Hydrothermal fabrication of composite chitosan grafted salicylaldehyde/coal fly ash/algae for malachite green dye removal: A statistical optimization.

In this study, chitosan grafted salicylaldehyde/coal fly ash/algae (Chi-SL/CFA/Alg) was synthesized by assistance of hydrothermal process to be an effective adsorbent to remove cationic dye (malachite green: MG) from water. The physicochemical properties of the Chi-SL/CFA/Alg biomaterial were examined using SEM-EDX, pH, specific surface area (BET), and FTIR analyses. The optimization process of the adsorption operation parameters for MG removal by Chi-SL/CFA/Alg were optimized using a Box-Behnken design (BBD).

An eco-friendly chitosan-genipin/SiO composite for reactive orange 16 dye removal: Insights into adsorption statistical modeling and mechanism.

The present work develops an effective bioadsorbent of cross-linked chitosan-genipin/SiO adsorbent (CHI-GNP/SiO). The developed CHI-GNP/SiO was employed for the removal of organic dye (reactive orange 16, RO16) from simulated wastewater. The optimization of the fundamental adsorption variables (CHI-GNP/SiO dose, time, and pH) via the Box-Behnken design (BBD) was attained for achieving maximal adsorption capacity and high removal efficiency.

Blended and wastes for activated carbon production via microwave-ZnCl activation: optimization for methylene blue dye removal.

Herein, this work targets to employ the blended fruit wastes including rambutan () peel and durian ( seed as a promising precursor to produce activated carbon (RPDSAC). The generation of RPDSAC was accomplished through a rapid and practical procedure (microwave-ZnCl activation). To evaluate the adsorptive capabilities of RPDSAC, its efficacy in eliminating methylene blue (MB), a simulated cationic dye, was measured.

New findings on the risk of hypertension from organophosphorus exposure under different glycemic statuses: The key role of lipids?

Background And Objective: Considering the widespread use of organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) and the global prevalence of hypertension (HTN), as well as studies indicating that different glycemic statuses may respond differently to the biological effects of OPs. Therefore, this study, based on the Henan rural cohort, aims to investigate the association between OPs exposure and HTN, and further explores whether lipids mediate these associations.

Methods: We measured the plasma levels of OPs in 2730 participants under different glycemic statuses using gas chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS).

Chitosan-grafted salicylaldehyde/algae composite for methyl violet dye removal: adsorption modeling and optimization.

In this study, a hydrothermal approach was employed to graft chitosan (Chit)/algae (ALG) with salicylaldehyde (SA), resulting in the synthesis of a biocomposite named salicylaldehyde-based chitosan Schiff base/algae (Chit-SA/ALG). The main objective of this biocomposite was to effectively remove methyl violet (MV), an organic dye, from aqueous solutions. The adsorption performance of Chit-SA/ALG toward MV was investigated in detail, considering the effects of three factors: (A) Chit-SA/ALG dose (ranging from 0.

Exploring Female Relatives of Patients with Hemophilia' Awareness, Attitudes, and Understanding Towards Genetic Testing.

Purpose: A better understanding of the factors that influence engagement is needed to provide a reference for conducting genetic testing in female relatives of patients with hemophilia (PWH). We therefore determined the perceptions and understanding of genetic testing among female relatives of PWH in China.

Methods: We carried out a qualitative study using in-depth, semi-structured interviews with 11 female relatives of PWH in Shanxi Province, China.

Multifunctional transmission-type microwave metadevice based on spin-decoupled and linear-to-circular metasurfaces.

Metasurfaces have enabled precise electromagnetic (EM) wave manipulation with strong potential to obtain unprecedented functionalities and multifunctional behavior in flat optical devices. One promising aspect to achieve multifunction is polarization-dependent metadevices enabled by simultaneous phase control over orthogonally polarized waves. Among these, metasurfaces with geometric phase shows their natural and robust phase control ability over different circularly polarized waves.

