Widely targeted metabolomics analysis of mycelia and fruiting bodies at different harvest stages.

is a medicinal macrofungus cultivated extensively in China. Both the mycelia and fruiting bodies of have remarkable therapeutic properties, but it remains unclear whether the mycelia may serve as a substitute for the fruiting bodies. Furthermore, is a perennial fungus with therapeutic components that vary significantly depending on the growing year of the fruiting bodies.

UPLC-ESI-MS/MS-based widely targeted metabolomics reveals differences in metabolite composition among four species.

The Chinese name "Lingzhi" refers to genus, which are increasingly used in the food and medical industries. species are often used interchangeably since the differences in their composition are not known. To find compositional metabolite differences among species, we conducted a widely targeted metabolomics analysis of four commonly used edible and medicinal species based on ultra performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry.

Serum uric acid level is associated with glomerular ischemic lesions in patients with primary membranous nephropathy: an analytical, cross-sectional study.

To investigate the relationship between serum uric acid level and glomerular ischemic lesions (GIL) in patients with primary membranous nephropathy (PMN) and identify relevant risk factors. A total of 201 patients with PMN but normal renal function confirmed by renal biopsy executed in the Liaocheng People's Hospital, China, during January 2020-January 2023 were analyzed retrospectively. The enrolled patients were divided into a hyperuricemia group and a normal serum uric acid group (control group) according to their serum uric acid levels.

Selection and validation of internal control genes for quantitative real-time RT‒qPCR normalization of Phlebopus portentosus gene expression under different conditions.

Phlebopus portentosus (Berk. and Broome) Boedijn is an attractive edible mushroom and is considered the only bolete for which artificial cultivation in vitro has been achieved. Gene expression analysis has become widely used in research on edible fungi and is important for elucidating the functions of genes involved in complex biological processes.

A Lightweight Detection Method for Remote Sensing Images and Its Energy-Efficient Accelerator on Edge Devices.

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have been extensively employed in remote sensing image detection and have exhibited impressive performance over the past few years. However, the abovementioned networks are generally limited by their complex structures, which make them difficult to deploy with power-sensitive and resource-constrained remote sensing edge devices. To tackle this problem, this study proposes a lightweight remote sensing detection network suitable for edge devices and an energy-efficient CNN accelerator based on field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs).

LC/MS- and GC/MS-based metabolomic profiling to determine changes in flavor quality and bioactive components of under low-temperature storage.

Introduction: Low temperature is the most common method used to maintain the freshness of during long-distance transportation. However, there is no information regarding the nutritional changes that occur in P. portentosus preserved postharvest in low temperature.

Potential Role of Lysine Acetylation and Autophagy in Brown Film Formation and Postripening of Lentinula edodes Mycelium.

Lentinula edodes is one of the most widely cultivated edible mushrooms in the world. When cultivated in sawdust, the surface mycelium of needs a long postripening stage wherein it forms a brown film (BF) by secreting and accumulating pigments. BF formation is critical for the high quality and yield of fruiting bodies.

and (Agaricales, Lyophyllaceae)-Two new species from northeast China.

Background: are two genera within the family Lyophyllaceae, which show an apparently poor species diversity worldwide. During the field investigation on wild macrofungi, six interesting collections within genera are discovered in the northeastern China.

Methods: To identify whether these collections of Gerhardtia and Ossicaulis are novel species, we performed phylogenetic analyzes using the following DNA regions: the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region and the large subunit nuclear ribosomal RNA (nrLSU) region.

Transformation of Compatible Mating-Type Genes in Monokaryons Triggers Fruiting Body Development by Activating Mating Pathways in .

Fruiting body formation is the most important developmental event in the edible mushroom life cycle; however, the genetic regulation of this process is not well understood. is a widely cultivated mushroom with high economic value. The mating of two monokaryons carrying compatible A and B mating-type genes is required for the development of fruiting bodies in .

Two new species of (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) from the Northern Hemisphere.

Phylogenetic and morphological analyses on samples of from East Asia and North America were carried out, and two new species were described, namely, and , both previously known as . The former is characterized by lateral stipitate basidiocarps, relatively small pores (7-8 per mm), a monomitic hyphal system with both clamp connections and simple septa, and ellipsoid basidiospores of 4-4.8 × 3-3.

Oxidative Stress and Autophagy Are Important Processes in Post Ripeness and Brown Film Formation in Mycelium of .

(Berk.) Pegler, the shiitake mushroom, is one of the most important mushrooms in the global mushroom industry. Although mycelium post ripeness and brown film (BF) formation are crucial for fruiting body initiation, the underlying molecular mechanisms of BF formation are largely unknown.

The complete mitochondrial genome of the edible mushroom .

The culinary-medicinal mushroom is widely cultivated in East Asia. In this study, the complete mitochondrial genome of was determined using Illumina sequencing. The circular molecule was 197,486 bp in length with a content of 25.

Whole-Genome and Transcriptome Sequencing of Reveals Its Associated Ectomycorrhizal Niche and Conserved Pathways Involved in Fruiting Body Development.

