Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative malady that causes progressive degeneration and loss of motor neuron function in the brain and spinal cord, eventually resulting in muscular atrophy, paralysis, and death. Neural stem/progenitor cell (NSPC) transplantation can improve bodily function in animals and delay disease progression in patients with ALS. This paper summarizes and analyzes the efficacy and safety of neural stem/progenitor cell (NSPC) transplantation as a treatment for ALS, aiming to improve function and delay disease progression in patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe APOE 4 allele remains the primary genetic risk factor for sporadic Alzheimer's disease, whereas the APOE 2 allele emerges as a protective factor. Therapeutic approaches in murine models with human APOE alleles, such as modulating APOE levels and converting isoforms, show efficacy. However, there is a lack of in vitro APOE2-mutant human neuronal models.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Appl Mater Interfaces
April 2024
Although significant efforts have been made in the past few decades, the development of affordable, durable, and effective electrocatalysts for direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) remains a formidable challenge. Herein, we present a facile and efficient phosphorization approach for synthesizing PtP intermetallic nanocrystals and utilize them as electrocatalysts in the methanol oxidation reaction (MOR). Impressively, the synthesized PtP nanocatalysts exhibit a mass activity of 2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a serious health-threatening complication of diabetes mellitus characterized by myocardial fibrosis and abnormal cardiac function. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal cells (hUC-MSCs) are a potential therapeutic tool for DCM and myocardial fibrosis via mechanisms such as the regulation of microRNA (miRNA) expression and inflammation. It remains unclear, however, whether hUC-MSC therapy has beneficial effects on cardiac function following different durations of diabetes and which mechanistic aspects of DCM are modulated by hUC-MSC administration at different stages of its development.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a serious clinical condition that has pathological changes such as increased neuroinflammation and nerve tissue damage, which eventually manifests as fibrosis of the injured segment and the development of a spinal cord cavity leading to loss of function. Cell-based therapy, such as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and neural stem cells (NSCs) are promising treatment strategies for spinal cord injury via immunological regulation and neural replacement respectively. However, therapeutic efficacy is rare reported on combined transplantation of MSC and NSC in acute mice spinal cord injury even the potential reinforcement might be foreseen.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground And Aims: Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) a potentially effective disease-modulating therapy for diabetic nephropathy (DN) but their clinical translation has been hampered by incomplete understanding of the optimal timing of administration and in vivo mechanisms of action. This study aimed to elucidate the reno-protective potency and associated mechanisms of single intravenous injections of human umbilical cord-derived MSCs (hUC-MSCs) following shorter and longer durations of diabetes.
Methods: A streptozotocin (STZ)-induced model of diabetes and DN was established in C57BL/6 mice.
Apolipoprotein E4 (APOE4), although yet-to-be fully understood, increases the risk and lowers the age of onset of Alzheimer's disease (AD), which is the major cause of dementia among elderly individuals. The endosome-lysosome and autophagy pathways, which are necessary for homeostasis in both neurons and glia, are dysregulated even in early AD. Nonetheless, the contributory roles of these pathways to developing AD-related pathologies in APOE4 individuals and models are unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFC9orf72 genetic mutation is the most common genetic cause of ALS/FTD accompanied by abnormal protein insufficiency. Induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) cultures are providing new approaches. Therefore, this study established neuronal cell types and generated spinal cord organoids (SCOs) derived from C9orf72 knockdown human iPSCs to model ALS disease and screen the unrevealed phenotype.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn this study, fibroblasts were harvested and isolated from a healthy 14-year-old male donor and reprogrammed with four Yamanaka factors containing Oct3/4, Sox2, Klf4 and c-Myc to generate human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines. The resulting iPSCs were integration-free, expressed normal karyotype, displayed pluripotency markers, and have been demonstrated to differentiate into cells with three germ layer. And the iPSCs were further differentiated to chondrosphere in vivo.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe ε4 allele of the lipoprotein E gene (APOE4) is the strongest genetic risk factor associated with sporadic Alzheimer's disease (sAD). While the neuronal cell type-specific function of APOE4 in connection with AD pathology remains understudied. Therefore, we generated an induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) line from a 77-year-old female donor with ApoE4 genetic background.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a complication of diabetes mellitus that endangers human health. DCM results in cardiac dysfunction, which eventually progresses to heart failure. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), a type of multipotent stem cell, have shown promising therapeutic effects in various cardiovascular diseases and diabetic complications in preclinical studies due to their immunomodulatory and regenerative abilities.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSporadic Alzheimer's disease (sAD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease worldwide, which is characterized by the progressive cognitive dysfunction and behavioral impairment. Here, we generated a human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) line from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) isolated from a 78-year-old male patient clinically diagnosed with sAD. The iPSC line expressed pluripotency markers, showed normal karyotype, and had the ability to differentiate into three germ layers in vitro.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMetal phosphides with multi-element components and amorphous structure represent a novel kind of electrocatalysts for promising activity and durability towards the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). In this work, a two-step strategy, including alloying and phosphating processes, is reported to synthesize trimetallic amorphous PdCuNiP phosphide nanoparticles for efficient OER under alkaline conditions. The synergistic effect between Pd, Cu, Ni, and P elements, as well as the amorphous structure of the obtained PdCuNiP phosphide nanoparticles, would boost the intrinsic catalytic activity of Pd nanoparticles towards a wide range of reactions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOxid Med Cell Longev
