Swept-Source OCT Angiography of Serpiginous Choroiditis.

Purpose: To examine and quantify choriocapillaris lesions in active and quiescent serpiginous choroiditis (SC) using swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (SS-OCTA) and en-face image analysis.

Design: Prospective observational case series.

Participants: Patients with a clinical diagnosis of SC.

Use of En Face Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography in Identifying Choroidal Flow Voids in 3 Patients With Birdshot Chorioretinopathy.

Importance: Patients with birdshot chorioretinopathy (BSCR) can experience a delay in diagnosis owing to the challenges of identifying the condition prior to evolution of characteristic choroidal scars. An objective, noninvasive method for detecting early lesions in BSCR might have an effect on preventing vision loss in these patients.

Objective: To test the feasibility of swept-source optical coherence tomography angiography (SS-OCTA) in the detection of BSCR choroidal lesions and to use en face image analysis of choroidal layers to localize lesion depth.

A noninvasive imaging and measurement using optical coherence tomography angiography for the assessment of gingiva: An in vivo study.

Gingiva is the soft tissue that surrounds and protects the teeth. Healthy gingiva provides an effective barrier to periodontal insults to deeper tissue, thus is an important indicator to a patient's periodontal health. Current methods in assessing gingival tissue health, including visual observation and physical examination with probing on the gingiva, are qualitative and subjective.

Comparing imaging capabilities of spectral domain and swept source optical coherence tomography angiography in healthy subjects and central serous retinopathy.

Background: There are two forms of system implementation of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in ophthalmic imaging, i.e., spectral domain (SD-) and swept source OCTA (SS-OCTA).

Quantification of Pulse-Dependent Trabecular Meshwork Motion in Normal Humans Using Phase-Sensitive OCT.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to characterize the pulsatile motion of trabecular meshwork (TM) in normal subjects and demonstrate its changes in accommodation with phase-sensitive optical coherence tomography (PhS-OCT).

Methods: A new PhS-OCT laboratory prototype was designed to measure pulsatile TM motion in 13 healthy humans. Two sets of images were captured in 10 subjects, first with best corrective refraction and the other with an additional 3.

Aging-associated changes in cerebral vasculature and blood flow as determined by quantitative optical coherence tomography angiography.

Normal aging is associated with significant alterations in brain's vascular structure and function, which can lead to compromised cerebral circulation and increased risk of neurodegeneration. The in vivo examination of cerebral blood flow (CBF), including capillary beds, in aging brains with sufficient spatial detail remains challenging with current imaging modalities. In the present study, we use 3-dimensional (3-D) quantitative optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) to examine characteristic differences of the cerebral vasculatures and hemodynamics at the somatosensory cortex between old (16 months old) and young mice (2 months old) in vivo.

OCT-based angiography of human dermal microvascular reactions to local stimuli: Implications for increasing capillary blood collection volumes.

Objectives: To measure and compare microvascular responses within the skin of the upper arm to local stimuli, such as heating or rubbing, through the use of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA), and to investigate its impact on blood volume collection.

Materials And Methods: With the use of heat packs or rubbing, local stimulation was applied to the skin of either the left or right upper arm. Data from the stimulated sites were obtained using OCTA comparing pre- and post-stimulation microvascular parameters, such as vessel density, mean vessel diameter, and mean avascular pore size.

Automated three-dimensional cell counting method for grading uveitis of rodent eye in vivo with optical coherence tomography.

In preclinical vision research, cell grading in small animal models is essential for the quantitative evaluation of intraocular inflammation. Here, we present a new and practical optical coherence tomography (OCT) image analysis method for the automated detection and counting of aqueous cells in the anterior chamber (AC) of a rodent model of uveitis. Anterior segment OCT images are acquired with a 100 kHz swept-source OCT system.

Optical coherence tomography angiography monitors human cutaneous wound healing over time.

Background: imaging of the complex cascade of events known to be pivotal elements in the healing of cutaneous wounds is a difficult but essential task. Current techniques are highly invasive, or lack the level of vascular and structural detail required for accurate evaluation, monitoring and treatment. We aimed to use an advanced optical coherence tomography (OCT)-based angiography (OCTA) technique for the non-invasive, high resolution imaging of cutaneous wound healing.

Capillary flow homogenization during functional activation revealed by optical coherence tomography angiography based capillary velocimetry.

Elaborate modeling study suggests an important role of capillary transit time heterogeneity (CTTH) reduction in brain oxygenation during functional hyperemia. Here, we use optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) capillary velocimetry to probe blood flow dynamics in cerebral capillary beds and validate the change in CTTH during functional activation in an in vivo rodent model. Through evaluating flow dynamics and consequent transit time parameters from thousands of capillary vessels within three-dimensional (3-D) tissue volume upon hindpaw electrical stimulation, we observe reductions in both capillary mean transit time (MTT) (9.

Analysis of the characteristics of optical coherence tomography angiography for retinal cavernous hemangioma: A case report.

Rationale: Retinal cavernous hemangioma is a rare congenital vascular malformation with typical fundus changes. Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA), which is in rise in the recent years, is a rapid and noninvasive technology to assist in obtaining information regarding the blood flow changes in the fundus lesions from different layers without injecting a contrast agent.

Patient Concerns: A 40-year-old male patient with visual occlusion in the right eye for >1 month was reported.

Optical Coherence Tomography Microangiography Imaging of Circumscribed Choroidal Hemangioma.

Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) is a new imaging technology capable of providing three-dimensional (3-D) retinal and choroidal microvascular maps without a need for exogenous dye. In this study, the authors evaluate the retinal and choroidal microvascular architecture of the macula in a patient with choroidal hemangioma using OCTA. Widefield OCTA with tracking capability and segmentation was performed to provide images with a field of view at 9 × 9 mm.