Phlebopus (Berk. and Broome) Boedijin, a widely consumed mushroom in China and Thailand, is the first species in the order Boletaceae to have been industrially cultivated on a large scale. However, to date, the lignocellulose degradation system and molecular basis of fruiting body development in have remained cryptic.

Deep Sequencing, Nested PCR, and Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis Reveal a Wider Distribution of Chinese Caterpillar Mushroom, Ophiocordyceps sinensis (Ascomycetes), in Native Soil Types.

Ophiocordyceps sinensis appears as stroma emerging from underground sclerotium enclosed by the skeleton of Thitarodes moth larvae. However, the actual distribution of the fungus in soil still remains unclarified. In this study, 40 soil samples were used for detection of O.

Comparative transcriptional analyses of Pleurotus ostreatus mutants on beech wood and rice straw shed light on substrate-biased gene regulation.

Distinct wood degraders occupying their preferred habitats have biased enzyme repertoires that are well fitted to their colonized substrates. Pleurotus ostreatus, commonly found on wood, has evolved its own enzyme-producing traits. In our previous study, transcriptional shifts in several P.

Chilling Stress Triggers VvAgo1-Mediated miRNA-Like RNA Biogenesis in .

In , an important species of edible mushroom, cryogenic autolysis is a typical phenomenon that occurs during abnormal metabolism. Analysis of gene expression profiling and qPCR showed that chilling stress (CS) significantly and continuously upregulated only one type of Argonaute in , i.e.

RIP mutated ITS genes in populations of and their implications for molecular systematics.

Different hypotheses have been proposed to interpret the observed unusual ITS (internal transcribed spacer) sequences in . The coexistence of diverged ITS paralogs in a single genome was previously shown by amplifying the ITS region from mono-ascospore isolates using specific primers designed for different ITS paralog groups. Among those paralogs, are AT-biased ITS sequences which were hypothesized to result from repeat-induced point mutation (RIP).

Diverse function and regulation of CmSnf1 in entomopathogenic fungus Cordyceps militaris.

SNF1/AMPK protein kinases play important roles in fungal development and activation of catabolite-repressed genes. In this study, we characterized the role of SNF1 ortholog in Cordyceps militaris (CmSnf1). The vegetative growth of a CmSnf1 deletion mutant was (ΔCmSnf1) reduced by 42.

Untargeted Metabolite Profiling of Antimicrobial Compounds in the Brown Film of Mycelium via LC-MS/MS Analysis.

The brown film (BF) of mycelium has been reported to exert biological activities during mushroom cultivation; however, to date, there is limited information on its chemical composition. In this study, untargeted metabolomics analysis was performed via liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), and the results were used to screen the antimicrobial compounds. A total of 236 differential metabolites were found among the BF stages compared with the white hyphal stage.

Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of arthroconidia obtained from the edible mushroom Hypsizygus marmoreus.

Using the carboxin resistance gene from Pleurotus eryngii as a selective marker, we introduced foreign DNA into the arthroconidia of Hypsizygus marmoreus through Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. The function of the exogenous GUS (β-glucuronidase) gene driven by the CaMV35S promoter was detected in the transformants.

Fungal Systematics and Evolution: FUSE 5.

Thirteen new species are formally described: from Pakistan, from India, on from Iran, from China, on species of , , and (Coleoptera, Carabidae) from Nicaragua and Panama, on (Hemiptera, Veliidae) from Brazil, on (Blattodea, Termitidae) from the DR Congo, from Slovenia, from Peru, from China, on from Italy, from , on subsp. from Pakistan. The following new records are reported: on from India; on apple and quince fruits from Iran; from Turkey; and on from Italy; causing tip blight of '' from India; from Madeira, Portugal, new for Macaronesia and Africa; , , and from Russia; on from India; on from Italy; on from Austria; from Turkey; from Wisconsin, USA; and from Turkey.

Bacterial Profiling and Dynamic Succession Analysis of Casing Soil Using MiSeq Sequencing.

(Berk. and Broome) Boedijin is a popular edible mushroom found in China and Thailand. To date, is the only species in the order Boletales that can be successfully cultivated worldwide.

Mitogenome types of two Lentinula edodes sensu lato populations in China.

China has two populations of Lentinula edodes sensu lato as follows: L. edodes sensu stricto and an unexcavated morphological species respectively designated as A and B. In a previous study, we found that the nuclear types of the two populations are distinct and that both have two branches (A1, A2, B1 and B2) based on the internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) sequence.

Protective Function of Novel Fungal Immunomodulatory Proteins Fip-lti1 and Fip-lti2 from in Concanavalin A-Induced Liver Oxidative Injury.

Fungal immunomodulatory proteins (FIPs) are a class of small proteins that have been extensively studied for their immunomodulatory activities. In this study, two novel FIPs from were identified and named Fip-lti1 and Fip-lti2. The bioactive characteristics of Fip-lti1 and Fip-lti2 were compared to a well-known FIP (LZ-8 from ) to investigate the effect of Fip-lti1 and Fip-lti2 expression on concanavalin A- (Con A-) induced liver oxidative injury.