September 2022
Background: Astrocytes can be involved in motor neuron toxicity in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) induced by noncell autonomous effects, and inflammatory cytokines may play the main role in mediating this process. However, the etiology of aberrant cytokine secretion is unclear. The present study assessed possible involvement of the mTOR-autophagy pathway in aberrant cytokine secretion by ALS patient iPSC-derived astrocytes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFApolipoprotein E (APOE) gene encodes three protein isoforms (APOEε-22/ε-33/ε-44), which governs the transportation and metabolism of lipoproteins differently. While abnormalities in lipid and lipoprotein metabolism have been identified as risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). APOE gene polymorphisms might be correlated with increased risk of T2DM.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe ε4 allele of the Apolipoprotein E gene (APOE4) continues to be the strongest genetic risk factor associated with sporadic Alzheimer's disease since its discovery compared to the most common ε3 allele. Nevertheless, there is a lack of APOE4-mutant human neuronal models in vitroor in vivo. Hence, we presented an iPSC line of an APOE-ε4/ε4 alleles carrier, a male donor suffering from Alzheimer's disease combined with cerebral infarction.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStem Cell Res
December 2021
In this study, skin biopsy was, and the fibroblasts were isolated from the dermal explant cultures. Human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) line was generated from the skin fibroblasts collected from a healthy 50-year old male donor with informed consent. The reprogramming of fibroblasts was performed with four Yamanaka factors containing Oct3/4, Sox2, Klf4 and c-Myc.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFApolipoprotein E ε4 allele (APOE4) is a minor allele of the APOE gene associated with a higher risk for Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and Vascular Dementia (VD). While lipid deposition and chronic inflammation in glia are the commonalities between atherosclerosis, VD, and AD. Hence, we presented an iPSC line of an AD male donor suffering from Cerebrovascular Atherosclerosis with APOE-ε4/ε4 alleles background.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFApolipoprotein E (ApoE) is a lipid-binding protein with ε2, ε3, and ε4 allelic variants in human. The ε4 isoform (ApoE4) is the strongest genetic risk factor for the late-onset form of Alzheimer's disease (AD), and is also associated with multiple neurological disorders, multiple sclerosis, and cerebrovascular disease. Here, induced pluripotent stem cells were derived from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of a 70-year-old male donor with APOE-ε4/ε4 alleles background to explore pathogenesis and screen potential treatment methods in neurodegenerative diseases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn this study, skin biopsy was collected from a healthy 48-year old male donor with informed consent, and the fibroblasts were isolated from the dermal explant cultures. Here, a human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) line was derived from the fibroblasts using the reprogramming four Yamanaka factors (Oct3/4, Sox2, Klf4, c-Myc). The generated iPSCs were integration-free, displayed the normal karyotype, expressed pluripotency markers and demonstrated trilineage differentiation potential in vitro.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPotocki-Lupski syndrome (PTLS; MIM 610883) is a neurodevelopmental disorder associated with a 3.7 Mb copy number variant (CNV) duplication, locating in chromosome 17p11.2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a common disease that results in motor and sensory disorders and even lifelong paralysis. The transplantation of stem cells, such as embryonic stem cells (ESCs), induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), or subsequently generated stem/progenitor cells, is predicted to be a promising treatment for SCI. In this study, we aimed to investigate effect of human iPSC-derived neural stem cells (hiPSC-NSCs) and umbilical cord-derived MSCs (huMSCs) in a mouse model of acute SCI.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Diabetes mellitus as a chronic metabolic disease is threatening human health seriously. Although numerous clinical trials have been registered for the treatment of diabetes with stem cells, no articles have been published to summarize the efficacy and safety of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in randomized controlled trials (RCTs).
Methods And Findings: The aim of this study was to systematically review the evidence from RCTs and, where possible, conduct meta-analyses to provide a reliable numerical summary and the most comprehensive assessment of therapeutic efficacy and safety with MSCs in diabetes.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease and a common cause of dementia among elderly individuals. The disease is characterized by progressive cognitive decline, accumulation of senile amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Human-derived cell models of AD are scarce, and over the years, non-human-derived models have been developed to recapitulate clinical AD, investigate the disease's pathogenesis and develop therapies for the disease.
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