Cyclic stretch Promotes osteogenesis of osteoblasts via ACh/α7nAChR pathway.

Mechanical loading could affect bone remodeling, which involves the balance between bone resorption and formation. During bone remodeling, osteoblasts act as the primary sensors of mechanical signals, as well as the effectors to translate these signals into bone remodeling. Furthermore, osteoblasts express the Non-Neuronal Cholinergic System (NNCS), including acetylcholine (ACh) and α7 nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor (α7nAChR), which regulates cellular function.