Incommensurate charge super-modulation and hidden dipole order in layered kitaev material α-RuCl.

The magnetism of Kitaev materials has been widely studied, but their charge properties and the coupling to other degrees of freedom are less known. Here we investigate the charge states of α-RuCl, a promising Kitaev quantum spin liquid candidate, in proximity to graphite. We discover that few-layered α-RuCl experiences a clear modulation of charge states, where a Mott-insulator to weak charge-transfer-insulator transition in the 2D limit occurs by means of heterointerfacial polarization.

Wheat yield and grain-filling characteristics due to cultivar replacement in the Haihe Plain in China.

Background: The Haihe Plain plays an important role in wheat production and food security in China and has experienced continuous cultivar replacement since the 1950s.This study assessed the evolution of the yield and grain-filling characteristics of the main winter wheat cultivars in the Haihe Plain over the last seven decades (1950s to date).

Methods: Cultivar characterization indicated that the increase in yield was negatively affected by spike number and positively affected by the number of kernels per spike before the 2000s and kernel weight after the 2000s.

A scientometric study on research trends and characteristics of oral submucous fibrosis.

Background/purpose: Oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) affecting populations is considered a public health issue in South/Southeast Asia. The purpose of this study was to analyze the scientometric characteristics and research trends of OSF.

Materials And Methods: All the papers on OSF were comprehensively retrieved from the Scopus database.

Carbon emissions changes of animal husbandry in China: Trends, attributions, and solutions: A spatial shift-share analysis.

China is a major livestock producer confronting the dual challenges of rising demand for animal-based food consumption and decreasing carbon emissions. To effectively address these issues, it is crucial to understand the trends of carbon emissions from animal husbandry and the competitive advantages of carbon emission reduction in different regions. This study uses panel data from 31 provinces from 2004 to 2020 to investigate the contributing factors to carbon emissions and explore ways to reduce carbon intensity in animal husbandry.

Transcriptome and metabolome profiling reveal the effects of hormones on current-year shoot growth in Chinese 'Cuiguan' pear grafted onto vigorous rootstock 'Duli' and dwarf rootstock 'Quince A'.

Background: Dwarf rootstocks have important practical significance for high-density planting in pear orchards. The shoots of 'Cuiguan' grafted onto the dwarf rootstock were shorter than those grafted onto the vigorous rootstock. However, the mechanism of shorter shoot formation is not clear.

The impact of agricultural productive service on agricultural carbon efficiency-From urbanization development heterogeneity.

Agricultural productive service plays an important role in China's modernization of agricultural production, and its development is closely related to urbanization. However, its effect on agricultural carbon efficiency has seldom been discussed at different stages of urbanization level. Thus, the paper investigated the relationship between agricultural productive service and agricultural carbon efficiency considering the change in urbanization level, using panel data of China's 31 provinces from 2010 to 2020.

Excitonic topological order in imbalanced electron-hole bilayers.

Correlation and frustration play essential roles in physics, giving rise to novel quantum phases. A typical frustrated system is correlated bosons on moat bands, which could host topological orders with long-range quantum entanglement. However, the realization of moat-band physics is still challenging.

Soil, leaf and fruit nutrient data for pear orchards located in the Circum-Bohai Bay and Loess Plateau regions.

The data described in this paper were collected from the Circum-Bohai Bay and Loess Plateau regions of northern China. Soil, leaf and fruit nutrients from 225 typical pear orchards in these regions were measured. Soil data included pH, organic matter, total N, alkaline hydrolysable N, available P and available K concentrations of 3 different soil layers, 0-20 cm, 20-40 cm and 40-60 cm, from different orchards.

Farmers' adoption behavior of conservation tillage technology: a multidimensional heterogeneity perspective.

Adopting conservation tillage technology can promote sustainable agriculture development. There have been many studies on all farmers' conservation tillage behaviors, but few studies are based on a farmer's multidimensional heterogeneity perspective. Given the background, we conduct an empirical evaluation using micro survey data from 819 households in the middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River Basin.

