Rutin ameliorated lipid metabolism dysfunction of diabetic NAFLD via AMPK/SREBP1 pathway.

Background: In diabetic liver injury, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most prevalent chronic liver disease. Rutin is a bioflavonoid produced by the hydrolysis of glucosidases to quercetin. Its biological activities include lowering blood glucose, regulating insulin secretion, regulating dyslipidemia, and exerting anti-inflammatory effects have been demonstrated.

Yishen Huashi granule modulated lipid metabolism in diabetic nephropathy via PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathways.

Aim: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the primary cause of end-stage renal disease worldwide. Although etiology for DN is complex and still needs to be fully understood, lipid metabolism disorder is found to play a role in it. Previously, we found Yishen Huashi (YSHS) granule could inhibit diabetic damage and reduce level of microalbuminuria (mALB) in DN animals.

Glomerular cell cross talk in diabetic kidney diseases.

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a severe microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus. It is the leading inducement of end-stage renal disease (ESRD), and its global incidence has been increasing at an alarming rate. The strict control of blood pressure and blood glucose can delay the progression of DKD, but intensive treatment is challenging to maintain.

Yishen Huashi Granules Ameliorated the Development of Diabetic Nephropathy by Reducing the Damage of Glomerular Filtration Barrier.

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the most common complications of diabetes and the primary cause of end-stage renal disease. At present, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) blockers have been applied as first-class drugs to restrain development of DN; however, its long-term effect is limited. Recent evidence has shown definite effects of Chinese medicine on DN.

Intake of flavonoids from Astragalus membranaceus ameliorated brain impairment in diabetic mice via modulating brain-gut axis.

Background: Brain impairment is one of a major complication of diabetes. Dietary flavonoids have been recommended to prevent brain damage. Astragalus membranaceus is a herbal medicine commonly used to relieve the complications of diabetes.

Total flavonoids of Ameliorated Bile Acid Metabolism Dysfunction in Diabetes Mellitus.

is one of the common traditional Chinese medicines used to treat diabetes. However, the underlying mechanism is not fully understood. Flavones are a class of active components that have been reported to exert various activities.

Melatonin alleviates cardiac fibrosis via inhibiting lncRNA MALAT1/miR-141-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome and TGF-β1/Smads signaling in diabetic cardiomyopathy.

Melatonin is a hormone produced by the pineal gland, and it has extensive beneficial effects on various tissue and organs; however, whether melatonin has any effect on cardiac fibrosis in the pathogenesis of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is still unknown. Herein, we found that melatonin administration significantly ameliorated cardiac dysfunction and reduced collagen production by inhibiting TGF-β1/Smads signaling and NLRP3 inflammasome activation, as manifested by downregulating the expression of TGF-β1, p-Smad2, p-Smad3, NLRP3, ASC, cleaved caspase-1, mature IL-1β, and IL-18 in the heart of melatonin-treated mice with diabetes mellitus (DM). Similar beneficial effects of melatonin were consistently observed in high glucose (HG)-treated cardiac fibroblasts (CFs).

Inhibition of microRNA-150-5p alleviates cardiac inflammation and fibrosis via targeting Smad7 in high glucose-treated cardiac fibroblasts.

Hyperglycemia-induced cardiac fibrosis is a prominent characteristic of diabetic cardiomyopathy. Changes in proinflammatory cytokines have been shown to lead to cardiac fibrosis in patients with diabetes mellitus. This study aimed to investigate the role of miR-150-5p in mediating cardiac inflammation and fibrosis in cardiac fibroblasts (CFs).