Direct and indirect consumption activities drive distinct urban-rural inequalities in air pollution-related mortality in China.

Household consumption in China is associated with substantial PM pollution, through activities directly (i.e., fuel use) and/or indirectly (i.

Inequality in historical transboundary anthropogenic PM health impacts.

Atmospheric transport of fine particulate matter (PM), the leading environmental risk factor for public health, is estimated to exert substantial transboundary effects at present. During the past several decades, human-produced pollutant emissions have undergone drastic and regionally distinctive changes, yet it remains unclear about the resulting global transboundary health impacts. Here we show that between 1950 and 2014, global anthropogenic PM has led to 185.

Considerable Unaccounted Local Sources of NO Emissions in China Revealed from Satellite.

High-resolution (e.g., 5 km) emission data of nitrogen oxides (NO = NO + NO) provide localized knowledge of pollution sources for targeted regulations, yet such data are lacking or inaccurate over most regions at present.

Environmental taxation and regional inequality in China.

In order to combat environmental pollution, China enacted the Environmental Protection Tax Law in early 2018. Yet the impacts of the environmental tax on individual regions with different socioeconomic statuses, which are crucial for social justice and public acceptance, remain unclear. Based on a Multi-Regional Input-Output (MRIO) table and a nationally regulated tax payment calculation method, this study analyzes the distributional impacts of an environmental tax based upon province's consumption from both inter-provincial and rural-urban aspects.

Carbon and health implications of trade restrictions.

In a globalized economy, production of goods can be disrupted by trade disputes. Yet the resulting impacts on carbon dioxide emissions and ambient particulate matter (PM) related premature mortality are unclear. Here we show that in contrast to a free trade world, with the emission intensity in each sector unchanged, an extremely anti-trade scenario with current tariffs plus an additional 25% tariff on each traded product would reduce the global export volume by 32.

Air pollution exposure associates with increased risk of neonatal jaundice.

Clinical experience suggests increased incidences of neonatal jaundice when air quality worsens, yet no studies have quantified this relationship. Here we reports investigations in 25,782 newborns showing an increase in newborn's bilirubin levels, the indicator of neonatal jaundice risk, by 0.076 (95% CI: 0.

Clean air for some: Unintended spillover effects of regional air pollution policies.

China has enacted a number of ambitious pollution control policies to mitigate air pollution in urban areas. Unintended side effects of these policies to other environmental policy arenas and regions have largely been ignored. To bridge this gap, we use a multiregional input-output model in combination with an atmospheric chemical transport model to simulate clean air policy scenarios and evaluate their environmental impacts on primary PM and secondary precursor emissions, as well as CO emissions and water consumption, in the target region and spillover effects to other regions.

Updated Hourly Emissions Factors for Chinese Power Plants Showing the Impact of Widespread Ultralow Emissions Technology Deployment.

Nationwide severe air pollution has prompted China to mandate the adoption of ultralow emissions (ULE) control technologies at all of its coal-fired power plants by 2020. This process has accelerated greatly since 2014 and, combined with operational adjustments related to overcapacity, has reduced the emissions of nitrogen oxides (NO ), sulfur dioxide (SO), and particulate matter (PM). Yet the quantitative understanding of ULE benefits is poor.

Transboundary health impacts of transported global air pollution and international trade.

Millions of people die every year from diseases caused by exposure to outdoor air pollution. Some studies have estimated premature mortality related to local sources of air pollution, but local air quality can also be affected by atmospheric transport of pollution from distant sources. International trade is contributing to the globalization of emission and pollution as a result of the production of goods (and their associated emissions) in one region for consumption in another region.