[Distribution of pathogens in patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia and their association with Dectin-1/Syk signaling pathway].

Objective: To analyze the pathogens distribution in patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), and their association with anti-β-glucan receptor-1 (Dectin-1)/spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) signaling pathway, and to provide scientific basis for formulating more effective treatment strategies and preventive measures.

Methods: A prospective study was conducted. 160 patients with VAP admitted to the department of critical care medicine of Xingtai People's Hospital from January 2021 to March 2023 were enrolled.

Interleukin-38 ameliorates myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion injury via inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome activation in fibroblasts through the IL-1R8/SYK axis.

Objective: Although IL-38 is recognized for its regulatory role in a spectrum of chronic inflammatory diseases, investigations into its cardiac physiological and pathophysiological functions are nascent. Our aim was to delineate the biological impact of IL-38 in the context of myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury (MIRI) and to uncover the mechanisms through which it exerts its effects.

Methods And Results: In this study, we used an MIRI mouse model, LPS/ATP stimulation, and a hypoxia/reoxygenation cell model to determine the regulatory influence of IL-38 on MIRI.

How did the diversity of woody plants in urban forests vary with the urban-rural gradient in Qingdao, China?

The distribution and diversity of woody vegetation are crucial for understanding the structure and ecology of urban forests. As urbanization accelerates, the construction and composition of urban forests vary significantly along the urban-rural gradient. Qingdao's urban forests offer an opportunity to test the relationship between the diversity of woody plants and the urban-rural gradient.

Short-Term Efficacy of Tenofovir Alafenamide in Acute-On-Chronic Liver Failure: A Single Center Experience.

Background: Patients with acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) who take entecavir (ETV) and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) experience a reduction in hepatic events and mortality. The effectiveness of tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) was not well investigated. This study was aim to compare the antiviral efficacy and mortality between TAF and ETV in patients with ACLF caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV).

Mechanism of Bile Acid in Regulating Platelet Function and Thrombotic Diseases.

Platelets play a key role in physiological hemostasis and pathological thrombosis. Based on the limitations of current antiplatelet drugs, it's important to elucidate the mechanisms of regulating platelet activation. In addition to dissolving lipid nutrients, bile acids (BAs) can regulate platelet function.

Divergent determinants on interannual variability of terrestrial water cycle across the globe.

Intensifying variability in precipitation under a changing climate is projected to amplify fluctuation in terrestrial hydrological cycle, leading to more severe water-related disasters. The connections between interannual variability of hydrological components and factors influencing these connections have not been clearly defined yet. Based on terrestrial water budget from Climate Data Record, we identify dominant factors influencing partitioning interannual variability of precipitation (P) into that of evapotranspiration (E), runoff (Q), and water storage deviation (ΔS) across the globe by employing geographical detector model (GDM).

The role of lncFABP4 in modulating adipogenic differentiation in buffalo intramuscular preadipocytes.

Intramuscular fat (IMF) is a crucial determinant of meat quality and is influenced by various regulatory factors. Despite the growing recognition of the important role of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in IMF deposition, the mechanisms underlying buffalo IMF deposition remain poorly understood. In this study, we identified and characterized a lncRNA, lncFABP4, which is transcribed from the antisense strand of fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4).

Advances in the Stability of Catalysts for Electroreduction of CO to Formic Acid.

The electroreduction of CO to high-value products is a promising approach for achieving carbon neutrality. Among these products, formic acid stands out as having the most potential for industrialization due to its optimal economic value in terms of consumption and output. In recent years, the Faraday efficiency of formic acid from CO electroreduction has reached 90~100 %.

Effects of natural sound exposure on health recovery: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Listening to natural sounds, both live and recorded, in either a natural or built environment is considered natural sound exposure (NSE). Sound is closely related to daily life, and research on the restorative effects of natural sounds is expanding. However, there is a lack of quantitative and comprehensive analysis on the impact of NSE on health recovery.

Functionally conserved PPARG exonic circRNAs enhance intramuscular fat deposition by regulating PPARG and HSL.

Circular RNAs (circRNA) are a kind of endogenous biological macromolecules that play significant roles in many biological processes, including adipogenesis, a precisely orchestrated process that is mediated by a large number of factors. Among them, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG), is undoubtedly the most important regulator of adipocyte development in all types of adipose tissue. The formation of intramuscular fat (IMF), is a key factor that influences the meat quality in livestock animals.

The changes of gut microbiota and metabolites in different drug-induced liver injuries.

The increasing incidence of drug-induced liver injury (DILI) has become a major concern. Gut microbiota, as another organ of the human body, has been studied in various tumors, cardiovascular metabolic diseases, inflammatory bowel disease and human immunity. The studies mentioned above have confirmed its important impact on the occurrence and development of DILI.

The mechanism of oleic acid inhibiting platelet activation stimulated by collagen.

Background: Abnormal platelet activation is a key factor in the occurrence and development of thrombotic diseases. However, the physiological mechanisms that underlie platelet homeostasis remain unclear. Oleic acid, one of the most abundant lipids in the human diet, has potential antithrombotic effects.

Low-Temperature Response Characteristics of Coalbed Methane Desorption under High and Low Destruction Degrees.