Observation of 1D Fermi arc states in Weyl semimetal TaAs.

Fermi arcs on Weyl semimetals exhibit many exotic quantum phenomena. Usually found on atomically flat surfaces with approximate translation symmetry, Fermi arcs are rooted in the peculiar topology of bulk Bloch bands of 3D crystals. The fundamental question of whether a 1D Fermi arc can be probed remains unanswered.

Wave front aberrations induced from biomechanical effects after customized myopic laser refractive surgery in finite element model.

Purpose: A customized myopic refractive surgery was simulated by establishing a finite element model of the human eye, after which we studied the wave front aberrations induced by biomechanical effects and ablation profile after wave front-guided LASIK surgery.

Methods: Thirty myopia patients (i.e.

Biomechanical responses of the cornea after small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) refractive surgery based on a finite element model of the human eye.

Purpose: To investigate the biomechanical responses of the human cornea after small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) procedures, especially their effects of SMILE surgery on stress and strain.

Methods: Based on finite element analysis, a three-dimensional (3D) model of the human eye was established to simulate SMILE refractive surgery procedures. Stress and strain values were calculated by inputting the intraocular pressure (IOP).

Performance and outcomes of transvenous rotational lead extraction: Results from a prospective, monitored, international clinical study.

Background: Transvenous lead extraction (TLE) plays a critical role in managing patients with cardiovascular implantable electronic devices. Mechanical TLE tools, including rotational sheaths, are used to overcome fibrosis and calcification surrounding leads. Prospective clinical data are limited regarding the safety and effectiveness of use of mechanical TLE devices, especially rotational tools.

Simulated biomechanical effect of aspheric transition zone ablation profiles after conventional hyperopia refractive surgery.

We studied the effects of the aspheric transition zone on the optical wavefront aberrations, corneal surface displacement, and stress induced by the biomechanical properties of the cornea after conventional laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) refractive surgery. The findings in this study can help improve visual quality after refractive surgery. Hyperopia correction in 1-5D was simulated using five types of aspheric transition zones with finite element modeling.

Cryogen-free one hundred microkelvin refrigerator.

A temperature below 100 µK is achieved in a customized cryogen-free dilution refrigerator with a copper-nuclear demagnetization stage. The lowest temperature of conduction electrons of the demagnetization stage is below 100 µK as measured by using a pulsed platinum nuclear magnetic resonance thermometer, and the temperature can remain below 100 µK for over 10 h. A demagnetization magnetic field of up to 9 T and a research magnetic field of up to 12 T can be controlled independently, provided by a coaxial room-temperature-bore cryogen-free magnet.

[Nitrogen uptake, distribution, and utilization in young bearing Huangguan pear trees under N-urea application in spring].

We investigated the characteristics of nitrogen uptake, distribution, and utilization in the three-year-old bearing Huangguan pear trees following N-urea application in early spring. The results showed that the growth of pear trees was mainly depended on vegetative organs such as shoots and leaves at the stage from budbreak to shoot growth arrest, but mainly on storage organs (roots) and supplemented by the formation of fruit yield and quality at the stage from shoot growth arrest stage to fruit harvest. Meanwhile, tree biomass, especially that storage organs, substantially increased.

Anomalous Conductance Oscillations in the Hybridization Gap of InAs/GaSb Quantum Wells.

We observe the magnetic oscillation of electric conductance in the two-dimensional InAs/GaSb quantum spin Hall insulator. Its insulating bulk origin is unambiguously demonstrated by the antiphase oscillations of the conductance and the resistance. Characteristically, the in-gap oscillation frequency is higher than the Shubnikov-de Haas oscillation close to the conduction band edge in the metallic regime.

Evidence for a topological excitonic insulator in InAs/GaSb bilayers.

