US-BSF: a unified simplification of BSF model with different scattering phase functions for underwater wireless optical communication.

Underwater wireless optical communications (UWOCs) use beam shaping techniques such as the Beer-Lambert (BL) law which describes how light interacts with matter. The BL model ignores the scattering effect of UWOC, while the beam spread function (BSF) can characterize the combined effect of absorption and scattering of UWOC more accurately. The original triple-integral beam spread function (OTI-BSF) involves the Bessel function, which is very time-consuming to calculate.