Restoration of lysosomal acidification rescues autophagy and metabolic dysfunction in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver disease in the world. High levels of free fatty acids in the liver impair hepatic lysosomal acidification and reduce autophagic flux. We investigate whether restoration of lysosomal function in NAFLD recovers autophagic flux, mitochondrial function, and insulin sensitivity.

Synthesis of bioactive (1→6)-β-glucose branched poly-amido-saccharides that stimulate and induce M1 polarization in macrophages.

β-Glucans are of significant interest due to their potent antitumor and immunomodulatory activities. Nevertheless, the difficulty in purification, structural heterogenicity, and limited solubility impede the development of structure-property relationships and translation to therapeutic applications. Here, we report the synthesis of a new class of (1→6)-β-glucose-branched poly-amido-saccharides (PASs) as β-glucan mimetics by ring-opening polymerization of a gentiobiose-based disaccharide β-lactam and its copolymerization with a glucose-based β-lactam, followed by post-polymerization deprotection.

Sulfated poly-amido-saccharides (sulPASs) are anticoagulants and .

Anticoagulant therapeutics are a mainstay of modern surgery and of clotting disorder management such as venous thrombosis, yet performance and supply limitations exist for the most widely used agent - heparin. Herein we report the first synthesis, characterization, and performance of sulfated poly-amido-saccharides (sulPASs) as heparin mimetics. sulPASs inhibit the intrinsic pathway of coagulation, specifically FXa and FXIa, as revealed by human plasma clotting assays and serine protease inhibition assays.

Friction-lowering capabilities and human subject preferences for a hydrophilic surface coating on latex substrates: implications for increasing condom usage.

Personal lubricants can increase user satisfaction with male condoms by reducing friction and yielding a slippery sensation. However, lubricants pose disadvantages of dilution in physiologic fluids and sloughing away over repeated articulations. To address these drawbacks, a latex surface modification, which becomes lubricious in the presence of physiologic fluid, has been developed and evaluated.

Biologically Active Branched Polysaccharide Mimetics: Synthesis via Ring-Opening Polymerization of a Maltose-Based β-Lactam.

Stereoregular poly-amido-saccharides bearing α-glucopyranose branches (Mal-PASs) are synthesized by anionic ring-opening polymerization of a maltose-based β-lactam monomer followed by debenzylation. The polymerization affords high molecular weight polymers (up to 31500 g/mol) with narrow dispersities ( < 1.1).

Synthesis of Altrose Poly-amido-saccharides with β-N-(1→2)-d-amide Linkages: A Right-Handed Helical Conformation Engineered in at the Monomer Level.

The design and synthesis of amide-linked saccharide oligomers and polymers, which are predisposed to fold into specific ordered secondary structures, is of significant interest. Herein, right-handed helical poly amido-saccharides (PASs) with β-N-(1→2)-d-amide linkages are synthesized by the anionic ring-opening polymerization of an altrose β-lactam monomer (alt-lactam). The right-handed helical conformation is engineered into the polymers by preinstalling the β configuration of the lactam ring in the monomer via the stereospecific [2+2] cycloaddition of trichloroacetyl isocyanate with a d-glycal possessing a 3-benzyloxy group oriented to the α-face of the pyranose.

HCV infection in voluntary donors and its influence on recruitment of donors in Chongqing area.

Blood donor recruitment models have changed from paid donors to employer-organized donors and to voluntary donors in China. Reports on the hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection among voluntary blood donors in China have been rarely found at present. The prevalence of anti-HCV and genotypes among the first-time voluntary blood donors was investigated in Chongqing area of China.

[Change of free hemoglobin content after mixing type B whole blood with different amounts of type O whole blood].

To investigate the changes of free hemoglobin (FHb) content after mixing type B whole blood with different amounts of type O whole blood at room temperature and at 37 degrees C, two lots of type B whole blood stored at 4 degrees C for 24 hours were randomly taken as recipient blood, and were packed as 60 ml respectively. Type O blood was taken as donor blood. 60 ml type B whole bloods were mixed with different amounts of type O whole blood, i.

[Experimental hemorheology study on group a whole blood added with group O whole blood].

The study was to investigate the hemorheologyic changes of group A blood recipient transfused with large amounts of group O whole blood, by erythrocyte count, sympexis index, erythrocyte deformation index, erythrocyte rigid index and whole blood reduced viscosity, 60 ml of group A whole blood were added with 9, 12, 15 and 18 ml of group O whole blood (which corresponds to the 4 000 ml whole blood added with 600, 800, 1 000 and 1 200 ml whole blood). The mixed blood was incubated at 37 degrees C with mixing at 80 times per minute. Samples were taken from the mixed blood at 30 minutes, 2, 4, 8, 12 and 24 hours after culture, and the hemorheology of the mixed whole blood was determined by FASCO-series type 3020B automatic rheograph apparatus.

[Report on difficulty in blood group identification due to anti-H antibody in three cases].

Anti-H antibody belongs to IgM type cold antibody, which often induces the unconformity of positive and reverse typing and leads to the difficulty in clinical blood typing. Anti-H antibody was found during identification of the counter blood group in 3 cases. The antibody was found to be active at 37 degrees C, room temperature and 4 degrees C when determined by blood group serology, and was finally analyzed to be IgM.

[Effect of erythrocyte preserved for different lengths of time on anti-D antibody identification with three blood matching tests].

The specificity of the antigens and length of preservation time of erythrocytes are the interfering factors in blood group serological tests. In order to clarify the influence of preservation time of erythrocytes on the blood matching test, the titers of anti-D antibody were detected with papain method, BioVue cross matching card and DianaGel cross matching card in 7 series of panel red blood cells preserved for various length of time (0 to 9 months). The results showed that the titer of micro-column gel test (DianaGel card) was one tube higher than that of column agglutinating test (BioVue card).