Unlocking the potential of vinegar residue: A novel biorefining strategy for amino acid-enriched xylooligosaccharides and humic-like acid.

In order to address the issue of low amino acid retention in the production of xylooligosaccharides (XOS) through hydrothermal pretreatment at high temperatures, a novel approach combining low temperature acid hydrolysis and enzymatic hydrolysis was employed. This innovative method not only allows for the production of amino acid-rich XOS, but also yields a valuable byproduct known as humic-like acid (HLA) from vinegar residue (VR). Under the optimal pretreatment conditions (89 °C, 6 h, 1.

CD74 fibroblasts proliferate upon mechanical stretching to promote angiogenesis in keloids.

The healing of human skin wounds is susceptible to perturbation caused by excessive mechanical stretching, resulting in enlarged scars, hypertrophic scars, or even keloids in predisposed individuals. Keloids are fibro-proliferative scar tissues that extend beyond the initial wound boundary, consisting of the actively progressing periphery and the quiescent center. The stretch-associated outgrowth and enhanced angiogenesis are two features of the periphery of keloids.

Tissue-specific GlcNAcylation profiling identifies substrates in translational machinery in mushroom body contributing to olfactory learning.

GlcNAcylation is a dynamic post-translational modification that diversifies the proteome. Its dysregulation is associated with neurological disorders that impair cognitive function, and yet identification of phenotype-relevant candidate substrates in a brain-region specific manner remains unfeasible. By combining an GlcNAc binding activity derived from OGA (OGA) with TurboID proximity labeling in , we developed an GlcNAcylation profiling tool that translates GlcNAc modification into biotin conjugation for tissue-specific candidate substrates enrichment.

Exposure to high-sugar diet induces transgenerational changes in sweet sensitivity and feeding behavior via H3K27me3 reprogramming.

Human health is facing a host of new threats linked to unbalanced diets, including high-sugar diet (HSD), which contributes to the development of both metabolic and behavioral disorders. Studies have shown that diet-induced metabolic dysfunctions can be transmitted to multiple generations of offspring and exert long-lasting health burden. Meanwhile, whether and how diet-induced behavioral abnormalities can be transmitted to the offspring remains largely unclear.

A patent and literature review of CDK12 inhibitors.

Introduction: Cyclin-dependent kinase 12 (CDK12) belongs to the CDK family of serine/threonine protein kinases and is associated with cyclin K to exert its biological functions, including regulating gene transcription, mRNA processing, and translation. Increasing evidences demonstrate the importance of CDK12 in various human cancers, illustrating its potential as both biomarker and therapeutic target. In addition, CDK12 is also a promising target for the treatment of myotonic dystrophy type 1.

Functional reciprocity of proteins involved in mitosis and endocytosis.

Mitosis and endocytosis are two fundamental cellular processes essential for maintaining a eukaryotic life. Mitosis partitions duplicated chromatin enveloped in the nuclear membrane into two new cells, whereas endocytosis takes in extracellular substances through membrane invagination. These two processes are spatiotemporally separated and seemingly unrelated.

Receptor for advanced glycation end-product rs1800624 polymorphism contributes to increase breast cancer risk: Evidence from a meta-analysis.

Background: Although several studies have identified an association between the receptor for advanced glycation end-product (RAGE) rs1800624 polymorphism and breast cancer, the results have been conflicting. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to assess the relationship between the RAGE rs1800624 polymorphism and breast cancer risk.

Methods: Studies were searched in the PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Wanfang Med Online, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases until September 20, 2019 to identify all potential literature on this association.

The Kinase Activity of Drosophila BubR1 Is Required for Insulin Signaling-Dependent Stem Cell Maintenance.

As a core component of the mitotic checkpoint complex, BubR1 has a modular organization of molecular functions, with KEN box and other motifs at the N terminus inhibiting the anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome, and a kinase domain at the C terminus, whose function remains unsettled, especially at organismal levels. We generate knock-in BubR1 mutations in the Drosophila genome to separately disrupt the KEN box and the kinase domain. All of the mutants are homozygously viable and fertile and show no defects in mitotic progression.

Multidisciplinary team for the diagnosis and treatment of 2 cases of primary intestinal yolk sac tumor.

Extragonadal primary yolk sac tumor of the intestinal tract origin is exceedingly rare. Through a multiple disciplinary team, the diagnosis and treatment of primary intestinal yolk sac tumor were further defined. We report 2 such cases with detailed histologic and immunohistochemical analysis.

Anomalous effect of the aging degree on the ionic permeability of silica shells.

We present a systematic study on the ionic permeability and protective ability of silica shells with different aging degrees by using the acid etching of silica-coated iron oxide nanoparticles as the model reaction. Contradictory to common impressions, we found that the ionic permeability of silica shells increased rather than decreased with the increasing aging degree. This trend may be explained by the chemical nature of the sol-gel silica shell that affects the wettability and, thereby, the transportation of water molecules and hydrated ions.