Analysis of thyroid carcinoma composition and spatial architecture in the progression of dedifferentiation, lymphatic metastasis, and gastric metastasis.

Background: Gastrointestinal metastases are rare in patients with thyroid carcinoma (TC), and their underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Thus, in this study, we aimed to explore the spatial distribution characteristics of TCs and associated gastrointestinal metastatic cells.

Methods: We used spatial transcriptomics to generate an atlas that captures spatial gene expression patterns in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC), anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC), ATC-associated lymphatic metastasis (ATC-LM), and rare ATC-associated gastric metastasis (ATC-GM).

Identification of biomarkers associated with pathological tumor staging and their utility in the diagnosis and prognosis of prostate cancer.

Objective: Pathological tumor (pT) staging plays a crucial role in prostate cancer (PCa) diagnosis. This study aimed to identify pT stage-associated biomarkers and explored their utility in PCa prognosis.

Methods: GSE69223 was used to identify potential targets differentially expressed between level 2 of pT staging (pT2) and level 3 of pT staging (pT3).

Specific association of expressions with small cell lung cancer development and chemoradiotherapy outcome.

Objectives: To identify biomarkers that can discriminated small cell lung cancer (SCLC) from non-SCLC (NSCLC), and explore their association with the prognosis of SCLC under chemoradiotherapy.

Methods: The GSE40275 dataset was used to identify potential targets in SCLC. There were 196 patients of lung cancer (LC) in cohort 1 of this study.

Gold nanoparticles enhances radiosensitivity in glioma cells by inhibiting TRAF6/NF-κB induced CCL2 expression.

Gliomas are inherently difficult to treat by radiotherapy because glioma cells become radioresistant over time. However, combining radiotherapy with a radiosensitizer could be an effective strategy to mitigate the radioresistance of glioma cells. Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have emerged as a promising nanomaterial for cancer therapy, but little is known about whether AuNPs and X-ray radiation have cytotoxic synergistic effects against tumors.

Association of HLA-DRB1 polymorphism with Alzheimer's disease: a replication and meta-analysis.

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified one single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs9271192 within as a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD) in Caucasians. The effect of rs9271192 on AD needed to be verified in other ethnic cohorts. In order to evaluate the association between rs9271192 polymorphism and late-onset AD (LOAD) in the Northern Han Chinese population, we recruited 982 LOAD patients and 1344 sex- and age-matched healthy controls.

Heat shock protein 70 in Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease that caused dementia which has no effective treatment. Growing evidence has demonstrated that AD is a "protein misfolding disorder" that exhibits common features of misfolded, aggregation-prone proteins and selective cell loss in the mature nervous system. Heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) attracts extensive attention worldwide, because it plays a crucial role in preventing protein misfolding and inhibiting aggregation and represents a class of proteins potentially involved in AD pathogenesis.

Heat shock proteins at the crossroads between cancer and Alzheimer's disease.

Heat shock proteins 70 and heat shock proteins 90 (Hsp70/90) have been implicated in many crucial steps of carcinogenesis: stabilizing oncogenic proteins, inhibiting programmed cell death and replicative senescence, induction of tumor angiogenesis, and activation of the invasion and metastasis. Plenty of cancer related proteins have the ability of regulating the expression of Hsp70/90 through heat shock factor 1. Cancer and Alzheimer's disease (AD) have plenty of overlapping regions in molecular genetics and cell biology associated with Hsp70/90.

Interleukin-23 receptor polymorphisms are associated with Alzheimer's disease in Han Chinese.

Inhibition of interleukin-23 (IL-23) signaling was reported to reduce AD pathology, and IL-23 receptor gene (IL23R) which encodes IL-23 receptor may represent a candidate susceptibility gene for AD. Here, we conducted a case-control association study to assess the effect of IL23R genetic polymorphisms on the risk of AD in a Northern Han Chinese population. Two tag functional single polymorphisms (SNPs), rs10889677 and rs1884444 were selected, and their associations with AD risk factors were assessed in 1133 AD patients and 1156 matched controls.

TMEM106B and APOE polymorphisms interact to confer risk for late-onset Alzheimer's disease in Han Chinese.

Recent large genome-wide association studies have found variants in TMEM106B (top SNP rs1990622) as a strong risk factor for frontotemporal lobar degeneration. Moreover, the TMEM106B risk variant is also implicated in the pathologic presentation of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Here, we evaluated the association between TMEM106B rs1990622 polymorphism and late-onset AD (LOAD) in a Northern Han Chinese population consists of 1,133 LOAD patients and 1,159 controls.

SIRT2 polymorphism rs10410544 is associated with Alzheimer's disease in a Han Chinese population.

Sirtuin 2 (SIRT2) is a strong protein deacetylase, which is highly expressed in central nervous system. Recently, an association between SIRT2 rs10410544 polymorphism and late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD) was found in the APOEε4-negative Caucasian population. To investigate the potential association between the rs10410544 C/T polymorphism of SIRT2 and the risk of LOAD, we conducted an independent replication case-control study in a Northern Han Chinese population comprising 1133 cases and 1159 healthy controls being matched for age and gender.

Association of DAPK1 genetic variations with Alzheimer's disease in Han Chinese.

Apoptosis and autophagy are common physiological and pathological processes in the human body. Death-associated kinase protein 1 (DAPK1), which participates in the process of cell death, has attracted people's attention for its potential risk with late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD). A recent study identified two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in DAPK1 that show significant association with LOAD in Caucasians.

Interleukin-18 promoter polymorphisms and risk of ischemic stroke.

Ischemic stroke (IS) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality around the world. Interleukin-18 (IL-18) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of IS and IL-18 promoter polymorphisms have been shown to be associated with levels of expression of IL-18. We investigated the association of two functional polymorphisms in IL-18 promoter, -607C/A (rs1946518) and -137G/C (rs187238), with the risk of ischemic stroke in a Han Chinese population of 423 patients and 384 healthy controls matched for sex and age.

Blocking beta2-adrenergic receptor attenuates acute stress-induced amyloid beta peptides production.

Environmental factors play an important role in the Alzheimer's disease (AD) development and stress may accelerate the progression of AD. Beta-adrenergic receptors are activated by stress and may influence different aspects of cognitive function. So, it was hypothesized that stress may accelerate the pathological progression of AD by the activation of beta(2)-adrenergic receptor (beta(2)-AR).