Molecular identification of three cytochrome P450 genes and their potential roles in insecticides tolerance in Grapholita molesta (Busck).

The oriental fruit moth, Grapholita molesta (Busck), is a significant pest of Rosaceae trees worldwide and has developed resistance to various insecticides. Cytochrome P450 play a major role in detoxification of resistance to insecticides in insects. In this study, we found that Piperonyl butoxide (PBO), which inhibits the P450 activity, synergized with abamectin, imidacloprid, and L-cyhalothrin, increasing mortality rates of G.

Fall Armyworm-Induced Secondary Metabolites in Sorghum Defend Against Its Attack.

The fall armyworm (FAW), , is one of the major agricultural pests that has invaded China. The FAW is a polyphagous insect with the gramineous crop sorghum being a key host plant. However, the basis of sorghum's chemical defense against FAW feeding is still unclear.

Assessing the establishment risk for parthenogenetic populations of in global rice-growing areas and potential economic impact in China.

The rice water weevil, Kuschel (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), threatens global rice production, with invasion events driven by its parthenogenetic populations. However, the global establishment risk in global rice-growing areas and potential economic losses and control benefits of the populations in invaded areas remain unclear. We applied an optimized MaxEnt model to predict the global suitable areas of the populations under current and future climate scenarios.

Electrospun nanofibers as controlled release systems for the combined pheromones of Grapholita molesta and Cydia pomonella.

Background: As sex pheromones are environmentally friendly and specific, they are often used to monitor and control oriental fruit moths (OFMs). Currently, non-biodegradable polymers are commonly employed as carriers to prepare controlled sex pheromone release systems for plant protection. Electrospinning is a relatively simple technique for preparing biodegradable nanofibers that allows for the controlled release of sex pheromones.

In Vitro Response of Two Strains of to Six Chemical Pesticides.

To determine the compatibility of two new biocontrol fungi with common chemical pesticides, this study examined the effects of three insecticides, namely, avermectin, imidacloprid, and acetamiprid, and three fungicides, namely, chlorogenonil, boscalid, and kasugamycin, on the mycelial growth and spore germination of strains IF-1106 and IJ-tg19. The insecticidal effects of mixed insecticides or fungicides with good compatibility with IJ-tg19 against were tested. The results showed that the six chemical pesticides exerted different degrees of inhibition on the mycelial growth of both strains, with an obvious dose-dependent effect.

Myosuppressin signaling deficiency affects ovarian development via repression of 20-hydroxyecdysone biosynthesis in Grapholita molesta.

The steroid 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) is crucial in regulating ovarian development. However, the neuropeptidergic mechanisms underlying ovarian development via 20E are underexplored. In this study, we investigated myosuppressin (MS) signaling in the dominant fruit pest Grapholita molesta and revealed that MS signaling is necessary for 20E biosynthesis during ovarian maturation.

Secondary metabolites in Cordyceps javanica with insecticidal potential.

Cordyceps javanica has been registered as a fungal insecticide in several countries. However, little is known about whether metabolic toxins are involved in the insecticidal process. In this research, we assessed the insecticidal activity of the fermentation broth of C.

Heterologous expression and characterization of two delta glutathione S-transferases genes involved in imidacloprid metabolism in Grapholita molesta.

Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are multifunctional enzymes, and insect GSTs play a pivotal role in the metabolism of insecticides. Grapholita molesta is a worldwide pest that causes substantial economic losses to the fruit industry. However, it remains unclear how imidacloprid, a commonly used insecticide in orchards, is metabolized by G.

Variations in Mating and Reproduction in Oriental Fruit Moth Caused by Adult Physiological State in Laboratory Tests.

(Busck) is a pest of rosaceous fruit plants worldwide. Due to a combination of monandry and promiscuity in , the age and mating history of both sexes significantly affected the mating and reproductive success. In this study, the interactions of different ages (3, 5, or 7 days) and mating history (unmated or mated) in each sex on the mating selection, reproductive system, and offspring production were investigated in the laboratory.

Various functions of detoxification enzymes against insecticides in Nilaparvata lugens selected by toxicity assays and RNAi methods.

The brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens is a devastating agricultural pest of rice, and they have developed resistance to many pesticides. In this study, we assessed the response of BPH nymphs to nitenpyram, imidacloprid, and etofenprox using contact and dietary bioassays, and investigated the underlying functional diversities of BPH glutathione-S-transferase (GST), carboxylesterase (CarE) and cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (P450) against these insecticides. Both contact and ingestion toxicity of nitenpyram to BPH were significantly higher than either imidacloprid or etofenprox.

Complete Chloroplast Genome of and Comparative Analysis with Its Congeneric Invasive Weed .

is considered the closest relative to the invasive weed in China, making it an important native species for studying the invasive mechanisms and adaptations of . Chloroplasts play a crucial role in a plant's environmental adaptation, with their genomes being pivotal in the evolution and adaptation of both invasive and related species. However, the chloroplast genome of has remained unknown until now.

Multifaceted functions of Drp1 in hypoxia/ischemia-induced mitochondrial quality imbalance: from regulatory mechanism to targeted therapeutic strategy.

Hypoxic-ischemic injury is a common pathological dysfunction in clinical settings. Mitochondria are sensitive organelles that are readily damaged following ischemia and hypoxia. Dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) regulates mitochondrial quality and cellular functions via its oligomeric changes and multiple modifications, which plays a role in mediating the induction of multiple organ damage during hypoxic-ischemic injury.

The brown planthopper NlDHRS11 is involved in the detoxification of rice secondary compounds.

