Research on the traceability and treatment of nitrate pollution in groundwater: a comprehensive review.

The preservation of groundwater quality is essential for maintaining the integrity of the water ecological cycle. The preservation of groundwater quality is crucial for sustaining the integrity of the water ecological cycle. Nitrate (NO) has emerged as a pervasive contaminant in groundwater, attracting significant research attention due to its extensive distribution and the potential environmental consequences it poses.

Longitudinal trajectories of psychological resilience and cognitive impairment among older adults: Evidence from a national cohort study.

Objectives: The relationship between resilience trajectories and cognitive health is not well understood. This study aimed to identify clusters of psychological resilience trajectories in a national sample of older adults and to examine the association with cognitive impairment over time.

Methods: This study used data from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) from 2008 to 2018, and 2,788 respondents were included in this prospective analysis.

Structure-guided design of a prefusion GPC trimer induces neutralizing responses against LASV.

Lassa virus (LASV) belongs to the Arenaviridae family and causes severe hemorrhagic fever in humans. Although many vaccine candidates for Lassa fever exist, no vaccines have been approved for clinical use currently. The precursor glycoprotein complex (GPC), which is expressed as a trimer on the viral surface, is the main target for vaccine development.

Epitope-focused vaccine immunogens design using tailored horseshoe-shaped scaffold.

The continuous emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants highlights the need to update coronavirus 2019 disease (COVID-19) vaccine components. Epitope-based vaccine designs targeting conserved and immunorecessive regions of SARS-CoV-2 are critically needed. Here, we report an engineered epitope-focused immunogen design based on a novel horseshoe-shaped natural protein scaffold, named ribonuclease inhibitor 1 (RNH1), that can multiply display of conserved neutralizing epitopes from SARS-CoV-2 S2 stem helix.

The role of B cells in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes.

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a metabolic disorder caused by a complete lack of insulin, primarily manifested by hyperglycemia. The mechanisms underlying the onset of T1D are complex, involving genetics, environment, and various unknown factors, leading to the infiltration of various immune components into the islets. Besides T cells, B cells are now considered important contributors to the pathogenesis of T1D, according to recent studies.

Evaluation of the impact of continuous nursing and cluster nursing on carpal tunnel syndrome release surgery.

Background: This study aimed to estimate the influence of continuous and cluster nursing on carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) release surgery.

Methods: Ninety-six patients with CTS were treated in our hospital from November 2019 to December 2021. These patients were randomly divided into two groups of 48 patients.

Early Diagnosis of Bloodstream Infections Using Serum Metabolomic Analysis.

Background: Bloodstream infections (BSIs) pose a great challenge to treating patients, especially those with underlying diseases, such as immunodeficiency diseases. Early diagnosis helps to direct precise empirical antibiotic administration and proper clinical management. This study carried out a serum metabolomic analysis using blood specimens sampled from patients with a suspected infection whose routine culture results were later demonstrated to be positive.

High-rate nitrogen and phosphorus removal in a sulfur and pyrrhotite modified foam concrete constructed wetland.

In order to develop constructed wetland (CW) with high-rate N and P removal, sulfur and pyrrhotite modified foam concrete (SPFC) was prepared and used as a substrate to construct CW (SPFC-CW). At hydraulic retention time 6 h, SPFC-CW achieved effluent total nitrogen (TN) 9.96 mg/L and PO-P 0.

Foam FeSO modified limestone sulfur concrete for non-stink and high-rate nitrogen and phosphorus removal from wastewater.

Aiming at disadvantages of conventional sulfur-limestone autotrophic denitrification system, such as producing stink (HS) and low-rate nitrogen and phosphorus removal from wastewater with low C/N, foam FeSO modified limestone sulfur concrete (FFLSC) was prepared. Experimental parameters of FFLSC biofilter, such as hydraulic retention time (HRT), influent NO-N, additional alkalinity and COD addition, were tested. For wastewater without COD, FFLSC biofilter could simultaneously remove TON (NO-N+NO-N) from 22.

Investigating the causal relationship between immune factors and ankylosing spondylitis: insights from a Mendelian Randomization study.

Background: Despite previous studies indicating a close relationship between immune system and ankylosing spondylitis (AS), the causal relationship between them remains unclear.

Methods: Genome-wide association data were utilized to explore the causal link between 731 immune cells and AS using a bidirectional two-sample MR approach. The data included immune cell data from Orrù et al.

Gut microbiota participates and remodels host metabolism: From treating patients to treating their gut flora.

