Nitroreductase-Based "Turn-On" Fluorescent Probe for Bacterial Identification with Visible Features.

Among pathogenic bacteria, , , , , , and were the six leading causes for the deaths associated with antibiotic resistance in 2019. Although new treatment options are urgently needed, the precise identification of the bacterial species remains pivotal for an accurate diagnosis and effective treatment. Clinically, mass spectrometry is used to distinguish these bacteria based on their protein mass pattern at the genus and species level.

The association between multiple trajectories of macronutrient intake and the risk of new-onset diabetes in Chinese adults.

Background: The association between macronutrient intake and diabetes is unclear. We used data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey to explore the association between macronutrient intake trajectories and diabetes risk in this study.

Methods: We included 6755 participants who did not have diabetes at baseline and participated in at least three surveys.

Wybutosine hypomodification of tRNAphe activates HERVK and impairs neuronal differentiation.

We previously reported that loss of function of TYW1 led to cerebral palsy with severe intellectual disability through reduced neural proliferation. However, whether TYW1 loss affects neural differentiation is unknown. In this study, we first demonstrated that TYW1 loss blocked the formation of OHyW in tRNA and therefore affected the translation efficiency of UUU codon.

Association of Physical Activity with Phenotypic Age among Populations with Different Breakfast Habits.

Background: The global aging situation has reached a serious stage, and healthy lifestyles, like regular physical activity and eating breakfast, could slow the process. Phenotypic age (PhenoAge) is regarded as a novel measure of aging. Therefore, our study aimed to quantify the impact of physical activity and eating breakfast on aging via PhenoAge and phenotypic age acceleration (PhenoAgeAccel).

The association between vitamin K intake and dyslipidemia in US adults: the mediating effect of insulin resistance.

: Dyslipidemia is one of the most common chronic diseases, and is associated with insulin resistance (IR) and inadequate vitamin K intake. We aimed to explore the association between IR, vitamin K intake, and dyslipidemia, and further to explore the mediating role of IR. : 12 860 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2001 to 2018 were included in this study.

Ideal cardiovascular health metrics have better identification of arthritis.

Background: This study aimed to explore the association between ideal cardiovascular health metrics (ICVHM) and arthritis (AR), as well as the interactions of various indicators in ICVHM on AR in US adults.

Methods: We involved 17,041 participants who were interviewed by NHANES from 2011 to 2018. AR included osteoarthritis or degenerative arthritis (OA), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and psoriatic arthritis and other arthritis (Other AR).

The mediating role of dietary inflammatory index on the association between eating breakfast and depression: Based on NHANES 2007-2018.

Background: Depression is a significant, pervasive, global public health problem, associated with many factors, such as diet, social factors, and lifestyle habits. We aimed to evaluate the association between eating breakfast, dietary inflammatory index (DII) and depression, and to verify the mediating role of DII on the effect of eating breakfast on depression.

Methods: 21,865 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2007 to 2018 were included in this study.

Cascade catalysis-coordinated nanorobots toward synergistic cancer chemoimmunotherapy.

Cancer has always been the biggest threat to human health, but the effect of traditional treatments such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy is not satisfactory. Currently, nanomedicine-based chemoimmunotherapy can improve clinical results through unique synergistic effects. However, it is mainly enriched at tumor sites based on EPR effects, without an active delivery strategy and relatively low tumor targeting distribution.

Intelligent Jellyfish-type Janus Nanoreactor Targeting Synergistic Treatment of Bacterial Infections.

Infections caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria continue to pose a serious threat to human health, and therefore it is important to explore the availability of antimicrobial drugs and modalities. Herein, jellyfish-type irregular mesoporous iron oxide nanoreactors containing ciprofloxacin, Janus FeO@mSiO@Cip nanoparticles (JFmS@Cip NPs), were developed for pH-responsive synergistic antimicrobial therapy in a microacidic environment. Compared with the use of symmetric nanocarriers, the asymmetric decoration on both sides of the particles allows different components to act on bacteria, FeO NPs have good magnetic and peroxidase-like catalytic activity, and the antibiotic ciprofloxacin can kill bacteria efficiently.

Immune-enhancing activity of polysaccharides and flavonoids derived from YASH1.

(Sanghuang) is a widely used traditional Chinese medicine fungus, and its natural products have great potential for clinical application in immune enhancement. This study aimed to explore the immune-enhancing activity and underlying mechanisms of the polysaccharides and flavonoids derived from () and to provide a theoretical and experimental basis for the development of novel drugs. Wild YASH1 from the Loess Plateau in Yan'an region was collected, and polysaccharides and total flavonoids were extracted, isolated and identified from mycelium and sporophore.

The role of dietary inflammatory index and physical activity in depressive symptoms: Results from NHANES 2007-2016.

Background: Depression is a major public health problem. This study was aimed to analyze the relationship between Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII), physical activity, and depressive symptoms, and to explore the effect of different lifestyles on depressive symptoms by combining DII and physical activity to form four lifestyle groups.

Methods: This study analyzed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2007 to 2016.

Vision impairment, hearing impairment and functional Limitations of subjective cognitive decline: a population-based study.

Background: The association between sensory impairment including vision impairment (VI), hearing impairment (HI), dual impairment (DI) and the functional limitations of SCD (SCD-related FL) are still unclear in middle-aged and older people.

Methods: 162,083 participants from BRFSS in 2019 to 2020 was used in this cross-sectional study. After adjusting the weights, multiple logistic regression was used to study the relationship between sensory impairment and SCD or SCD-related FL.

Mediation of 10-Year Cardiovascular Disease Risk between Inflammatory Diet and Handgrip Strength: Base on NHANES 2011-2014.