Freeze-coring technology can effectively reduce the amount of gas loss during the sampling process and improve the accuracy of gas content measurements in underground coal seams. In this study, high- and low-damage coals were selected as test objects to investigate whether the freeze-coring technique is universally applicable to inhibit gas desorption in high- and low-damage coals. In this paper, the pore structure of the test coal samples was first tested using an ASAP2020 specific surface area analyzer, and then a nonfreezing and freezing simulation test was carried out on high- and low-damage coals using a self-developed freezing coring response test platform.

The chemical profiling of during different growth periods and the biosynthesis of its main flavonoids ingredients.

(Lamiaceae) is a valuable medicinal plant widely distributed across Asia and Oceania. However, the composition and accumulation patterns of its active ingredients in different organs during the growth and their biosynthetic mechanism remain unknown. Therefore, we conducted metabolite profiling, transcriptomic analysis, and biological functional verification to explore the distribution, accumulation, and biosynthesis mechanisms of flavonoids in We identified 70 metabolites including 46 flavonoids, 16 phenolic acids, seven terpenoids, and one organic acid, of which 21 were previously unreported in .

Fabrication and application of molecularly imprinted polymer doped carbon dots coated silica stationary phase.

Facing the difficulties in chromatographic separation of polar compounds, this investigation devotes to developing novel stationary phase. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) have aroused wide attention, owing to their outstanding selectivity, high stability, and low cost. In this work, a novel stationary phase based on carbon dots (CDs), MIP layer, and silica beads was synthesized to exploit high selectivity of MIPs, excellent physicochemical property of CDs, and outstanding chromatographic performances of silica microspheres simultaneously.

The pathogenesis of gut microbiota in hepatic encephalopathy by the gut-liver-brain axis.

Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a neurological disease occurring in patients with hepatic insufficiency and/or portal-systemic blood shunting based on cirrhosis. The pathogenesis is not completely clear till now, but it is believed that hyperammonemia is the core of HE. Hyperammonemia caused by increased sources of ammonia and decreased metabolism further causes mental problems through the gut-liver-brain axis.

Diversity in Cell Morphology, Composition, and Function among Adipose Depots in River Buffaloes.

Fat deposition is a significant economic trait in livestock animals. Adipose tissues (ATs) developed in subcutaneous and visceral depots are considered waste whereas those within muscle are highly valued. In river buffaloes, lipogenesis is highly active in subcutaneous (especially in the sternum subcutaneous) and visceral depots but not in muscle tissue.

Isolation methods, proliferation, and adipogenic differentiation of adipose-derived stem cells from different fat depots in bovines.

The adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) are a valuable resource for regenerative medicine and essential materials for research in fat deposition. However, the isolation procedure of ASCs has not been standardized and needs to be harmonized; differences in proliferation and adipogenic differentiation of ASCs obtained from different fat depots have not been well characterized. In the present study, we compared the efficiency of ASCs isolation by enzymatic treatment and explant culture methods and the proliferation ability and adipogenic differentiation potential of ASCs isolated from subcutaneous and visceral fat depots.

Interleukin-27 Ameliorates Atherosclerosis in ApoE Mice through Regulatory T Cell Augmentation and Dendritic Cell Tolerance.

Atherosclerosis, which is characterized by chronic inflammation in the arterial wall, is driven by immune cells and cytokines. Recent evidence indicated that interleukin (IL)-27 showed pleiotropic properties in immune diseases. However, precise mechanisms of IL-27, especially in atherosclerosis remains unknown.

A long non-coding RNA lnc210 promotes adipogenic differentiation of buffalo intramuscular adipocytes.

Intramuscular fat (IMF) content is one of the most significant factors influencing beef quality in terms of tenderness, flavor, and juiciness. Thus, internal factors affecting IMF deposition have received considerable attention for decades. In this study, we demonstrated a long non-coding RNA, lnc210, promoted adipogenic differentiation of buffalo intramuscular adipocytes.

Current Progress in Cancer Treatment Using Nanomaterials.

The pathological processes of cancer are complex. Current methods used for chemotherapy have various limitations, such as cytotoxicity, multi-drug resistance, stem-like cells growth, and lack of specificity. Several types of nanomaterials are used for cancer treatment.

FATP1 Exerts Variable Effects on Adipogenic Differentiation and Proliferation in Cells Derived From Muscle and Adipose Tissue.

In livestock, intramuscular adipose tissue is highly valued whereas adipose tissue in other depots is considered as waste. Thus, genetic factors that favor fat deposition in intramuscular compartments over that in other adipose depots are highly desirable in meat-producing animals. Fatty acid transport 1 (FATP1) has been demonstrated to promote cellular fatty acid uptake and metabolism; however, whether it also influences cellular lipid accumulation remains unclear.

Effects of IL-38 on Macrophages and Myocardial Ischemic Injury.

Macrophages play an important role in clearing necrotic myocardial tissues, myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury, and ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction. M1 macrophages not only participate in the inflammatory response in myocardial tissues after infarction, which causes heart damage, but also exert a protective effect on the heart during ischemia. In contrast, M2 macrophages exhibit anti-inflammatory and tissue repair properties by inducing the production of high levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines and fibro-progenitor cells.

Role of IL-37- and IL-37-Treated Dendritic Cells in Acute Coronary Syndrome.

As a chronic inflammatory disease, atherosclerosis is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in most countries. Inflammation is responsible for plaque instability and the subsequent onset of acute coronary syndrome (ACS), which is one of the leading causes of hospitalization. Therefore, exploring the potential mechanism underlying ACS is of considerable concern, and searching for alternative therapeutic targets is very urgent.