Organically modified montmorillonite composited with magnetic glyoxal-chitosan Schiff base for reactive blue 19 dye removal: Process optimization and adsorptive mechanism.

In this study, a new biocomposite magnetic adsorbent (magnetic glyoxal-chitosan Schiff base/organically modified montmorillonite (MCTS-GOX/OMMT)) was synthesized and employed for the adsorption of reactive blue 19 dye (RB19) from aqueous environment. The physicochemical properties of the MCTS-GOX/OMMT were confirmed by using various characterization techniques such as BET, XRD, FTIR, SEM-EDX, VSM, and pH. The adsorption key variables were statistically optimized via Box-Behnken design (BBD) And accordingly the best operational conditions to achieve maximum RB19 removal were recorded at MCTS-GOX/OMMT dosage = 0.

Bisphenol-A-diglycidyl ether modified chitosan/nano-SiO via hydrothermal process: A statistical modeling and adsorption mechanism for reactive orange 16 dye removal.

In this study, chitosan/nano SiO (CTS/NS) was chemically modified with bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) cross-linker-assisted hydrothermal process to create an effective adsorbent, CTS-BADGE/NS, for the removal of reactive orange 16 (RO16) dye from aquatic systems. Box-Behnken design (BBD) was used to optimize the adsorption process by varying the adsorbent dose (0.02-0.

Tumor biology, immune infiltration and liver function define seven hepatocellular carcinoma subtypes linked to distinct drivers, survival and drug response.

Background & Aims: Tumor heterogeneity is jointly determined by the components of the tumor ecosystem (TES) including tumor cells, immune cells, stromal cells, and non-cellular components. We aimed to identify subtypes using TES-related genes and determine subtype specific drivers and treatments for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods: We collected 68 genesets depicting tumor biology, immune infiltration, and liver function, totaling 2831 genes, and collected mRNA profiles and clinical data for over 6000 tumors from 65 datasets in the GEO, TCGA, ICGC, and several other databases.

Development of a chitosan/nanosilica biocomposite with arene functionalization via hydrothermal synthesis for acid red 88 dye removal.

Herein, the polymer nanomatrix of chitosan/SiO (CHI/n-SiO) was enriched with a π-π electron donor-acceptor system using diaromatic rings of benzil (BEZ) assisted via a hydrothermal process to obtain an effective adsorbent of chitosan-benzil/SiO (CHI-BEZ/n-SiO). The polymer nanomatrix (CHI/n-SiO) and the resulting adsorbent (CHI-BEZ/n-SiO) were applied to remove the anionic acid red 88 (AR88) dye from aqueous media in a comparative mode. Box-Behnken design (BBD) was adopted to optimize AR88 adsorption onto CHI/n-SiO and CHI-BEZ/n-SiO with respect to variables that influence AR88 adsorption (adsorbent dose: 0.

Functionalization of chitosan biopolymer with SiO nanoparticles and benzaldehyde via hydrothermal process for acid red 88 dye adsorption: Box-Behnken design optimization.

An effective hydrothermally prepared chitosan-benzaldehyde/SiO adsorbent (CTA-BZA/SiO) employed functionalization of a CTA biopolymer with SiO nanoparticles and BZA. CTA-BZA/SiO is an adsorbent that was utilized for the adsorption of an acidic dye (acid red 88, AR88) from synthetic wastewater. The fundamental adsorption variables (A: CTA-BZA/SiO dosage (0.

Apolipoprotein H induces sex-specific steatohepatitis and gut dysbiosis during chronic hepatitis B infection.

Apolipoprotein H (APOH) is involved in lipid metabolism and functions as an acute-phase protein during hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Herein, we explored whether APOH acts on the development of fatty liver upon chronic HBV infection. Serum APOH level was significantly lower in cirrhosis patients than in healthy controls or patients with chronic infection.