Objective: Dietary inflammatory index (DII) and handgrip strength (HGS) were correlated, and both were associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, the role of the 10-year CVD risk in the relationship between DII and grip strength remains uncertain.

Methods: This study involved 5691 adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) in 2011-2014.

Analysis of Immunogenic Galactose-α-1,3-galactose-Containing -Glycans in Beef, Mutton, and Pork Tenderloin by Combining Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization-Mass Spectroscopy and Capillary Electrophoresis Hyphenated with Mass Spectrometry via Electrospray Ionization.

Severe allergic reactions to certain types of meat following tick bites have been reported in geographic regions which are endemic with ticks. This immune response is directed to a carbohydrate antigen (galactose-α-1,3-galactose or α-Gal), which is present in glycoproteins of mammalian meats. At the moment, asparagine-linked complex carbohydrates (-glycans) with α-Gal motifs in meat glycoproteins and in which cell types or tissue morphologies these α-Gal moieties are present in mammalian meats are still unclear.

Perturbation of intestinal stem cell homeostasis and radiation enteritis recovery via dietary titanium dioxide nanoparticles.

Small intestinal health and enteritis incidence are tightly coupled to the homeostasis of intestinal stem cells (ISCs), which are sensitive to dietary alterations. However, little is known about the impact of food additives on ISC pool. Here, we demonstrate that chronic exposure to low-dose TiO NPs, a commonly used food additive, significantly hampers primary human and mouse ISC-derived organoid formation and growth by specifically attenuating Wnt signal transduction.

Improper preanalytical processes on peripheral blood compromise RNA quality and skew the transcriptional readouts of mRNA and LncRNA.

Genetic and epigenetic reprogramming caused by disease states in other tissues is always systemically reflected in peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs). Accurate transcriptional readouts of Messenger RNA (mRNA) and Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) in peripheral blood leukocytes are fundamental for disease-related study, diagnosis and treatment. However, little is known about the impact of preanalytical variables on RNA quality and downstream messenger RNA and Long non-coding RNA readouts.

Generation of NANOS3-mCherry reporter human embryonic stem cell line SYSUe-009-A using CRISPR/Cas9.

NANOS3 is a zinc-finger containing RNA-binding protein that has been demonstrated to be highly expressed in human primordial germ cell(hPGC), thus NANOS3 can serve as a marker for hPGC development. Due to the ethical and technical restrictions, it is difficult to get primary human germline cells. Human primordial germ cell-like cells (hPGCLCs) generated from pluripotent stem cells is an excellent alternatives in human germ cell-related studies.

Zunyimycin C enhances immunity and improves cognitive impairment and its mechanism.

This study aimed to explore the efficacy of zunyimycin C in the immunological enhancement of hypoimmune mice and improvement of cognitive impairment in a mice model of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Zunyimycin C was administered intranasally to interfere with AD mouse models or gavage to hypoimmune animals. Results of the Morris water maze (MWM) showed that zunyimycin may improve the learning and memory abilities of the AD mice model.

The Mediating Role of Dietary Inflammatory Index in the Association between Eating Breakfast and Obesity: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Obesity is closely related with diet, including the regularity of meals and inflammation in the diet. No previous study focused on the associations among eating breakfast, which is regarded the most important meal, dietary inflammation, and obesity. This study analyzed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2007 to 2018, with 23,758 participants involved.

An Improved Method for Quick Quantification of Unsaturated Transferrin.

Blood iron levels play a vital role in oxygen metabolism and energy generation whilst transporter protein, transferrin, binds and delivers iron to the transferrin receptor of endosomal compartments of cells. Consequently, the iron-binding capacity of transferrin is an important indicator for many diseases, and its measurements are used in the diagnosis and treatment of anaemias. Various assays, including Total Iron Binding Capacity (TIBC), Unsaturated Iron-Binding Capacity (UIBC) and Transferrin Saturation (TS), were developed to assess the iron-binding capacity of transferrin.

Association between patterns of eating habits and mental health problems in Chinese adolescents: A latent class analysis.

Objective: We aimed to investigate the association between different eating habit patterns and mental health problems among Chinese middle and high school students, and further to estimate the interaction effect of different grouping variables on eating habits.

Methods: One thousand three hundred and forty-eight adolescents from Jilin Province in China were involved in this cross-sectional study. Mental health and eating habits were assessed using General Health Questionnaire and questions on Nutrition Knowledge, Attitude and Practice, respectively.

PNGase H + variant from Rudaea cellulosilytica with improved deglycosylation efficiency for rapid analysis of eukaryotic N-glycans and hydrogen deuterium exchange mass spectrometry analysis of glycoproteins.

The analysis of glycoproteins and the comparison of protein N-glycosylation from different eukaryotic origins require unbiased and robust analytical workflows. The structural and functional analysis of vertebrate protein N-glycosylation currently depends extensively on bacterial peptide-N4-(N-acetyl-β-glucosaminyl) asparagine amidases (PNGases), which are indispensable enzymatic tools in releasing asparagine-linked oligosaccharides (N-glycans) from glycoproteins. So far, only limited PNGase candidates are available for N-glycans analysis, and particularly the analysis of plant and invertebrate N-glycans is hampered by the lack of suitable PNGases.

Effects of Dietary Nutrients on Fatty Liver Disease Associated With Metabolic Dysfunction (MAFLD): Based on the Intestinal-Hepatic Axis.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has recently become the most common liver disease with a global prevalence of over 25% and is expected to increase. Recently, experts have reached a consensus that "fatty liver disease associated with metabolic dysfunction or MAFLD" may be a more appropriate and inclusive definition than NAFLD. Like the former name NAFLD, MAFLD, as a manifestation of multiple system metabolic disorders involving the liver, has certain heterogeneity in its pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, pathological changes and natural outcomes.