In this editorial, we comment on Liu s article published in the recent issue of the . Biochemically and pathologically, Liu proved that the urate-lowering activity of leech total protein (LTP) was mainly attributed to the rectification of gut microbiota. Specifically, we noticed the change in and after LTP administration.

The relationship between dietary vitamin B1 intake and severe abdominal aortic calcification among the general population in the United States.

Background: Vitamin B1 deficiency is closely associated with vascular system damage, but the relationship between dietary vitamin B1 intake and abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) remains unclear and warrants further investigation.

Methods: 2,640 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2013-2014 were included in the study. Severe AAC was defined as Kauppila score >5.

Peripheral molecular and brain structural profile implicated stress activation and hyperoxidation in methamphetamine use disorder.

Aim: Methamphetamine use disorders (MUDs) cause widespread disruptions in metabolomic and immunologic processes, highlighting the need for new therapeutic approaches. The purpose of this study was to find molecular and neuroimaging biomarkers for methamphetamine addiction.

Methods: In this study, we recruited 231 patients with MUD at varying stages of withdrawal and 40 healthy controls to quantify the blood levels of 52 molecules using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Feasibility and mechanism of adsorption and bioreduction of hexavalent chromium using Rhodopseudomonas palustris immobilized on multiple materials.

Rhodopseudomonas palustris immobilized on multiple materials was used to invistigate Cr(VI) adsorption and bioreduction. The highest Cr(VI) removal (97.5%) was achieved at 276h under the opitimed conditions of 2.

Performance, mechanism regulation and resource recycling of bacteria-algae symbiosis system for wastewater treatment: A review.

The bacteria-algae synergistic wastewater treatment process not only efficiently eliminates nutrients and absorbs heavy metals, but also utilizes photosynthesis to convert light energy into chemical energy, generating valuable bioresource. The study systematically explores the formation, algal species, and regulatory strategies of the bacterial-algal symbiosis system. It provides a detailed analysis of various interaction mechanisms, with a particular focus on nutrient exchange, signal transduction, and gene transfer.

Global, regional, and national analyses of the burden of colorectal cancer attributable to diet low in milk from 1990 to 2019: longitudinal observational study.

Background: Globally, diet low in milk is the third greatest risk factor for colorectal cancer (CRC). However, there has been a lack of detailed worldwide analysis of the burden and trends of CRC attributable to diet low in milk.

Objective: We aim to assess the spatiotemporal trends of CRC-related mortality and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) attributable to diet low in milk at the global, regional, and national levels from 1990 to 2019.

Ozone rectal insufflation mitigates chronic rapid eye movement sleep deprivation-induced cognitive impairment through inflammation alleviation and gut microbiota regulation in mice.

A range of sleep disorders has the potential to adversely affect cognitive function. This study was undertaken with the objective of investigating the effects of ozone rectal insufflation (O3-RI) on cognitive dysfunction induced by chronic REM sleep deprivation, as well as elucidating possible underlying mechanisms. O3-RI ameliorated cognitive dysfunction in chronic REM sleep deprived mice, improved the neuronal damage in the hippocampus region and decreased neuronal loss.

Understanding college success through the lens of first-generation students in China: An interpretative phenomenological analysis.

Background: First-generation college students face unique challenges in navigating the higher education system, and understanding their perceptions of college success is crucial for providing appropriate support.

Objective: This qualitative study aimed to explore the perceptions of 15 first-generation college students regarding college success and to identify the factors they consider important for achieving success in college.

Method: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with the participants, and the data were analyzed using interpretative phenomenological analysis.

The application of Raman spectroscopy for the diagnosis and monitoring of lung tumors.

Raman spectroscopy is an optical technique that uses inelastic light scattering in response to vibrating molecules to produce chemical fingerprints of tissues, cells, and biofluids. Raman spectroscopy strategies produce high levels of chemical specificity without requiring extensive sample preparation, allowing for the use of advanced optical tools such as microscopes, fiber optics, and lasers that operate in the visible and near-infrared spectral range, making them increasingly suitable for a wide range of medical diagnostic applications. Metal nanoparticles and nonlinear optical effects can improve Raman signals, and optimized fiber optic Raman probes can make real-time, single-point observations.

Single cell analysis reveals the roles and regulatory mechanisms of type-I interferons in Parkinson's disease.

The pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD) is strongly associated with neuroinflammation, and type I interferons (IFN-I) play a crucial role in regulating immune and inflammatory responses. However, the specific features of IFN in different cell types and the underlying mechanisms of PD have yet to be fully described. In this study, we analyzed the GSE157783 dataset, which includes 39,024 single-cell RNA sequencing results for five PD patients and six healthy controls from the Gene Expression Omnibus database.