Sex Differences in Apolipoprotein E and Alzheimer Disease Pathology Across Ancestries.

Importance: Age, sex, and apolipoprotein E (APOE) are the strongest risk factors for late-onset Alzheimer disease (AD). The role of APOE in AD varies with sex and ancestry. While the association of APOE with AD biomarkers also varies across sex and ancestry, no study has systematically investigated both sex-specific and ancestry differences of APOE on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers together, resulting in limited insights and generalizability.

First-principles computational screening of Ngas adsorption by two-dimensional MN-MXene.

The capture and utilization of Nhas been limited by the development of high-performance Ncapture and storage materials, and exploring the adsorption mechanism of Nand searching for new and efficient Nadsorption materials are the key to solving this technological challenge. In this study, the adsorption properties ofandtwo-dimensional MN-MXene (M = Sc, Ti, V, Ni, Cu, Zn, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, and Cd) on Nmolecules were investigated based on first principles. The results of cohesion energy, energy band structure and partition density indicate that the 15 MNs have excellent stability and electrical properties.

Cuproptosis nanoprodrug-initiated self-promoted cascade reactions for postoperative tumor therapy.

Cancer metastasis and recurrence remain a regular cause of postoperative death in patients, implying that extra consolidation treatment strategies are needed. Here, a cuproptosis nanoprodrug, termed as Lipo@CP@DQ NPs, is developed to initiate self-promoted cascade reactions to achieve the combinational effect of cuproptosis, in situ chemotherapy, and oxidative stress amplification for effectively suppressing tumor recurrence and metastasis after postoperative treatment. Lipo@CP@DQ NPs are fabricated by loading copper peroxides (CuO, CP) and hydrogen peroxide (HO)-repsonsive prodrug DQ into liposomal nanoparticles.

Unravelling and reconstructing the biosynthetic pathway of bergenin.

Bergenin, a rare C-glycoside of 4-O-methyl gallic acid with pharmacological properties of antitussive and expectorant, is widely used in clinics to treat chronic tracheitis in China. However, its low abundance in nature and structural specificity hampers the accessibility through traditional crop-based manufacturing or chemical synthesis. In the present work, we elucidate the biosynthetic pathway of bergenin in Ardisia japonica by identifying the highly regio- and/or stereoselective 2-C-glycosyltransferases and 4-O-methyltransferases.

Microplastics in different municipal solid waste treatment and disposal systems: Do they pose environmental risks?

Microplastic (MP) pollution is a significant worldwide environmental and health challenge. Municipal solid waste (MSW) can be an important source of MPs in the environment if treated and disposed of inappropriately, causing potential ecological risks. MSW treatment and disposal methods have been gradually shifting from landfilling/dumping to more sustainable approaches, such as incineration or composting.

Effect of aggregation behavior on microplastic removal by magnetic FeO nanoparticles.

Magnetic nanotechnologies have been shown to be an efficient approach to the reduction of microplastic (MP) pollution in aquatic environments. However, uncertainties remain regarding the relationship between particle stability and MP removal under varying water conditions, hindering the practical application of magnetic nanotechnologies for MP removal. Herein, the influence of particle aggregation behavior on nano-scale MP removal by FeO nanoparticles (FNPs) was investigated, by monitoring dynamic light scattering parameters and analyzing the microstructures of particle aggregates.

Impact of coronary artery disease on clinical outcomes after TAVR: Insights from the BRAVO-3 randomized trial.

Objective: To determine the prognostic impact of coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients randomized to bivalirudin or unfractionated heparin (UFH) during transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR).

Background: CAD is a common comorbidity among patients undergoing TAVR and studies provide conflicting data on its prognostic impact.

Methods: The Bivalirudin on Aortic Valve Intervention Outcomes-3 (BRAVO-3) randomized trial compared the use of bivalirudin versus UFH in 802 high-surgical risk patients undergoing transfemoral TAVR for severe symptomatic aortic stenosis.

A magnetic chitosan for efficient adsorption of vanadium (V) from aqueous solution.

The all-vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB) is becoming a promising technology for large-scale energy storage due to its advantages such as scalability and flexibility. In recent years, the VRFB has been successfully developed and put into use in many countries. It is expected that the abandoned VRFB will generate a large amount of vanadium waste.

Alteration of the p53 gene during tree shrews' hepatocarcinogenesis.

Objective: To detect the expression and variation of the p53 gene in hepatocarcinogenesis of tree shrews induced by hepatitis B virus (HBV) and aflatoxin B1 (AFB1).

Methods: Tree shrews were divided into four groups: group A, infected with HBV and fed with AFB1; group B, only infected with HBV; group C, fed with AFB1 alone; and group D normal control. The tree shrews underwent liver biopsy every 15 weeks.

[Alteration of p53 gene during tree shrews' hepatocarcinogenesis].

Objective: To detect the expression and variation of p53 gene during tree shrews' hepatocarcinogenesis induced by hepatitis B virus (HBV) and aflatoxin B1 (AFB1).

Methods: Tree shrews were divided into four groups: the tree shrews were infected with HBV and fed with AFB1 in group A, only infected with HBV in group B, fed with AFB1 alone in group C, and normal control in group D. All the tree shrews were performed liver biopsy every 15 weeks.