Electron-hole pairing can occur in a dilute semimetal, transforming the system into an excitonic insulator state in which a gap spontaneously appears at the Fermi surface, analogous to a Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) superconductor. Here, we report optical spectroscopic and electronic transport evidence for the formation of an excitonic insulator gap in an inverted InAs/GaSb quantum-well system at low temperatures and low electron-hole densities. Terahertz transmission spectra exhibit two absorption lines that are quantitatively consistent with predictions from the pair-breaking excitation dispersion calculated based on the BCS gap equation.

Tuning Edge States in Strained-Layer InAs/GaInSb Quantum Spin Hall Insulators.

We report on a class of quantum spin Hall insulators (QSHIs) in strained-layer InAs/GaInSb quantum wells, in which the bulk gaps are enhanced up to fivefold as compared to the binary InAs/GaSb QSHI. Remarkably, with consequently increasing edge velocity, the edge conductance at zero and applied magnetic fields manifests time reversal symmetry-protected properties consistent with the Z_{2} topological insulator. The InAs/GaInSb bilayers offer a much sought-after platform for future studies and applications of the QSHI.

Observation of a Helical Luttinger Liquid in InAs/GaSb Quantum Spin Hall Edges.

We report on the observation of a helical Luttinger liquid in the edge of an InAs/GaSb quantum spin Hall insulator, which shows characteristic suppression of conductance at low temperature and low bias voltage. Moreover, the conductance shows power-law behavior as a function of temperature and bias voltage. The results underscore the strong electron-electron interaction effect in transport of InAs/GaSb edge states.

Robust helical edge transport in gated InAs/GaSb bilayers.

We have engineered electron-hole bilayers of inverted InAs/GaSb quantum wells, using dilute silicon impurity doping to suppress residual bulk conductance. We have observed robust helical edge states with wide conductance plateaus precisely quantized to 2e^{2}/h in mesoscopic Hall samples. On the other hand, in larger samples the edge conductance is found to be inversely proportional to the edge length.

Images of edge current in InAs/GaSb quantum wells.

Quantum spin Hall devices with edges much longer than several microns do not display ballistic transport; that is, their measured conductances are much less than e(2)/h per edge. We imaged edge currents in InAs/GaSb quantum wells with long edges and determined an effective edge resistance. Surprisingly, although the effective edge resistance is much greater than h/e(2), it is independent of temperature up to 30 K within experimental resolution.

Expression of AEG-1 and microvessel density correlates with metastasis and prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Astrocyte elevated gene 1 (AEG-1) expression is up-regulated in various human cancers and plays an important role in tumorigenesis and progression. The aim of this study was to explore AEG-1 expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and to assess whether it is associated with microvessel density (MVD), metastasis, and survival. Specimens from 87 patients with OSCC were investigated by immunohistochemistry staining for AEG-1 and MVD.

Observation of edge transport in the disordered regime of topologically insulating InAs/GaSb quantum wells.

We observe edge transport in the topologically insulating InAs/GaSb system in the disordered regime. Using asymmetric current paths we show that conduction occurs exclusively along the device edge, exhibiting a large Hall signal at zero magnetic fields, while for symmetric current paths, the conductance between the two mesoscopicly separated probes is quantized to 2e2/h. Both quantized and self-averaged transport show resilience to magnetic fields, and are temperature independent for temperatures between 20 mK and 1 K.

Vitapex can promote the expression of BMP-2 during the bone regeneration of periapical lesions in rats.

Purpose: To investigate the effect of Vitapex on the healing of periapical lesions and the expression of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP-2) during the periapical bone regeneration.

Materials And Methods: Periapical lesions were induced in Sprague-Dawley (S-D) rats by an occlusal pulp exposure in the mandibular first molars and were verified by X-ray. Total of 36 rats were randomly divided into three groups, and they were obturated with Zinc Oxide Eugenol (ZOE), or with Vitapex, or non-treated as negative control group.