Cloning and Characterization of the Gene Encoding Synthase in .

The saponins of had many pharmacological activities such as antitumor, antioxidation, and blood sugar lowering, which were synthesized by two pathways: mevalonate (MVA) and methylerythritol phosphate (MEP). 3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A synthase (HMGS) was the key enzyme in the MVA synthesis pathway, and its expression level may affect the accumulation of saponins which were the main active ingredients of . In this study, we successfully cloned and from and their sequence similarity was 93.

SSR Loci Analysis in Transcriptome and Molecular Marker Development in .

To study the SSR loci information and develop molecular markers, a total of 435,858 unigenes in transcriptome of were used to explore SSR. The distribution frequency of SSR and the basic characteristics of repeat motifs were analyzed using MISA software, and SSR primers were designed by Primer 3.0 software and then validated by PCR.

Inhibitory activities of Ranunculus japonicus Thunb. ethanol extract against hepatitis B virus.

The chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a worldwide public health problem, which cannot be cured by current therapeutics due to the persistence of viral CCC DNA in the infected hepatocytes. Screening from medicinal herbs for anti-HBV activities showed that the ethanol extract from Ranunculus japonicus Thunb. could decrease the production of HBV e antigen (HBeAg).

Transcriptome Analysis of Different Sections of Rhizome in Polygonatum sibiricum Red. and Mining Putative Genes Participate in Polysaccharide Biosynthesis.

As a traditional Chinese herb, the rhizomes of Polygonatum sibiricum Red. are rich in various compounds which have plenty of pharmacological applications and biological activities. Among them, Polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharides (PSP) are the main active ingredients and exhibit a broad range of pharmacological.

Transcriptome and HPLC Analysis Reveal the Regulatory Mechanisms of Aurantio-Obtusin in Space Environment-Induced Lines.

is a famous medicinal plant that is widely used in Asian countries. Its seed plays an important role in the treatment of many diseases because it contains various anthraquinones and flavonoids. Our previous studies have indicated that three space environment-induced lines (SP-lines) i.

Genome-Wide Characterization and Expression Analysis of Gene Family Under Abiotic Stress in .

gene family is one of the largest transcription factor families. It plays an important role in plant growth, metabolic, and environmental response. However, complete genome-wide investigation of gene family in remains unexplained.

SmKFB5 protein regulates phenolic acid biosynthesis by controlling the degradation of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase in Salvia miltiorrhiza.

Phenolic acids are the major secondary metabolites and significant bioactive constituents of the medicinal plant Salvia miltiorrhiza. Many enzyme-encoding genes and transcription factors involved in the biosynthesis of phenolic acids have been identified, but the underlying post-translational regulatory mechanisms are poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that the S.

Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Activity of Proanthocyanidins from .

Proanthocyanidins are natural glycosidase inhibitors with excellent antioxidant activity. This study aims to search for a new source of proanthocyanidins for the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes with higher content and better activity and get their structure elucidated. First, the total proanthocyanidins contents (TOPCs), antioxidant activity, antidiabetic activity of seven common Polygonaceae plants were analyzed and compared.

The ethylene response factor SmERF8 regulates the expression of SmKSL1 and is involved in tanshinone biosynthesis in Saliva miltiorrhiza hairy roots.

Saliva miltiorrhiza ethylene response factor (SmERF), predicted to be expressed genome-wide, is the potential regulator of tanshinone biosynthesis. However, few studies have investigated its transcriptional regulation pathways in tanshinone biosynthesis. Here, we report an ethylene response factor (SmERF8), which was screened by the SmKSL1 (a key gene in tanshinone biosynthesis) promoter from the S.

Overexpression of Enhances Anthocyanin Accumulation and Alters Phenolic Acids Content in and Bge f. Plantlets.

Flavonoids play multiple roles in plant coloration and stress resistance and are closely associated with human health. Flavonoids and non-flavonoids (such as phenolic acids) are produced via the phenylpropanoid-derived pathway. Anthocyanidin synthase (ANS) catalyzes the synthesis of anthocyanins from leucoanthocyanidin in the flavonoids branched pathway.

Comprehensive evaluation of wild Cordyceps cicadae from different geographical origins by TOPSIS method based on the macroscopic infrared spectroscopy (IR) fingerprint.

Cordyceps cicadae is an entomogenous fungus that has been used as a valuable traditional Chinese herbal tonic, however, it can be difficult to discern the false from the genuine. In this study, the macroscopic IR fingerprint methods containing Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and second derivative infrared spectroscopy (SD-IR) were used to elucidate wild C. cicadae.

Overexpression of SmbHLH10 enhances tanshinones biosynthesis in Salvia miltiorrhiza hairy roots.

The bHLH transcription factors have important role in regulation of plant growth, development, and secondary metabolism. Tanshinones are the major pharmaceutical components present in Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge. It has been reported that bHLHs have functions in terpenoids biosynthesis.

conidia possess antiproliferative and inducing apoptosis properties in gynaecological carcinoma cells.

is an entomogenous fungus that has been used as a traditional Chinese medicinal materials to treat different diseases, including cancer. However, conidia for inhibitory activity against breast cancer cells growth are still not systematically studied. The present aim was to elucidate the phytochemical composition of conidia and to explore relevant anti-cancer potential in gynaecological carcinoma MCF-7 and Hela cells.