Structural and Functional Associations of Macular Microcirculation in the Ganglion Cell-Inner Plexiform Layer in Glaucoma Using Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography.

Purpose: To quantify retinal microvasculature within the macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GCIPL) in primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and normal eyes, determine association of vessel parameters with structural and functional measures, and report diagnostic accuracy of vessel parameters.

Methods: POAG and normal patients underwent 6×6 mm macula scans [Angioplex optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA); Cirrus HD-OCT 5000]; and Humphrey Field Analyzer II-i 24-2 visual field (VF). Prototype software performed semiautomatic segmentation to create GCIPL en face images, and quantified vessel area density (VAD), vessel skeleton density (VSD), and vessel complexity index (VCI) for the macula (globally, hemifields, and 6 focal sectors).

Optical coherence tomography angiography of normal skin and inflammatory dermatologic conditions.

Background: In clinical dermatology, the identification of subsurface vascular and structural features known to be associated with numerous cutaneous pathologies remains challenging without the use of invasive diagnostic tools.

Objective: To present an advanced optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) method to directly visualize capillary-level vascular and structural features within skin in vivo.

Methods: An advanced OCTA system with a 1310 nm wavelength was used to image the microvascular and structural features of various skin conditions.

A Novel Strategy for Quantifying Choriocapillaris Flow Voids Using Swept-Source OCT Angiography.

Purpose: To achieve reproducible imaging of the choriocapillaris and associated flow voids using swept-source OCT angiography (SS-OCTA).

Methods: Subjects were enrolled and SS-OCTA was performed using the 3 × 3 mm scan pattern. Blood flow was identified using the complex optical microangiography (OMAG) algorithm.

Robust principal component analysis in optical micro-angiography.

Background: Recent development of optical micro-angiography (OMAG) utilizes principal component analysis (PCA), where linear-regression filter is employed to separate static and blood flow signals within optical coherence tomography (OCT). While PCA is relatively simple and computationally efficient, the technique is sensitive to and easily skewed by outliers. In this paper, robust PCA (RPCA) is thus introduced to tackle this issue in traditional PCA.

Optical coherence elastography in ophthalmology.

Optical coherence elastography (OCE) can provide clinically valuable information based on local measurements of tissue stiffness. Improved light sources and scanning methods in optical coherence tomography (OCT) have led to rapid growth in systems for high-resolution, quantitative elastography using imaged displacements and strains within soft tissue to infer local mechanical properties. We describe in some detail the physical processes underlying tissue mechanical response based on static and dynamic displacement methods.

Utility of optical coherence tomography angiography in detecting glaucomatous damage in a uveitic patient with disc congestion: A case report.

Purpose: To report a case of uveitic glaucoma with a congested optic disc where optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) provided diagnostic utility in assessing glaucomatous damage but optical coherence tomography (OCT) alone had limited utility.

Observations: We report a case of a 33-year-old Caucasian female referred to the USC Roski Eye Institute for uncontrolled intraocular pressure (IOP) in the left eye. She was managed by an outside provider for 6 months, where her IOP ranged from 28 to 42 mm Hg in the left eye on maximally tolerated medical therapy.

Special Section Guest Editorial: Commemorating 25 Years of Optical Coherence Tomography: a Perspective on Biomedical Applications.

This guest editorial introduces the Special Section on 25 Years of OCT.

Multifunctional in vivo imaging for monitoring wound healing using swept-source polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography.

Background And Objective: Wound healing involves a complex and dynamic biological process in response to tissue injury. Monitoring of the cascade of cellular events is useful for wound management and treatment. The aim of this study is to demonstrate the potential of multifunctional polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography (PS-OCT) to longitudinally monitor the self-healing process in a murine cutaneous wound model.

Long ranging swept-source optical coherence tomography-based angiography outperforms its spectral-domain counterpart in imaging human skin microcirculations.

There is an increasing demand for imaging tools in clinical dermatology that can perform in vivo wide-field morphological and functional examination from surface to deep tissue regions at various skin sites of the human body. The conventional spectral-domain optical coherence tomography-based angiography (SD-OCTA) system is difficult to meet these requirements due to its fundamental limitations of the sensitivity roll-off, imaging range as well as imaging speed. To mitigate these issues, we demonstrate a swept-source OCTA (SS-OCTA) system by employing a swept source based on a vertical cavity surface-emitting laser.

Complex signal-based optical coherence tomography angiography enables in vivo visualization of choriocapillaris in human choroid.

The choriocapillaris (CC) plays an essential role in maintaining the normal functions of the human eye. There is increasing interest in the community to develop an imaging technique for visualizing the CC, yet this remains underexplored due to technical limitations. We propose an approach for the visualization of the CC in humans via a complex signal-based optical microangiography (OMAG) algorithm, based on commercially available spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT).

PARACENTRAL ACUTE MIDDLE MACULOPATHY ASSOCIATED WITH BILATERAL OPTIC DISK SWELLING AND MENINGITIS.

Background/purpose: To present a novel case of paracentral acute middle maculopathy associated with bilateral optic disk swelling.

Methods: Retrospective case report.

Results: A 67-year-old woman presented with sudden onset of central vision loss and subsequent bilateral optic disk edema, retinal vessel attenuation, and anterior uveitis.

Complex-based OCT angiography algorithm recovers microvascular information better than amplitude- or phase-based algorithms in phase-stable systems.

Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) is increasingly becoming a popular inspection tool for biomedical imaging applications. By exploring the amplitude, phase and complex information available in OCT signals, numerous algorithms have been proposed that contrast functional vessel networks within microcirculatory tissue beds. However, it is not clear which algorithm delivers optimal imaging performance.