Identification of Liver Fibrosis-Related MicroRNAs in Human Primary Hepatic Stellate Cells Using High-Throughput Sequencing.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) participate in hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation, which drives liver fibrosis initiation and progression. We aimed to identify novel hepatic fibrosis targets using miRNA sequencing (miRNA-seq) of human primary HSCs. Surgically resected liver tissues were used to extract HSCs.

Tunable Terahertz Wavefront Modulation Based on Phase Change Materials Embedded in Metasurface.

In the past decades, metasurfaces have shown their extraordinary abilities on manipulating the wavefront of electromagnetic wave. Based on the ability, various kinds of metasurfaces are designed to realize new functional metadevices based on wavefront manipulations, such as anomalous beam steering, focus metalens, vortex beams generator, and holographic imaging. However, most of the previously proposed designs based on metasurfaces are fixed once design, which is limited for applications where light modulation needs to be tunable.

Automatic and inverse design of broadband terahertz absorber based on optimization of genetic algorithm for dual metasurfaces.

In this study, we introduce a genetic algorithm (GA) into the catenary theory model to achieve automatic and inverse design for terahertz (THz) metasurface absorbers. The GA method was employed by seeking optimal dispersion distributions to achieve broadband impedance matching. A THz dual-metasurface absorber was designed using the proposed approach.

Liver biopsy of chronic hepatitis B patients indicates HBV integration profile may complicate the endpoint and effect of entecavir treatment.

Aims: Viral integration profiles attract increased interest in the study of HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but their features in the early stage of infection and changes due to antiviral treatments remain largely unknown.

Methods: Liver biopsies and paired blood samples were obtained from HBeAg-positive patients before and after 48 weeks of entecavir treatment, and a probe-based capture strategy was applied for analyzing the HBV integrations in these samples. Serum HBV markers, including viral DNA, pgRNA, and HBsAg, were longitudinally assessed.

Serum qAnti-HBc combined with ALT and HBsAg predicts significant hepatic inflammation in HBeAg-positive immune active patients.

Background And Aim: Quantitative hepatitis B core antibody (qAnti-HBc) level has been reported to predict significant liver inflammation in treatment-naïve chronic hepatitis B patients. However, little evidence has been revealed that qAnti-HBc alone or with other serum parameters in predicting moderate to severe hepatic inflammation in HBeAg-positive immune active patients treated with entecavir (ETV).

Methods: A total of 142 patients with HBeAg-positive immune active hepatitis were recruited in our study.

HDV Seroprevalence in HBsAg-Positive Patients in China Occurs in Hotspots and Is Not Associated with HCV Mono-Infection.

HDV infection causes severe liver disease, the global health burden of which may be underestimated due to limited epidemiological data. HDV depends on HBV for infection, but recent studies indicated that dissemination can also be supported by other helper viruses such as HCV. We used a rapid point-of-care test and an ELISA to retrospectively test for antibodies against the Hepatitis Delta antigen (anti-HDV-Ab) in 4103 HBsAg-positive and 1661 HBsAg-negative, anti-HCV-positive sera from China and Germany.

Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio and Albumin: New Serum Biomarkers to Predict the Prognosis of Male Alcoholic Cirrhosis Patients.

Background And Aims: Alcohol-associated liver disease is exhibiting an increasing disease burden. In terms of pathogenesis, inflammation is closely related to alcohol-induced liver injury. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is a novel inflammatory biomarker.

Serum HBV RNA correlated with intrahepatic cccDNA more strongly than other HBV markers during peg-interferon treatment.

Background: Serum hepatitis B virus RNA (HBV RNA) has been reported to be a surrogate marker of intrahepatic cccDNA during nucleos(t)ide analogs therapy. However, in HBeAg-positive patients treated with peg-interferon (peg-IFN), whether HBV RNA is superior to other HBV markers in reflecting cccDNA profile is still unclear.

Methods: Serum HBV RNA, HBcrAg, HBV DNA, and HBsAg were longitudinally assessed among 30 HBeAg-positive patients during 48-week peg-IFN treatment.