Background: The brown planthopper (Nilaparvata lugens, BPH) is the most destructive serious pest in rice production. Resistant varieties are effective means to defend against BPH, but the impact of the ingestion of resistant rice on BPH transcriptional regulation is still unclear. Here, we explore the molecular basis of the regulation by BPH feeding on resistant rice.

Identification, Pathogenicity, and Culture Conditions of a New Isolate of Cordyceps javanica (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae) From Soil.

This study decribes a highly effective insecticidal isolate of Cordyceps javanica (Frieder. & Bally) (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae) named IJ-tg19, which was isolated from soil. Spray bioassays were performed with IJ-tg19 on Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) adults, third-instar nymphs of Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), and third-instar larvae of Plutella xylostella (Linnaeus) (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) to determine the pathogenicity of the isolate.

Development and Fecundity of Oriental Fruit Moth (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) Reared on Various Concentrations of Amygdalin.

(Busck) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), Oriental fruit moth (OFM), attacks fruits and shoots of the economically important trees in Rosaceae. Amygdalin is a cyanogenic glucoside of rosaceous plants that may be related to the seasonal patterns of infestation in many pests. The amygdalin concentration of fruits and shoots of peach, pear, and apple varies over the growing season.

Oxidative-Damaged Mitochondria Activate GABARAPL1-Induced NLRP3 Inflammasomes in an Autophagic-Exosome Manner after Acute Myocardial Ischemia.

Objective: This study is aimed at identifying the potential diagnostic markers for circulating endothelial cells (CECs) for acute myocardial ischemia (AMI) and exploring the regulatory mechanisms of the selected biomarker in mitochondrial oxidative damage and vascular inflammation in AMI pathology.

Methods: Utilizing the Gene Expression Omnibus dataset GSE66360, we scanned for differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in 49 AMI patients and 50 healthy subjects. To discover possible biomarkers, LASSO regression and support vector machine recursive feature elimination examinations were conducted.

Identification of as a Novel Biomarker to Mitochondrial Metabolism Disorder and Oxidative Stress in Calcific Aortic Valve Stenosis.

Calcific aortic valve stenosis (CAVS) is the most common heart valve disorder among humans. To date, no effective method has been identified to prevent this disease. Herein, we aimed to identify novel diagnostic and mitochondria-related biomarkers of CAVS, based on two machine learning algorithms.

Toxicity of crude toxin protein produced by Cordyceps fumosorosea IF-1106 against Myzus persicae (Sulze).

The entomopathogenic fungus Cordyceps fumosorosea IF-1106 is a potential biocontrol agent with high pathogenicity to the aphid Myzus persicae. We extracted the crude toxin protein from a liquid culture broth of an isolated C. fumosorosea strain using the ammonium sulfate precipitation method, and its toxicity to Myzus persicae was measured by injection, oral exposure, and topical exposure.

SARS-CoV-2 Achieves Immune Escape by Destroying Mitochondrial Quality: Comprehensive Analysis of the Cellular Landscapes of Lung and Blood Specimens From Patients With COVID-19.

Mitochondria get caught in the crossfire of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and antiviral immunity. The mitochondria-mediated antiviral immunity represents the host's first line of defense against viral infection, and the mitochondria are important targets of COVID-19. However, the specific manifestations of mitochondrial damage in patients with COVID-19 have not been systematically clarified.

Activated Drp1 regulates p62-mediated autophagic flux and aggravates inflammation in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion via the ROS-RIP1/RIP3-exosome axis.

Background: Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI) refers to a secondary brain injury that can occur when the blood supply to the ischemic brain tissue is restored. However, the mechanism underlying such injury remains elusive.

Methods: The 150 male C57 mice underwent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) for 1 h and reperfusion for 24 h, Among them, 50 MCAO mice were further treated with Mitochondrial division inhibitor 1 (Mdivi-1) and 50 MCAO mice were further treated with N-acetylcysteine (NAC).

[Identification and expression analysis of gene family in eukaryotic algae].

WRKY is a superfamily of plant-specific transcription factors, playing a critical regulatory role in multiple biological processes such as plant growth and development, metabolism, and responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. Although genes have been characterized in a variety of higher plants, little is known about them in eukaryotic algae, which are close to higher plants in evolution. To fully characterize algal WRKY family members, we carried out multiple sequence alignment, phylogenetic analysis, and conserved domain prediction to identify the genes in the genomes of 30 algal species.

Identification and Characterization of CYP6 Family Genes from the Oriental Fruit Moth () and Their Responses to Insecticides.

Cytochrome P450 (CYP) monooxygenases comprise a superfamily of proteins that detoxify xenobiotics and plant secondary metabolites in insects. The CYP6 family is unique to the class Insecta, and its members participate in the metabolism of exogenous substances. In this study, we sequenced and characterized the full-length cDNAs of eight CYP6 family genes from (Busck), a global pest of pome fruits.

Long-term outcomes after aortic root replacement for patients with Marfan syndrome.

Background: A diversity of surgical strategies are used to treat Marfan syndrome patients with aortic disease. We sought to evaluate the long-term efficiency of aortic root replacement (ARR) for patients with Marfan syndrome.

Methods: Data were collected from 131 patients with Marfan syndrome and aortic disease who underwent ARR in our center.

Hypoxia-primed monocytes/macrophages enhance postinfarction myocardial repair.

Oxygen supplementation in myocardial infarction (MI) remains controversial. Inflammation is widely believed to play a central role in myocardial repair. A better understanding of these processes may lead to the design of novel strategies complementary to MI treatment.