and superinfections in patients infected with other coronaviruses (SARS-CoV and MERS), the influenza patients admitted to hospitals and prevention of the unknown led to the increased empirical use of broad-spectrum antibiotics in hospitals. The breakdown of antimicrobial stewardship and infection control programs determine an increase in infections due to multidrug-resistant bacteria, particularly in intensive care units.