Identification of seeds based on molecular markers and secondary metabolites in Senna obtusifolia and Senna occidentalis.

Background: Senna obtusifolia and Senna occidentalis (Leguminosae), whose seeds have similar appearance and chemical constituents, are easily confused in using their seeds. To elucidate the similarities and differences between S. obtusifolia seeds and S.

Artemisia dominant species succession relating to the soil moisture decrease in abandoned land of the Loess Plateau (China): comparative study of drought-adaptive characteristics.

Artemisia scoparia, Artemisia sacrorum and Artemisia giraldii were three dominant Artemisia species which successive grew in the secondary succession on abandoned land of the Loess Plateau. The succession accompanied the soil moisture steady decrease with field age after their abandonment. To elucidate the relationship between the Artemisia species succession and their drought-adaptation, three dominant species and a contrastive species Artemisia annua (mesophyte), were selected to compare their drought-resistant characteristics, including morphological and anatomical traits of leaf and root.

Spaceflight-induced variation on biological traits and effective components of Cassia obtusifolia.

The dry seeds of Cassia obtusifolia were carried by the "ShenZhou 8" satellite and sowed after landing. Based on our pri- or study on SP1, the characteristics of plants growth, physiological index and content of effective components were examined. The results showed that the QC10, QC29 strains matured 5 d earlier compared with control.

Assessment of the soil organic carbon sink in a project for the conversion of farmland to forestland: a case study in Zichang county, Shaanxi, China.

The conversion of farmland to forestland not only changes the ecological environment but also enriches the soil with organic matter and affects the global carbon cycle. This paper reviews the influence of land use changes on the soil organic carbon sink to determine whether the Chinese "Grain-for-Green" (conversion of farmland to forestland) project increased the rate of SOC content during its implementation between 1999 and 2010 in the hilly and gully areas of the Loess Plateau in north-central China. The carbon sink was quantified, and the effects of the main species were assessed.

Proline accumulation in leaves of Periploca sepium via both biosynthesis up-regulation and transport during recovery from severe drought.

Drought resistance and recovery ability are two important requisites for plant adaptation to drought environments. Proline (Pro) metabolism has been a major concern in plant drought tolerance. However, roles of Pro metabolism in plant recovery ability from severe drought stress are largely unexplored.

Different roles of the mevalonate and methylerythritol phosphate pathways in cell growth and tanshinone production of Salvia miltiorrhiza hairy roots.

Salvia miltiorrhiza has been widely used in the treatment of coronary heart disease. Tanshinones, a group of diterpenoids are the main active ingredients in S. miltiorrhiza.

[Effects of drying and re-watering on the photosynthesis and active oxygen metabolism of Periploca sepium seedlings].

Taking two-year-old Periploca sepium seedlings as test materials, an experiment with controlled soil water contents was conducted to study the effects of repeated drying and re-watering on the leaf photosynthetic characteristics and the lipid peroxidation and antioxidant system in young leaves, mature leaves, old leaves, new stems, and fine roots. The seedlings were subjected to three cycles of drying and re-watering, with regular irrigation to maintain the soil water content at around 80% of field capacity as the control (CK). Under drying, the leaf relative water content (RWC) and net photosynthesis rate (Pn) decreased significantly, while the leaf photosynthetic pigments content increased.

The protein kinase MEK1/2 participates in the regulation of ascorbate and glutathione content by jasmonic acid in Agropyron cristatum leaves.

This study investigated the role of the protein kinase MEK1/2 in the regulation of ascorbate and glutathione content by jasmonic acid in Agropyron cristatum leaves. The results showed that JA induced increases in the transcript levels and activities of APX, GR, MDHAR, DHAR, GalLDH and γ-ECS, the contents of AsA, GSH, total ascorbate and total glutathione, and the ratios of AsA/DHA and GSH/GSSG, and reduced the E(GSSG/2GSH). The increases, except for the transcript level and activity of γ-ECS and the reduction in E(GSSG/2GSH,) were all suppressed by pre-treatment with the MEK1/2 inhibitors PD98059 and U0126.

Investigation on water consumption characteristics and water use efficiency of poplar under soil water deficits on the Loess Plateau.

The water consumption characteristics and water use efficiency (WUE) of poplar (Populus simonii) were investigated under the condition of three different soil water regimes, which were 70%, 55% and 40% of field capacity (FC), respectively. The results showed that water potential, water content, photosynthetic rate, WUE of leaves, and plant growth rate decreased significantly with reduction in soil water content. At the level of adequate and medium soil water content, rapid growth and biomass accumulation in poplar occurred during May and June, whereas this phenomenon occurred only during May under severe soil drought condition.

[Relationships between water and productivity of seabuckthorn (Hippophae) in different habitats of the Loess Plateau, China].

This paper deals with the relationships between water and productivity of seabuckthorn in different habitats of the Loess Plateau in north Shaanxi. The typical habitats were classified with hilltop, sunny, shady, semi-shady and semi-sunny hillside. The results showed that values of transpiration of five kinds of habitats were different, and transpiration of semi-shady was relatively stronger in the morning while others were weaker.